ΤΟΥ ΕΝ ΑΓΙΟΙΣ ΠΑΤΡΟΣ ΗΜΩΝ ΙΩΑΝΝΟΥ ΤΟΥ ΧΡΥΣΟΣΤΟΜΟΥ ΑΡΧΙΕΠΙΣΚΟΠΟΥ ΚΩΝΣΤΑΝΤΙΝΟΥΠΟΛΕΩΣ ΤΑ ΕΥΡΙΣΚΟΜΕΝΑ ΠΑΝΤΑ. ΥΠΟΜΝΗΜΑ ΕΙΣ ΤΟΝ ΑΓΙΟΝ ΜΑΤΘΑΙΟΝ ΤΟΝ ΕΥΑΓΓΕΛΙΣ

 ΟΜΙΛΙΑ Βʹ. Βίβλος γενέσεως Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ, υἱοῦ Δαυῒδ, υἱοῦ Ἀβραάμ. αʹ. Ἆρα μέμνησθε τῆς παραγγελίας, ἣν πρώην ἐποιησάμεθα πρὸς ὑμᾶς, παρακαλοῦντες μετ

 ΟΜΙΛΙΑ Γʹ. Βίβλος γενέσεως Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ, υἱοῦ Δαυῒδ, υἱοῦ Ἀβραάμ. αʹ. Ἰδοὺ τρίτη διάλεξις, καὶ τὰ ἐν προοιμίοις οὐδέπω διελυσάμεθα. Οὐκ ἄρα μάτην ἔλε

 ΟΜΙΛΙΑ Δʹ. Πᾶσαι οὖν αἱ γενεαὶ ἀπὸ Ἀβραὰμ ἕως Δαυῒδ, γενεαὶ δεκατέσσαρες: καὶ ἀπὸ Δαυῒδ ἕως τῆς μετοικεσίας Βαβυλῶνος, γενεαὶ δεκατέσσαρες: καὶ ἀπὸ τῆ

 ΟΜΙΛΙΑ Εʹ. Τοῦτο δὲ ὅλον γέγονεν, ἵνα πληρωθῇ τὸ ῥηθὲν ὑπὸ τοῦ Κυρίου διὰ τοῦ προφήτου λέγοντος: «Ἰδοὺ ἡ παρθένος ἐν γαστρὶ ἕξει, καὶ τέξεται υἱὸν, κα

 ΟΜΙΛΙΑ Ϛʹ. Τοῦ Ἰησοῦ γεννηθέντος ἐν Βηθλεὲμ τῆς Ἰου δαίας ἐν ἡμέραις Ἡρώδου τοῦ βασιλέως, ἰδοὺ μάγοι ἀπὸ ἀνατολῶν παρεγένοντο εἰς Ἱερο σόλυμα, λέγοντε

 ΟΜΙΛΙΑ Ζʹ. Καὶ συναγαγὼν πάντας τοὺς ἀρχιερεῖς καὶ γραμ ματεῖς τοῦ λαοῦ, ἐπυνθάνετο παρ' αὐτῶν, ποῦ ὁ Χριστὸς γεννᾶται. Οἱ δὲ εἶπον αὐτῷ: Ἐν Βηθλεὲμ τ

 ΟΜΙΛΙΑ Ηʹ. Καὶ εἰσελθόντες εἰς τὴν οἰκίαν, εἶδον τὸ παι δίον μετὰ Μαρίας τῆς μητρὸς αὐτοῦ: καὶ πε σόντες προσεκύνησαν αὐτῷ: καὶ ἀνοίξαντες τοὺς θησαυρ

 ΟΜΙΛΙΑ Θʹ. Τότε ἰδὼν Ἡρώδης ὅτι ἐνεπαίχθη ὑπὸ τῶν μά γων, ἐθυμώθη λίαν: καὶ ἀποστείλας ἀνεῖλε πάντας τοὺς παῖδας τοὺς ἐν Βηθλεὲμ, καὶ ἐν πᾶσι τοῖς ὁρί

 ΟΜΙΛΙΑ Ιʹ. Ἐν ταῖς ἡμέραις ἐκείναις παραγίνεται Ἰωάννης ὁ Βαπτιστὴς, κηρύσσων ἐν τῇ ἐρήμῳ τῆς Ἰου δαίας, καὶ λέγων: Μετανοεῖτε: ἤγγικε γὰρ ἡ βασιλεία

 ΟΜΙΛΙΑ ΙΑʹ. Ἰδὼν δὲ πολλοὺς τῶν Σαδδουκαίων καὶ Φαρι σαίων ἐρχομένους ἐπὶ τὸ βάπτισμα αὐτοῦ, εἶπεν αὐτοῖς: Γεννήματα ἐχιδνῶν, τίς ὑπέδειξεν ὑμῖν φυγεῖ

 ΟΜΙΛΙΑ ΙΒʹ. Τότε παραγίνεται ὁ Ἰησοῦς ἀπὸ τῆς Γαλιλαίας εἰς τὸν Ἰορδάνην πρὸς τὸν Ἰωάννην, τοῦ βα πτισθῆναι ὑπ' αὐτοῦ. αʹ. Μετὰ τῶν δούλων ὁ Δεσπότης,

 ΟΜΙΛΙΑ ΙΓʹ. Τότε ἀνήχθη ὁ Ἰησοῦς εἰς τὴν ἔρημον ὑπὸ τοῦ Πνεύματος, πειρασθῆναι ὑπὸ τοῦ διαβόλου. αʹ. Τότε: πότε Μετὰ τὴν τοῦ Πνεύματος κάθοδον, μετὰ

 ΟΜΙΛΙΑ ΙΔʹ. Ἀκούσας δὲ ὁ Ἰησοῦς, ὅτι Ἰωάννης παρεδόθη, ἀνεχώρησεν εἰς τὴν Γαλιλαίαν. αʹ. Τίνος ἕνεκεν ἀναχωρεῖ Πάλιν παιδεύων ἡμᾶς, μὴ ὁμόσε χωρεῖν τ

 ΟΜΙΛΙΑ ΙΕʹ. Ἰδὼν δὲ ὁ Ἰησοῦς τοὺς ὄχλους, ἀνέβη εἰς τὸ ὄρος: καὶ καθίσαντος αὐτοῦ, προσῆλθον αὐτῷ οἱ μα θηταὶ αὐτοῦ. Καὶ ἀνοίξας τὸ στόμα αὐτοῦ, ἐδί δ

