The Letters of St. Jerome.

 Letter II. To Theodosius and the Rest of the Anchorites.

  Letter III. To Rufinus the Monk. 

 Letter IV. To Florentius.

 Letter V. To Florentius.

 Letter VI. To Julian, a Deacon of Antioch.

  Letter VII. To Chromatius, Jovinus, and Eusebius. 

 Letter VIII. To Niceas, Sub-Deacon of Aquileia.

 Letter IX. To Chrysogonus, a Monk of Aquileia.

 Letter X. To Paul, an Old Man of Concordia.

 Letter XI. To the Virgins of Æmona.

 Letter XII. To Antony, Monk.

 Letter XIII. To Castorina, His Maternal Aunt.

 Letter XIV. To Heliodorus, Monk.

 Letter XV. To Pope Damasus.

 Letter XVI. To Pope Damasus.

 Letter XVII. To the Presbyter Marcus.

 Letter XVIII. To Pope Damasus.

 Letter XIX. From Pope Damasus.

 Letter XX. To Pope Damasus.

 Letter XXI. To Damasus

 Letter XXII. To Eustochium.

 Letter XXIII. To Marcella.

 Letter XXIV. To Marcella.

 Letter XXV. To Marcella.

 Letter XXVI. To Marcella.

 Letter XXVII. To Marcella.

 Letter XXVIII. To Marcella.

 Letter XXIX. To Marcella.

 Letter XXX. To Paula.

 Letter XXXI. To Eustochium.

 Letter XXXII. To Marcella.

 Letter XXXIII. To Paula.

 Letter XXXIV. To Marcella.

 Letter XXXV. From Pope Damasus.

 Letter XXXVI. To Pope Damasus.

 Letter XXXVII. To Marcella.

 Letter XXXVIII. To Marcella.

 Letter XXXIX. To Paula.

 Letter XL. To Marcella.

 Letter XLI. To Marcella.

 Letter XLII. To Marcella.

 Letter XLIII. To Marcella.

 Letter XLIV. To Marcella.

 Letter XLV. To Asella.

 Letter XLVI. Paula and Eustochium to Marcella.

 Letter XLVII. To Desiderius.

 Letter XLVIII. To Pammachius.

 Letter XLIX. To Pammachius.

 Letter L. To Domnio.

 Letter LI. From Epiphanius, Bishop of Salamis, in Cyprus, to John, Bishop of Jerusalem.

 Letter LII. To Nepotian.

 Letter LIII. To Paulinus.

 Letter LIV. To Furia.

 Letter LV. To Amandus.

 Letter LVI. From Augustine.

 Letter LVII. To Pammachius on the Best Method of Translating.

 Letter LVIII. To Paulinus.

 Letter LIX. To Marcella.

 Letter LX. To Heliodorus.

 Letter LXI. To Vigilantius.

 Letter LXII. To Tranquillinus.

 Letter LXIII. To Theophilus.

 Letter LXIV. To Fabiola.

 Letter LXV. To Principia.

 Letter LXVI. To Pammachius.

 Letter LXVII. From Augustine.

 Letter LXVIII. To Castrutius.

 Letter LXIX. To Oceanus.

 Letter LXX. To Magnus an Orator of Rome.

 Letter LXXI. To Lucinius.

 Letter LXXII. To Vitalis.

 Letter LXXIII. To Evangelus.

 Letter LXXIV. To Rufinus of Rome.

 Letter LXXV. To Theodora.

 Letter LXXVI. To Abigaus.

 Letter LXXVII. To Oceanus.

 Letter LXXVIII. To Fabiola.

 Letter LXXIX. To Salvina.

 Letter LXXX. From Rufinus to Macarius.

 Letter LXXXI. To Rufinus.

 Letter LXXXII. To Theophilus Bishop of Alexandria.

 Letter LXXXIII. From Pammachius and Oceanus.

 Letter LXXXIV. To Pammachius and Oceanus.

 Letter LXXXV. To Paulinus.

 Letter LXXXVI. To Theophilus.

 Letter LXXXVII. From Theophilus to Jerome.

 Letter LXXXVIII. To Theophilus.

 Letter LXXXIX. From Theophilus to Jerome.

 Letter XC. From Theophilus to Epiphanius.

 Letter XCI. From Epiphanius to Jerome.

 Letter XCII. The Synodical Letter of Theophilus to the Bishops of Palestine and of Cyprus.

 Letter XCIII. From the Bishops of Palestine to Theophilus.

 Letter XCIV. From Dionysius to Theophilus.

 Letter XCV. From Pope Anastasius to Simplicianus.

 Letter XCVI. From Theophilus.

 Letter XCVII. To Pammachius and Marcella.

