Chapter 15.—Of the Same Subject.

19. It is not then difficult to see that the devil was conquered, when he who was slain by Him rose again. It is something more, and more profound of comprehension, to see that the devil was conquered when he thought himself to have conquered, that is, when Christ was slain. For then that blood, since it was His who had no sin at all, was poured out for the remission of our sins; that, because the devil deservedly held those whom, as guilty of sin, he bound by the condition of death, he might deservedly loose them through Him, whom, as guilty of no sin, the punishment of death undeservedly affected. The strong man was conquered by this righteousness, and bound with this chain, that his vessels might be spoiled,819    Mark iii. 27 which with himself and his angels had been vessels of wrath while with him, and might be turned into vessels of mercy.820    Rom. ix. 22, 23 For the Apostle Paul tells us, that these words of our Lord Jesus Christ Himself were spoken from heaven to him when he was first called. For among the other things which he heard, he speaks also of this as said to him thus: “For I have appeared unto thee for this purpose, to make thee a minister and a witness both of these things which thou hast seen from me, and of those things in the which I will appear unto thee; delivering thee from the people, and from the Gentiles, unto whom now I send thee, to open the eyes of the blind, and to turn them from darkness [to light], and from the power of Satan unto God, that they may receive forgiveness of sins, and inheritance among them which are sanctified, and faith that is in me.”821    Acts xxvi. 16–18 And hence the same apostle also, exhorting believers to the giving of thanks to God the Father, says: “Who hath delivered us from the power of darkness and hath translated us into the kingdom of His dear Son: in whom we have redemption, even the forgiveness of sins.”822    Col. i. 13, 14 In this redemption, the blood of Christ was given, as it were, as a price for us, by accepting which the devil was not enriched, but bound:823    [In this representation of Augustin, the relics of that misconception which appears in the earlier soteriology, paricularly that of Irenæus, are seen: namely, that the death of Christ ransoms the sinner from Satan. Certain texts which teach that redemption delivers from the captivity to sin and Satan, were interpreted to teach deliverance from the claims of Satan. Augustin’s soteriology is more free from this error than that of Irenæus, yet not entirely free from it. The doctrine of justification did not obtain its most consistent and complete statement in the Patristic church.—W.G.T.S.] that we might be loosened from his bonds, and that he might not with himself involve in the meshes of sins, and so deliver to the destruction of the second and eternal death,824    Apoc. xxi. 8 any one of those whom Christ, free from all debt, had redeemed by pouring out His own blood unindebtedly; but that they who belong to the grace of Christ, foreknown, and predestinated, and elected before the foundation of the world825    1 Pet. i. 20 should only so far die as Christ Himself died for them, i.e. only by the death of the flesh, not of the spirit.

CAPUT XV.

19. De eodem. Non est itaque difficile videre diabolum victum, quando qui ab illo occisus est resurrexit. Illud est majus, et ad intelligendum profundius, videre diabolum victum, quando sibi 1029 vicisse videbatur, id est, quando Christus occisus est. Tunc enim sanguis ille, quoniam ejus erat qui nullum habuit omnino peccatum, ad remissionem nostrorum fusus est peccatorum, ut quia eos diabolus merito tenebat, quos peccati reos conditione mortis obstrinxit, hos per eum merito dimitteret, quem nullius peccati reum immerito poena mortis affecit. Hac justitia victus, et hoc vinculo vinctus est fortis, ut vasa ejus eriperentur (Marc. III, 27), quae apud eum cum ipso et angelis ejus fuerant vasa irae, et in vasa misericordiae verterentur (Rom. IX, 22, 23). Haec quippe verba ipsius Domini nostri Jesu Christi de coelo ad se facta, cum primum vocatus est, narrat apostolus Paulus. Nam inter caetera quae audivit, etiam hoc sibi dictum sic loquitur: Ad hoc enim tibi apparui, ut constituam te ministrum et testem eorum quae a me vides, quibus etiam praeeo tibi, liberans te de populo et de gentibus, in quas ego mitto te aperire oculos caecorum, ut avertantur a tenebris, et a potestate satanae ad Deum, ut accipiant remissionem peccatorum, et sortem quae in sanctis, et fidem quae in me est (Act. XXVI, 16-18). Unde et exhortans idem apostolus credentes ad gratiarum actionem Deo Patri: Qui eruit nos, inquit, de potestate tenebrarum, et transtulit in regnum Filii charitatis suae, in quo habemus redemptionem in remissionem peccatorum (Coloss. I, 13, 14). In hac redemptione tanquam pretium pro nobis datus est sanguis Christi, quo accepto diabolus non ditatus est, sed ligatus: ut nos ab ejus nexibus solveremur, nec quemquam secum eorum quos Christus ab omni debito liber indebite fuso suo sanguine redemisset, peccatorum retibus involutum traheret ad secundae ac sempiternae mortis exitium (Apoc. XXI, 8); sed hactenus morerentur ad Christi gratiam pertinentes, praecogniti et praedestinati et electi ante constitutionem mundi (I Petr. I, 20), quatenus pro illis ipse mortuus est Christus, carnis tantum morte, non spiritus.