 ΟΜΙΛΙΑ ΙϚʹ. Μὴ νομίσητε, ὅτι ἦλθον καταλῦσαι τὸν νόμον ἢ τοὺς προφήτας. αʹ. Τίς γὰρ τοῦτο ὑπώπτευσεν ἢ τίς ἐνεκάλεσεν ἵνα πρὸς τοῦτο ποιήσηται τὴν ἀπά

 ΟΜΙΛΙΑ ΙΖʹ. Ἠκούσατε ὅτι ἐῤῥέθη τοῖς ἀρχαίοις: Οὐ μοιχεύσεις. Ἐγὼ δὲ λέγω ὑμῖν, ὅτι πᾶς ὁ ἐμβλέπων γυναικὶ πρὸς τὸ ἐπιθυμῆσαι αὐτὴν, ἤδη ἐμοίχευσεν αὐ

 ΟΜΙΛΙΑ ΙΗʹ. Ἠκούσατε ὅτι ἐῤῥέθη Ὀφθαλμὸν ἀντὶ ὀφθαλ μοῦ, καὶ ὀδόντα ἀντὶ ὀδόντος. Ἐγὼ δὲ λέγω ὑμῖν, μὴ ἀντιστῆναι τῷ πονηρῷ: ἀλλ' ὅστις σε ῥαπίσει εἰς

 ΟΜΙΛΙΑ ΙΘʹ. Προσέχετε τὴν ἐλεημοσύνην ὑμῶν μὴ ποιεῖν ἔμπροσθεν τῶν ἀνθρώπων, πρὸς τὸ θεαθῆναι αὐτοῖς. αʹ. Τὸ τυραννικώτερον πάντων λοιπὸν ἐξορίζει πάθ

 ΟΜΙΛΙΑ Κʹ. Ὅταν δὲ νηστεύητε, μὴ γίνεσθε ὥσπερ οἱ ὑπο κριταὶ, σκυθρωποί. Ἀφανίζουσι γὰρ τὰ πρόσ ωπα αὐτῶν, ὅπως φανῶσι τοῖς ἀνθρώποις νηστεύοντες. αʹ.

 ΟΜΙΛΙΑ ΚΑʹ. Οὐδεὶς δύναται δυσὶ κυρίοις δουλεύειν: ἢ γὰρ τὸν ἔνα μισήσει, καὶ τὸν ἕτερον ἀγαπήσει: ἢ ἑνὸς ἀνθέξεται, καὶ τοῦ ἑτέρου καταφρονήσει. αʹ.

 ΟΜΙΛΙΑ ΚΒʹ. Καταμάθετε τὰ κρίνα τοῦ ἀγροῦ, πῶς αὐξάνει: οὐ κοπιᾷ, οὐδὲ νήθει: λέγω δὲ ὑμῖν, ὅτι οὐδὲ Σολο μῶν ἐν πάσῃ τῇ δόξῃ αὐτοῦ περιεβάλετο ὡς ἓν

 ΟΜΙΛΙΑ ΚΓʹ. Μὴ κρίνετε, ἵνα μὴ κριθῆτε. αʹ. Τί οὖν οὐ χρὴ τοῖς ἁμαρτάνουσιν ἐγκαλεῖν Καὶ γὰρ ὁ Παῦλος τὸ αὐτὸ τοῦτό φησι: μᾶλλον δὲ κἀκεῖ ὁ Χριστὸς

 ΟΜΙΛΙΑ ΚΔʹ. Οὐ πᾶς ὁ λέγων μοι, Κύριε, Κύριε, εἰσελεύσεται εἰς τὴν βασιλείαν τῶν οὐρανῶν, ἀλλ' ὁ ποιῶν τὸ θέ λημα τοῦ Πατρός μου τοῦ ἐν οὐρανοῖς. αʹ.

 ΟΜΙΛΙΑ ΚΕʹ. Καὶ ἐγένετο, ὅτε ἐτέλεσεν ὁ Ἰησοῦς τοὺς λόγους τού τους, ἐξεπλήσσοντο οἱ ὄχλοι ἐπὶ τῇ διδαχῇ αὐτοῦ. αʹ. Καὶ μὴν ἀκόλουθον ἦν ἀλγεῖν αὐτοὺς

 ΟΜΙΛΙΑ ΚϚʹ. Εἰσελθόντι δὲ αὐτῷ εἰς Καπερναοὺμ, προσῆλθεν αὐτῷ ἑκατόνταρχος, παρακαλῶν αὐτὸν, καὶ λέ γων: «Κύριε, ὁ παῖς μου βέβληται ἐν τῇ οἰκίᾳ παραλ

 ΟΜΙΛΙΑ ΚΖʹ. Καὶ ἐλθὼν ὁ Ἰησοῦς εἰς τὴν οἰκίαν Πέτρου, εἶδε τὴν πενθερὰν αὐτοῦ βεβλημένην καὶ πυρέσ σουσαν: καὶ ἥψατο τῆς χειρὸς αὐτῆς, καὶ ἀφῆκεν αὐτὴ

 ΟΜΙΛΙΑ ΚΗʹ. Ἐμβάντι δὲ αὐτῷ εἰς τὸ πλοῖον, ἠκολούθησαν οἱ μαθηταὶ αὐτοῦ. Καὶ ἰδοὺ χειμὼν μέγας ἐγένετο ἐν τῇ θαλάσσῃ, ὥστε τὸ πλοῖον καλύπτεσθαι ὑπὸ τ

 ΟΜΙΛΙΑ ΚΘʹ. Καὶ ἐμβὰς εἰς τὸ πλοῖον διεπέρασε, καὶ ἦλθεν εἰς τὴν ἰδίαν πόλιν. Καὶ ἰδοὺ προσήνεγκαν αὐ τῷ παραλυτικὸν ἐπὶ κλίνης βεβλημένον. Καὶ ἰδὼν ὁ

