54. [XLIX.]—Ambrose Teaches that No One is Sinless in This World.

Lastly, let him give good heed to his venerable bishop, when he is expounding the Prophet Isaiah,136    This work of Ambrose is no longer extant. It is again quoted by Augustin in his work, De Peccato Originali, c. 47 [xli.]; in his De Nuptiis et Concupisc. i. 40 [xxxv.]; in his Contra Julianum, i. 11 [iv.], ii. 24 [viii.]; and in his Contra duas Epist. Pelagianorum, c. 30 [xi.]. Ambrose himself mentions this work of his in his Exposition of Luke, Book ii. c. 56, on Luke ii. 19. and says that “no man in this world can be without sin.” Now nobody can pretend to say that by the phrase “in this world” he simply meant, in the love of this world. For he was speaking of the apostle, who said, “Our conversation is in heaven;”137    Phil. iii. 20. and while unfolding the sense of these words, the eminent bishop expressed himself thus: “Now the apostle says that many men, even while living in the present world, are perfect with themselves, who could not possibly be deemed perfect, if one looks at true perfection. For he says himself: ‘We now see through a glass, darkly; but then face to face: now I know in part; but then shall I know, even as also I am known.’138    1 Cor. xiii. 13. Thus, there are those who are spotless in this world, there are those who will be spotless in the kingdom of God; although, of course, if you sift the thing minutely, no one could be spotless, because no one is without sin.” That passage, then, of the holy Ambrose, which Pelagius applies in support of his own opinion, was either written in a qualified sense, probable, indeed, but not expressed with minute accuracy; or if the holy and lowly-minded author did think that Zacharias and Elisabeth lived according to the highest and absolutely perfect righteousness, which was incapable of increase or addition, he certainly corrected his opinion on a minuter examination of it.

CAPUT XLIX.

54. Audiat denique ipsum venerabilem antistitem, cum exponeret Isaiam prophetam , dicentem, neminem in hoc mundo esse posse sine peccato. Ubi nemo potest dicere, «in hoc mundo» eum dixisse velut in dilectione hujus mundi. De Apostolo etenim loquebatur, qui dixit, Conversatio nostra in coelis est (Philipp. III, 20). Hunc ergo sensum memoratus episcopus explicans: «Perfectos,» inquit, «secum multos ait Apostolus in hoc adhuc mundo sitos, qui si ad perfectionem veram respicias, perfecti esse non poterant. Quia ipse dixit, Videmus nunc per speculum in aenigmate, tunc autem facie ad faciem: nunc cognosco ex parte, tunc autem cognoscam sicut et cognitus sum (I Cor. XIII, 12). Ita et immaculati sunt in hoc mundo et immaculati erunt in regno Dei: cum utique, si minutius excutias, immaculatus esse nemo possit, quia nemo sine peccato.» Illud ergo sancti Ambrosii testimonium, quo pro sua sententia Pelagius utitur, aut secundum quemdam modum dictum est, 0385 probabilem quidem, sed non minutius excussum: aut certe si ille vir sanctus atque humilis Zachariam et Elisabeth summae atque omnimodo perfectae justitiae, cui nihil addi jam posset, fuisse existimavit, profecto sententiam suam minutius excutiendo correxit.