 Letter XCVIII. From Theophilus.

 Letter XCIX. To Theophilus.

 Letter C. From Theophilus.

 Letter CI. From Augustine.

 Letter CII. To Augustine.

 Letter CIII. To Augustine.

 Letter CIV. From Augustine.

 Letter CV. To Augustine.

 Letter CVI. To Sunnias and Fretela.

 Letter CVII. To Laeta.

 Letter CVIII. To Eustochium.

 Letter CIX. To Riparius.

 Letter CX. From Augustine.

 Letter CXI. From Augustine to Præsidius.

 Letter CXII. To Augustine.

 Letter CXIII. From Theophilus to Jerome.

 Letter CXIV. To Theophilus.

 Letter CXV. To Augustine.

 Letter CXVI. From Augustine.

 Letter CXVII. To a Mother and Daughter Living in Gaul.

 Letter CXVIII. To Julian.

 Letter CXIX. To Minervius and Alexander.

  Letter CXX. To Hedibia. 

 Letter CXXI. To Algasia.

 Letter CXXII. To Rusticus.

 Letter CXXIII. To Ageruchia.

 Letter CXXIV. To Avitus.

 Letter CXXV. To Rusticus.

 Letter CXXVI. To Marcellinus and Anapsychia.

 Letter CXXVII. To Principia.

 Letter CXXVIII. To Gaudentius.

 Letter CXXIX. To Dardanus.

 Letter CXXX. To Demetrias.

 Letter CXXXI. From Augustine.

 Letter CXXXII. From Augustine.

 Letter CXXXIII. To Ctesiphon.

 Letter CXXXIV. To Augustine.

 Letter CXXXV. From Pope Innocent to Aurelius.

 Letter CXXXVI. From Pope Innocent to Jerome.

 Letter CXXXVII. From Pope Innocent to John, Bishop of Jerusalem.

 Letter CXXXVIII. To Riparius.

 Letter CXXXIX. To Apronius.

 Letter CXL. To Cyprian the Presbyter.

 Letter CXLI. To Augustine

 Letter CXLII. To Augustine.

 Letter CXLIII. To Alypius and Augustine.

 Letter CXLIV. From Augustine to Optatus.

 Letter CXLV. To Exuperantius.

 Letter CXLVI. To Evangelus.

 Letter CXLVII. To Sabinianus.

 Letter CXLVIII. To the Matron Celantia.

Letter XVIII. To Pope Damasus.

This (written from Constantinople in a.d. 381) is the earliest of Jerome’s expository letters. In it he explains at length the vision recorded in the sixth chapter of Isaiah, and enlarges upon its mystical meaning. “Some of my predecessors,” he writes, “make ‘the Lord sitting upon a throne’ God the Father, and suppose the seraphim to represent the Son and the Holy Spirit. I do not agree with them, for John expressly tells us  1  John xii. 41. that it was Christ and not the Father whom the prophet saw.” And again, “The word seraphim means either ‘glow’ or ‘beginning of speech,’ and the two seraphim thus stand for the Old and New Testaments.  2  Jerome greatly prides himself on this explanation, and frequently reverts to it. ‘Did not our heart burn within us,’ said the disciples, ‘while he opened to us the Scriptures?’  3  Luke xxiv. 32. Moreover, the Old Testament is written in Hebrew, and this unquestionably was man’s original language.” Jerome then speaks of the unity of the sacred books. “Whatever,” he asserts, “we read in the Old Testament we find also in the Gospel; and what we read in the Gospel is deduced from the Old Testament.  4  Cf. Augustine’s dictum: “The New Testament is latent in the Old; the Old Testament is patent in the New.” There is no discord between them, no disagreement. In both Testaments the Trinity is preached.”

The letter is noticeable for the evidence it affords of the thoroughness of Jerome’s studies. Not only does he cite the several Greek versions of Isaiah in support of his argument, but he also reverts to the Hebrew original. So far as the West was concerned he may be said to have discovered this anew. Even educated men like Augustine had ceased to look beyond the LXX., and were more or less aghast at the boldness with which Jerome rejected its time-honored but inaccurate renderings.  5  See Augustine’s letters to Jerome, passim.

The letter also shows that independence of judgment which always marked Jerome’s work. At the time when he wrote it he was much under the sway of Origen. But great as was his admiration for the master, he was not afraid to discard his exegesis when, as in the case of the seraphim, he believed it to be erroneous.

1 John xii. 41.
2 Jerome greatly prides himself on this explanation, and frequently reverts to it.
3 Luke xxiv. 32.
4 Cf. Augustine’s dictum: “The New Testament is latent in the Old; the Old Testament is patent in the New.”
5 See Augustine’s letters to Jerome, passim.