 ΟΜΙΛΙΑ Λʹ. Καὶ παράγων ὁ Ἰησοῦς ἐκεῖθεν, εἶδεν ἄνθρωπον ἐπὶ τὸ τελώνιον καθήμενον, Ματθαῖον λεγόμενον: καὶ λέγει αὐτῷ: «Ἀκολούθει μοι.» αʹ. Ποιήσας γὰ

 ΟΜΙΛΙΑ ΛΑʹ. Ταῦτα αὐτοῦ λαλοῦντος αὐτοῖς, ἰδοὺ ἄρχων εἰσ ελθὼν προσεκύνει αὐτὸν λέγων: Ἡ θυγάτηρ μου ἄρτι ἐτελεύτησεν: ἀλλὰ ἐλθὼν ἐπίθες τὴν χεῖρά σου

 ΟΜΙΛΙΑ ΛΒʹ. Καὶ παράγοντι ἐκεῖθεν τῷ Ἰησοῦ ἠκολούθησαν δύο τυφλοὶ κράζοντες, καὶ λέγοντες: Ἐλέησον ἡμᾶς, υἱὲ Δαυΐδ. Καὶ ἐλθόντος αὐτοῦ εἰς τὴν οἰκίαν,

 ΟΜΙΛΙΑ ΛΓʹ. Ἰδοὺ ἐγὼ ἀποστέλλω ὑμᾶς ὡς πρόβατα ἐν μέσῳ λύκων. Γίνεσθε οὖν φρόνιμοι ὡς οἱ ὄφεις, καὶ ἀκέραιοι ὡς αἱ περιστεραί. αʹ. Ἐπειδὴ περὶ τῆς ἀνα

 ΟΜΙΛΙΑ ΛΔʹ. Ὅταν δὲ διώκωσιν ὑμᾶς ἐν τῇ πόλει ταύτῃ, φεύ γετε εἰς τὴν ἑτέραν. Ἀμὴν γὰρ λέγω ὑμῖν, οὐ μὴ τελέσητε τὰς πόλεις τοῦ Ἰσραὴλ, ἕως ἂν ἔλθῃ ὁ

 ΟΜΙΛΙΑ ΛΕʹ. Μὴ νομίσητε, ὅτι ἦλθον βαλεῖν εἰρήνην ἐπὶ τὴν γῆν: οὐκ ἦλθον βαλεῖν εἰρήνην, ἀλλὰ μάχαιραν. αʹ. Πάλιν τὰ φορτικώτερα τίθησι καὶ μετὰ πολλῆ

 ΟΜΙΛΙΑ ΛϚʹ. Καὶ ἐγένετο ὅτε ἐτέλεσεν ὁ Ἰησοῦς διατάσσων τοῖς δώδεκα μαθηταῖς, μετέβη ἐκεῖθεν τοῦ διδάσκειν καὶ κηρύσσειν ἐν ταῖς πόλεσιν αὐτῶν. αʹ. Ἐπ

 ΟΜΙΛΙΑ ΛΖʹ. Τούτων δὲ πορευομένων, ἤρξατο ὁ Ἰησοῦς λέγειν τοῖς ὄχλοις περὶ Ἰωάννου: Τί ἐξήλθετε εἰς τὴν ἔρημον θεάσασθαι κάλαμον ὑπὸ ἀνέμου σαλευό με

 ΟΜΙΛΙΑ ΛΗʹ. Ἐν ἐκείνῳ τῷ καιρῷ ἀποκριθεὶς ὁ Ἰησοῦς εἶπεν: Ἐξομολογοῦμαί σοι, Πάτερ, Κύριε τοῦ οὐρανοῦ καὶ τῆς γῆς, ὅτι ἀπέκρυψας ταῦτα ἀπὸ σοφῶν καὶ σ

 ΟΜΙΛΙΑ ΛΘʹ. Ἐν ἐκείνῳ τῷ καιρῷ ἐπορεύθη ὁ Ἰησοῦς τοῖς σάβ βασι διὰ τῶν σπορίμων: οἱ δὲ μαθηταὶ αὐτοῦ ἐπεί νασαν, καὶ ἤρξαντο τίλλειν στάχυας καὶ ἐσθίε

 ΟΜΙΛΙΑ Μʹ. Καὶ μεταβὰς ἐκεῖθεν, ἦλθεν εἰς τὴν συναγω γὴν αὐτῶν: καὶ ἰδοὺ ἄνθρωπος τὴν χεῖρα ἔχων ξηράν. αʹ. Πάλιν ἐν σαββάτῳ θεραπεύει, ὑπὲρ τῶν παρὰ

 ΟΜΙΛΙΑ ΜΑʹ. Εἰδὼς δὲ ὁ Ἰησοῦς τὰς ἐνθυμήσεις αὐτῶν εἶπεν αὐτοῖς: Πᾶσα βασιλεία μερισθεῖσα καθ' ἑαυ τῆς, ἐρημωθήσεται: καὶ πᾶσα πόλις ἢ οἰκία μερισθεῖσ

 ΟΜΙΛΙΑ ΜΒʹ. Ἢ ποιήσατε τὸ δένδρον καλὸν, καὶ τὸν καρπὸν αὐ τοῦ καλόν: ἢ ποιήσατε τὸ δένδρον σαπρὸν, καὶ τὸν καρπὸν αὐτοῦ σαπρόν: ἐκ γὰρ τοῦ καρποῦ τὸ

 ΟΜΙΛΙΑ ΜΓʹ. Τότε ἀπεκρίθησαν αὐτῷ τινες τῶν γραμματέων καὶ Φαρισαίων, λέγοντες: «Διδάσκαλε, θέλομεν ἀπὸ σοῦ σημεῖον ἰδεῖν.» Ὁ δὲ ἀποκριθεὶς εἶπε: «Γεν

 ΟΜΙΛΙΑ ΜΔʹ. Ἔτι δὲ αὐτοῦ λαλοῦντος τοῖς ὄχλοις, ἰδοὺ ἡ μήτηρ αὐτοῦ καὶ οἱ ἀδελφοὶ εἱστήκεισαν ἔξω, ζη τοῦντες αὐτῷ λαλῆσαι. Εἶπε δέ τις αὐτῷ: «Ἰδοὺ ἡ

 ΟΜΙΛΙΑ ΜΕʹ. Καὶ προσελθόντες οἱ μαθηταὶ εἶπον αὐτῷ: Διατί ἐν παραβολαῖς λαλεῖς αὐτοῖς Ὁ δὲ ἀπο κριθεὶς εἶπεν αὐτοῖς: Ὅτι ὑμῖν δέδοται γνῶναι τὰ μυστή

 ΟΜΙΛΙΑ ΜϚʹ. Ἄλλην παραβολὴν παρέθηκεν αὐτοῖς, λέγων: Ὡμοι ώθη ἡ βασιλεία τῶν οὐρανῶν ἀνθρώπῳ σπείροντι καλὸν σπέρμα ἐν τῷ ἀγρῷ αὐτοῦ. Ἐν δὲ τῷ καθεύ δ

 ΟΜΙΛΙΑ ΜΖʹ. Ταῦτα πάντα ἐλάλησεν ὁ Ἰησοῦς ἐν παραβολαῖς τοῖς ὄχλοις, καὶ χωρὶς παραβολῆς οὐδὲν ἐλάλει αὐτοῖς: ὅπως πληρωθῇ τὸ ῥηθὲν διὰ τοῦ προφήτου λ

 ΟΜΙΛΙΑ ΜΗʹ. Καὶ ἐγένετο, ὅτε ἐτέλεσεν ὁ Ἰησοῦς τὰς παραβολὰς ταύτας, μετῆρεν ἐκεῖθεν. αʹ. Τίνος ἕνεκεν εἶπε, ταύτας Ἐπειδὴ καὶ ἄλλας ἔμελλεν ἐρεῖν. Τ

 ΟΜΙΛΙΑ ΜΘʹ. Ἀκούσας δὲ ὁ Ἰησοῦς, ἀνεχώρησεν ἐκεῖθεν ἐν πλοίῳ εἰς ἔρημον τόπον κατ' ἰδίαν: καὶ ἀκού σαντες οἱ ὄχλοι, ἠκολούθησαν αὐτῷ πεζῇ ἀπὸ πασῶν τῶ

 ΟΜΙΛΙΑ Νʹ. Καὶ ἀπολύσας τοὺς ὄχλους, ἀνέβη εἰς τὸ ὄρος κατ' ἰδίαν προσεύξασθαι. Ὀψίας δὲ γενομένης, μόνος ἦν ἐκεῖ. Τὸ δὲ πλοῖον ἤδη μέσον τῆς θαλάσσης

 ΟΜΙΛΙΑ ΝΑʹ. Τότε προσέρχονται τῷ Ἰησοῦ οἱ ἀπὸ Ἱεροσολύμων γραμματεῖς καὶ Φαρισαῖοι, λέγοντες: «Διατί οἱ μαθηταί σου,» κ. τ. ἑ. αʹ. Τότε: πότε Ὅτε τὰ

 ΟΜΙΛΙΑ ΝΒʹ. Καὶ ἐξελθὼν ἐκεῖθεν ὁ Ἰησοῦς, ἀνεχώρησεν εἰς τὰ μέρη Τύρου καὶ Σιδῶνος. Καὶ ἰδοὺ γυνὴ Χαναναία ἀπὸ τῶν ὁρίων ἐκείνων ἐξελθοῦσα, ἔκραξεν αὐ

 ΟΜΙΛΙΑ ΝΓʹ. Ὁ δὲ Ἰησοῦς προσκαλεσάμενος τοὺς μαθητὰς αὐ τοῦ, εἶπε: «Σπλαγχνίζομαι ἐπὶ τὸν ὄχλον, ὅτι ἤδη ἡμέραι τρεῖς προσμένουσί μοι, καὶ οὐκ ἔχουσι

 ΟΜΙΛΙΑ ΝΔʹ. Ἐξελθὼν δὲ ὁ Ἰησοῦς εἰς τὰ μέρη Καισαρείας τῆς Φιλίππου, ἠρώτα τοὺς μαθητὰς αὐτοῦ, λέγων: Τίνα με λέγουσιν οἷ ἄνθρωποι εἶναι, τὸν Υἱὸν τοῦ

 ΟΜΙΛΙΑ ΝΕʹ. Τότε ὁ Ἰησοῦς εἶπε τοῖς μαθηταῖς αὐτοῦ: Εἴ τις θέλει ὀπίσω μου ἐλθεῖν, ἀπαρνησάσθω ἑαυτὸν, καὶ ἀράτω τὸν σταυρὸν αὐτοῦ, καὶ ἀκολουθείτω μο

 ΟΜΙΛΙΑ ΝϚʹ. Ἀμὴν, ἀμὴν λέγω ὑμῖν: εἰσί τινες τῶν ὧδε ἑστώτων. οἵτινες οὐ μὴ γεύσωνται θανάτου, ἕως ἂν ἴδωσι τὸν Υἱὸν τοῦ ἀνθρώπου ἐρχόμενον ἐν τῇ βασι

 ΟΜΙΛΙΑ ΝΖʹ. Καὶ ἐπηρώτησαν αὐτὸν οἱ μαθηταὶ αὐτοῦ λέγοντες: Τί οὖν οἱ γραμματεῖς λέγουσιν, ὅτι Ἠλίαν δεῖ ἐλ θεῖν πρῶτον αʹ. Οὐκ ἄρα ἀπὸ τῶν Γραφῶν το

 ΟΜΙΛΙΑ ΝΗʹ. Ἀναστρεφομένων δὲ αὐτῶν ἐν τῇ Γαλιλαίᾳ, εἶπεν αὐτοῖς ὁ Ἰησοῦς: Μέλλει ὁ Υἱὸς τοῦ ἀνθρώπου παραδίδοσθαι εἰς χεῖρας ἀνθρώπων, καὶ ἀποκτε νοῦ

 ΟΜΙΛΙΑ ΝΘʹ. Οὐαὶ τῷ κόσμῳ ἀπὸ τῶν σκανδάλων! Ἀνάγκη γάρ ἐστιν ἐλθεῖν τὰ σκάνδαλα, πλὴν οὐαὶ τῷ ἀνθρώ πῳ ἐκείνῳ, δι' οὗ τὰ σκάνδαλα ἔρχεται! αʹ. Καὶ εἰ

 ΟΜΙΛΙΑ Ξʹ. Ἐὰν ἁμάρτῃ εἰς σὲ ὁ ἀδελφός σου, ὕπαγε, ἔλεγξον αὐτὸν μεταξὺ σοῦ καὶ αὐτοῦ μόνου. Ἐάν σου ἀκούσῃ, ἐκέρδησας τὸν ἀδελφόν σου. αʹ. Ἐπειδὴ γὰρ

 ΟΜΙΛΙΑ ΞΑʹ. Τότε προσελθὼν αὐτῷ ὁ Πέτρος εἶπε: Κύριε, ποσάκις ἁμαρτήσει εἰς ἐμὲ ὁ ἀδελφός μου, καὶ ἀφήσω αὐτῷ ἕως ἑπτάκις Λέγει αὐτῷ ὁ Ἰησοῦς, Οὐ λέ

 ΟΜΙΛΙΑ ΞΒʹ. Καὶ ἐγένετο, ὅτε ἐτέλεσεν ὁ Ἰησοῦς τοὺς λόγους τούτους, μετῆρεν ἀπὸ τῆς Γαλιλαίας, καὶ ἦλθεν ἐπὶ τὰ ὅρια τῆς Ἰουδαίας πέραν τοῦ Ἰορδάνου.

 ΟΜΙΛΙΑ ΞΓʹ. Καὶ ἰδοὺ εἷς προσελθὼν εἶπεν αὐτῷ: Διδάσκαλε ἀγαθὲ, τί ποιήσας ζωὴν αἰώνιον κληρονομήσω αʹ. Τινὲς μὲν διαβάλλουσι τὸν νεανίσκον τοῦτον, ὡ

 ΟΜΙΛΙΑ ΞΔʹ. Τότε ἀποκριθεὶς ὁ Πέτρος εἶπεν αὐτῷ: Ἰδοὺ ἡμεῖς ἀφήκαμεν πάντα, καὶ ἠκολουθήσαμέν σοι: τί ἄρα ἔσται ἡμῖν αʹ. Ποῖα πάντα, ὦ μακάριε Πέτρε

 ΟΜΙΛΙΑ ΞΕʹ. Καὶ ἀναβαίνων εἰς Ἱεροσόλυμα ὁ Ἰησοῦς, παρέλαβε τοὺς δώδεκα μαθητὰς κατ' ἰδίαν ἐν τῇ ὁδῷ, καὶ εἶπεν αὐτοῖς: Ἰδοὺ ἀναβαίνομεν εἰς Ἱεροσόλυμ

 ΟΜΙΛΙΑ ΞϚʹ. Καὶ ἐκπορευομένων αὐτῶν ἀπὸ Ἱεριχὼ, ἠκολούθη σαν αὐτῷ ὄχλοι πολλοί. Καὶ ἰδοὺ δύο τυ φλοὶ καθήμενοι παρὰ τὴν ὁδὸν, ἀκούσαντες ὅτι Ἰησοῦς πα

 ΟΜΙΛΙΑ ΞΖʹ. Καὶ εἰσελθὼν ὁ Ἰησοῦς εἰς τὸ ἱερὸν, ἐξέβαλε πάν τας τοὺς πωλοῦντας καὶ ἀγοράζοντας ἐν τῷ ἱερῷ, καὶ τὰς τραπέζας τῶν κολλυβιστῶν κατ έστρεψ

 ΟΜΙΛΙΑ ΞΗʹ. Ἄλλην παραβολὴν ἀκούσατε. Ἄνθρωπός τις ἦν οἰκοδεσπότης, ὅστις ἐφύτευσεν ἀμπελῶνα, καὶ φραγμὸν αὐτῷ περιέθηκε, καὶ ὤρυξε ληνὸν, καὶ ᾠκοδόμη

 ΟΜΙΛΙΑ ΞΘʹ. Καὶ ἀποκριθεὶς ὁ Ἰησοῦς εἶπε πάλιν ἐν παραβο λαῖς: Ὡμοιώθη ἡ βασιλεία τῶν οὐρανῶν ἀνθρώπῳ βασιλεῖ, ὅστις ἐποίησε γάμους τῷ υἱῷ αὐτοῦ. Καὶ

 ΟΜΙΛΙΑ Οʹ. Τότε πορευθέντες οἱ Φαρισαῖοι συμβούλιον ἔλαβον, ὅπως αὐτὸν παγιδεύσωσιν ἐν λόγῳ. αʹ. Τότε, πότε Ὅτε μάλιστα κατανυγῆναι ἔδει, ὅτε ἐκπλαγῆ

 ΟΜΙΛΙΑ ΟΑʹ. Οἱ δὲ Φαρισαῖοι ἀκούσαντες, ὅτι ἐφίμωσε τοὺς Σαδ δουκαίους, συνήχθησαν ἐπὶ τὸ αὐτό: καὶ ἐπηρώ τησεν εἷς ἐξ αὐτῶν νομικὸς, πειράζων αὐτὸν,

 ΟΜΙΛΙΑ ΔΒʹ. Τότε ὁ Ἰησοῦς ἐλάλησε τοῖς ὄχλοις καὶ τοῖς μαθη ταῖς αὐτοῦ, λέγων: Ἐπὶ τῆς Μωϋσέως καθέδρας ἐκάθισαν οἱ Γραμματεῖς καὶ οἱ Φαρισαῖοι. Πάντα

 ΟΜΙΛΙΑ ΟΓʹ. Οὐαὶ ὑμῖν, γραμματεῖς καὶ Φαρισαῖοι, ὑποκριταὶ, ὅτι κατεσθίετε τὰς οἰκίας τῶν χηρῶν, καὶ προφάσει μακρὰ προσευχόμενοι: διὰ τοῦτο λήψεσθε π

 ΟΜΙΛΙΑ ΟΔʹ. Οὐαὶ ὑμῖν, ὅτι οἰκοδομεῖτε τοὺς τάφους τῶν προ φητῶν, καὶ κοσμεῖτε τὰ μνήματα αὐτῶν, καὶ λέγετε: Εἰ ἦμεν ἐν ταῖς ἡμέραις τῶν πατέρων ἡμῶν,

 ΟΜΙΛΙΑ ΟΕʹ. Καὶ ἐξελθὼν ὁ Ἰησοῦς ἀπὸ τοῦ ἱεροῦ, ἐπορεύετο. Καὶ προσῆλθον οἱ μαθηταὶ αὐτοῦ, ἐπιδεῖξαι αὐτῷ τὰς οἰκοδομὰς τοῦ ἱεροῦ. Ὁ δὲ ἀποκριθεὶς εἶπ

 ΟΜΙΛΙΑ ΟϚʹ. Τότε οἱ ἐν τῇ Ἰουδαίᾳ, φευγέτωσαν εἰς τὰ ὄρη καὶ ὁ ἐπὶ τοῦ δώματος, μὴ καταβάτω ἆραι τὰ ἐκ τῆς οἰκίας αὐτοῦ: καὶ ὁ ἐν τῷ ἀγρῷ αὐτοῦ, μὴ ἐπ

 ΟΜΙΛΙΑ ΟΖʹ. Ἀπὸ δὲ τῆς συκῆς μάθετε τὴν παραβολήν. Ὅταν ἤδη ὁ κλάδος αὐτῆς γένηται ἁπαλὸς, καὶ τὰ φύλλα ἐκφύῃ, γινώσκετε ὅτι ἐγγὺς τὸ θέρος. Οὕτω καὶ

 ΟΜΙΛΙΑ ΟΗʹ. Τότε ὁμοιωθήσεται ἡ βασιλεία τῶν οὐρανῶν δέκα παρθένοις, αἵτινες λαβοῦσαι τὰς λαμπάδας αὐτῶν, ἐξῆλθον εἰς ἀπάντησιν τοῦ νυμφίου. Πέντε δὲ

 ΟΜΙΛΙΑ ΟΘʹ. Ὅταν δὲ ἔλθῃ ὁ Υἱὸς τοῦ ἀνθρώπου ἐν τῇ δόξῃ τοῦ Πατρὸς αὐτοῦ, καὶ πάντες οἱ ἅγιοι ἄγγελοι μετ' αὐτοῦ, τότε καθίσει, φησὶν, ἐπὶ θρόνου δόξη

 ΟΜΙΛΙΑ Πʹ. Τοῦ δὲ Ἰησοῦ γενομένου ἐν Βηθανίᾳ, ἐν οἰκίᾳ Σίμω νος τοῦ λεπροῦ, προσῆλθεν αὐτῷ γυνὴ, ἀλάβα στρον μύρου ἔχουσα βαρυτίμου, καὶ ἐξέχεεν ἐπὶ τ

 ΟΜΙΛΙΑ ΠΑʹ. Τῇ δὲ πρώτῃ τῶν ἀζύμων προσῆλθον οἱ μαθηταὶ τῷ Ἰησοῦ λέγοντες, Ποῦ θέλεις ἑτοιμάσωμέν σοι φαγεῖν τὸ πάσχα Ὁ δὲ εἶπεν: Ὑπάγετε εἰς τὴν πόλ

 ΟΜΙΛΙΑ ΠΒʹ. Ἐσθιόντων δὲ αὐτῶν, λαβὼν ὁ Ἰησοῦς ἄρτον, καὶ εὐχαριστήσας, ἔκλασε, καὶ ἔδωκε τοῖς μαθηταῖς, καὶ εἶπε: Λάβετε, φάγετε: τοῦτό ἐστι τὸ σῶμά

 ΟΜΙΛΙΑ ΠΓʹ. Τότε ἔρχεται μετ' αὐτῶν ὁ Ἰησοῦς εἰς χωρίον λεγόμενον Γεθσημανῆ, καὶ λέγει τοῖς μαθηταῖς: Καθίσατε αὐτοῦ, ἕως ἂν ἀπελθὼν προσεύξωμαι ἐκεῖ.

 ΟΜΙΛΙΑ ΠΔʹ. Καὶ ἰδοὺ εἷς τῶν μετὰ Ἰησοῦ, ἐκτείνας τὴν χεῖρα αὐτοῦ, ἀπέσπασε τὴν μάχαιραν αὐτοῦ, καὶ πατά ξας τὸν δοῦλον τοῦ ἀρχιερέως, ἀφεῖλεν αὐτοῦ τ

 ΟΜΙΛΙΑ ΠΕʹ. Τότε ἐνέπτυσαν εἰς τὸ πρόσωπον αὐτοῦ, καὶ ἐκολά φισαν αὐτόν: οἱ δὲ ἐῤῥάπισαν, λέγοντες: Προ φήτευσον ἡμῖν, Χριστὲ, τίς ἐστιν ὁ παίσας σε

 ΟΜΙΛΙΑ ΠϚʹ. Ὁ δὲ Ἰησοῦς ἔστη ἔμπροσθεν τοῦ ἡγεμόνος: καὶ ἐπηρώτησεν αὐτὸν ὁ ἡγεμὼν, λέγων: Σὺ εἶ ὁ βα σιλεὺς τῶν Ἰουδαίων Ὁ δὲ Ἰησοῦς ἔφη: Σὺ λέγεις.

 ΟΜΙΛΙΑ ΠΖʹ. Τότε οἱ στρατιῶται τοῦ ἡγεμόνος παραλαβόντες τὸν Ἰησοῦν εἰς τὸ πραιτώριον, συνήγαγον ἐπ' αὐτὸν ὅλην τὴν σπεῖραν: καὶ ἐκδύσαντες αὐτὸν, περ

 ΟΜΙΛΙΑ ΠΗʹ. Ἀπὸ δὲ ἕκτης ὥρας σκότος ἐγένετο ἐπὶ πᾶσαν τὴν γῆν ἕως ὥρας ἐνάτης. Περὶ δὲ τὴν ἐνάτην ὥραν ἔκραξεν ὁ Ἰησοῦς φωνῇ μεγάλῃ, καὶ εἶπεν: Ἠλὶ,

 ΟΜΙΛΙΑ ΠΘʹ. Τῇ δὲ ἐπαύριον, ἥτις ἐστὶ μετὰ τὴν παρασκευὴν, συνήχθησαν οἱ ἀρχιερεῖς καὶ οἱ Φαρισαῖοι πρὸς Πιλάτον, λέγοντες: Κύριε, ἐμνήσθημεν ὅτι ἐκεῖ

 ΟΜΙΛΙΑ Ϟʹ. Πορευομένων δὲ αὐτῶν, ἰδού τινες τῆς κουστωδίας ἐλθόντες εἰς τὴν πόλιν, ἀνήγγειλαν τοῖς ἀρχιερ εῦσιν ἅπαντα τὰ γενόμενα. Καὶ συναχθέντες με

Homily LXXII.

Matt. XXIII. 1-3.

“Then spake Jesus to the multitudes and to His disciples, saying, The Scribes and the Pharisees sit in Moses’ seat: all therefore whatsoever they bid you do, that do;2651   [The Greek text in this clause differs somewhat both from the received and from that followed in the R.V.—R.]but do not after their works.”

Then. When? When He had said these things, when He had stopped their mouths; when He had brought them that they should no more dare to tempt Him; when He had shown their state incurable.

And since He had made mention of “the Lord” and “my Lord,”2652   [κυρου κα κυρου, referring to the two uses of the word in the Old Testament passage cited in Matt. xxii. 44, but not in precise terms.—R.] He recurs again to the law. And yet the law said nothing of this kind, but, “The Lord thy God is one Lord.”2653   Deut. vi. 4. But Scripture calls the whole Old Testament the law.

But these things He saith, showing by all things His full agreement with Him that begat Him. For if He were opposed, He would have said the opposite about the law; but now He commands so great reverence to be shown towards it, that, even when they that teach it are depraved, He charges them to hold to it.

But here He is discoursing about their life and morals, since this was chiefly the cause of their unbelief, their depraved life, and the love of glory. To amend therefore His hearers; that which in the first place most contributes to salvation, not to despise our teachers, neither to rise up against our priests, this doth He command with superabundant earnestness. But He does not only command it, but also Himself doth it. For though they were depraved, He doth not depose them from their dignity; to them rendering their condemnation heavier, and to His disciples leaving no cloke for disobedience.

I mean, that lest any one should say, that because my teacher is bad, therefore am I become more remiss, He takes away even this pretext. So much at any rate did He establish their authority, although they were wicked men, as even after so heavy an accusation to say, “All whatsoever they command you to do, do.” For they speak not their own words, but God’s, what He appointed for laws by Moses. And mark how much honor He showed towards Moses, again showing His agreement with the Old Testament; since indeed even by this doth He make them objects of reverence. “For they sit,” He saith, “on Moses’ seat.” For because He was not able to make them out worthy of credit by their life, He doth it from the grounds that were open to Him, from their seat, and their succession from him. But when thou hearest all, do not understand all the law, as, for instance, the ordinances about meats, those about sacrifices, and the like; for how was He to say so of these things, which He had taken away beforehand? but He meant all things that correct the moral principle, and amend the disposition, and agree with the laws of the New Testament, and suffer them not any more to be under the yoke of the law.

Wherefore then doth He give these things divine authority, not from the law of grace, but from Moses? Because it was not yet time, before the crucifixion, for these things to be plainly declared.

But to me He seems, in addition to what has been said, to be providing for another object, in saying these things. For since He was on the point of accusing them, that He might not seem in the sight of the foolish to set His heart on this authority of theirs, or for enmity to be doing these things, first He removed this thought, and having set himself clear from suspicion, then begins His accusation. And for what intent doth He convict them, and run out into a long discourse against them? To set the multitude on their guard, so that they might not fall into the same sins. For neither is dissuading like pointing out those that have offended; much as recommending what is right, is not like bringing forward those that have done well. For this cause also He is beforehand in saying, “Do not after their works.” For, lest they should suppose, because of their listening to them, they ought also to imitate them, He uses this means of correction, and makes what seems to be their dignity a charge against them. For what can be more wretched than a teacher, when the preservation of his disciples is, not to give heed to his life? So that what seemeth to be their dignity is a most heavy charge against them, when they are shown to live such a life, as they that imitate are ruined.

For this cause He also falls upon His accusations against them, but not for this only, but that He might show, that both their former unbelief wherewith they had not believed, and the crucifixion after this, which they dared to perpetrate, were not a charge against Him who was crucified and disbelieved, but against their perverseness.

But see whence He begins, and whence He aggravates His blame of them. “For they say,” He saith, “and do not.” For every one is worthy of blame in transgressing the law, but especially he that bears the authority of teaching, for doubly and triply doth he deserve to be condemned. For one cause, because he transgresses; for another, that as he ought to amend others, and then halteth, he is worthy of a double punishment, because of his dignity; and in the third place, that he even corrupts the more, as committing such transgression in a teacher’s place.

And together with these He mentions also another charge against them, that they are harsh to those accountable to them.

“For they bind heavy burdens, and grievous to be borne, and lay them on men’s shoulders, but they will not move them with their finger.”2654   Matt. xxiii. 4. [“For,” as in rec. text.] He mentions here a twofold wickedness, their requiring great and extreme strictness of life, without any indulgence, from those over whom they rule, and their allowing to themselves great security; the opposite to which the truly good ruler ought to hold; in what concerns himself, to be an unpardoning and severe judge, but in the matters of those whom he rules, to be gentle and ready to make allowances; the contrary to which was the conduct of these men.

2. For such are all they who practise self restraint in mere words, unpardoning and grievous to bear as having no experience of the difficulty in actions. And this itself too is no small fault, and in no ordinary way increases the former charge.

But do thou mark, I pray thee, how He aggravates this accusation also. For He did not say, “they cannot,” but, “they will not.” And He did not say, “to bear,” but, “to move with a finger,” that is, not even to come near them, nor to touch them.

But wherein are they earnest, and vigorous? In the things forbidden. For, “all their works they do,” He saith, “to be seen of men.”2655   Matt. xxiii. 5. These things He saith, accusing them in respect of vainglory, which kind of thing was their ruin. For the things before were signs of harshness and remissness, but these of the mad desire of glory. This drew them off from God, this caused them to strive before other spectators, and ruined them. For whatever kind of spectators any one may have, since it hath become his study to please these, such also are the contests he exhibits. And he that wrestles among the noble, such also are the conflicts he takes in hand, but he among the cold and supine, himself also becomes more remiss. For instance, hath any one a beholder that delights in ridicule? he himself too becomes a mover of ridicule, that he may delight the spectator: hath another one who is earnest minded, and practises self-government? he endeavors himself to be such as he is, since such is the disposition of him who praises him.

But see again that here too the charge is with aggravation. For neither is it that they do some things in this way, some in another way, but all things absolutely this way.

Then, having blamed them for vainglory, He shows that it is not even about great and necessary things they are vainglorious (for neither had they these, but were destitute of good works), but for things without warmth or worth, and such as were certain proofs of their baseness, the phylacteries, the borders; of their garments. “For they make broad their phylacteries,” He saith, “and enlarge the borders of their garments.”2656   Matt. xxiii. 5.

And what are these phylacteries, and these borders? Since they were continually forgetting God’s benefits, He commanded His marvellous works to be inscribed on little tablets, and that these should be suspended from their hands (wherefore also He said, “They shall be immoveable in thine eyes”),2657   Deut. vi. 8; so LXX. A.V. “as frontlets between.”which they called phylacteries; as many of our women now wear Gospels hung from their necks. And in order that by another thing again they may be reminded, like as many often do, binding round their finger with a piece of linen or a thread, as being likely to forget, this God enjoined them as children to do, “to sew a ribbon of blue on their garments, upon the fringe that hung round their feet, that they might look at it, and remember the commandments;”2658   Numb. xv. 38, 39. [The passage is freely given from the LXX.]and they were called “borders.”

In these things then they were diligent, making wide the strips of the tablets, and enlarging the borders of their garments; which was a sign of the most extreme vanity. For wherefore art thou vainglorious, and dost make these wide? what, is this thy good work? what doth it profit thee at all, if thou gain not the good results from them. For God seeks not the enlarging of these and making them wide, but our remembering His benefits. But if for almsgiving and prayer, although they be attended with labor, and be good deeds on our parts, we must not seek vainglory, how dost thou, O Jew, pride thyself in these things, which most of all convict thy remissness.

But they not in these only, but in other little things, suffered from this disease.

For, “they love,” He saith, “the uppermost rooms2659   [R.V., “the chief place.”]at feasts, and the chief seats in the synagogues, and greetings in the markets, and to be called of men, Rabbi.”2660   [With the oldest New Testament mss. the word “Rabbi” is not repeated.—R.] For these things, although one may think them small, yet are they a cause of great evils. These things have overthrown both cities and churches.

And it comes upon me now even to weep, when I hear of the first seats, and the greetings, and consider how many ills were hence engendered to the churches of God, which it is not necessary to publish to you now; nay rather as many as are aged men do not even need to learn these things from us.2661   This passage has afforded grounds for a conjecture as to the date of the Homily, but the language is too general to prove anything; see Montfaucon’s Preface.

But mark thou, I pray thee, how vainglory prevailed; when they were commanded not to be vainglorious, even in the synagogues, where they had entered to discipline others.

For to have this feeling at feasts, to howsoever great a degree, doth not seem to be so dreadful a thing; although even there the teachers ought to be held in reverence, and not in the church only, but everywhere. And like as a man, wherever he may appear, is manifestly distinguished from the brutes; so also ought the teacher, both speaking and holding his peace, and dining, and doing whatever it may be, to be distinguished as well by his gait, as by his look, and by his garb, and by all things generally. But they were on every account objects of ridicule, and in every respect disgraced themselves, making it their study to follow what they ought to flee. For they love them, it is said; but if the loving them be a matter of blame, what a thing must the doing them be; and to hunt and strive after them, how great an evil.

3. The other things then He carried no further than to accuse them, as being small and trifling, and as though His disciples needed not at all to be corrected about these matters; but what was a cause of all the evils, even ambition, and the violent seizing of the teacher’s chair, this He brings forward, and corrects with diligence, touching this vehemently and earnestly charging them.

For what saith He? “But be not ye called Rabbi.” Then follows the cause also; “For one is your master, and all ye are brethren;”2662   Matt. xxiii. 8.and one hath nothing more than another, in respect of his knowing nothing from himself. Wherefore Paul also saith, “For who is Paul, and who is Apollos, but ministers?”2663   1 Cor. iii. 5. He said not masters. And again, “Call not, father,”2664   Matt. xxiii. 9.not that they should not call, but they may know whom they ought to call Father, in the highest sense. For like as the master is not a master principally; so neither is the father. For He is cause of all, both of the masters, and of the fathers.

And again He adds, “Neither be ye called guides, for one is your guide, even Christ;”2665   Matt. xxiii. 10. [The word καθηγητς is rendered “Master” in our English versions, but “guide” is more literal; “the Christ” (R.V.), is preferable, especially in view of the context here.—R.]and He said not, I. For like as above He said, “What think ye of Christ?”2666   Matt. xxii. 42. [R.V., “the Christ.”]and He said not, “of me,” so here too.

But I should be glad to ask here, what they would say, who are repeatedly applying the term one, one, to the Father alone, to the rejection of the Only-begotten. Is the Father guide? All would declare it, and none would gainsay it. And yet “one,” He saith, “is your guide, even Christ.” For like as Christ, being called the one guide, casts not out the Father from being guide; even so the Father, being called Master, doth not cast out the Son from being Master. For the expression, one, one, is spoken in contradistinction to men, and the rest of the creation.

Having warned them therefore against this grievous pest, and amended them, He instructs also how they may escape it; by humility. Wherefore He adds also, “He that is greatest among you shall be your servant. For whosoever shall exalt himself shall be abased, and whosoever shall abase himself shall be exalted.”2667   Matt. xxiii. 11, 12. [R.V., “humbled,” and “humble.” The A.V. here uses both “abase” and “humble.”—R.]

For nothing is equal to the practice of modesty, wherefore He is continually reminding them of this virtue, both when He brought the children into the midst, and now. And, when on the mount, beginning the beatitudes, He began from hence. And in this place, He plucks it up by the roots hereby, saying, “He that abaseth himself shall be exalted.”

Seest thou how He draws off the hearer right over to the contrary thing. For not only doth He forbid him to set his heart upon the first place, but requires him to follow after the last. For so shalt thou obtain thy desire, He saith. Wherefore he that pursues his desire for the first, must follow after the last place. “For he that abaseth himself shall be exalted.”

And where shall we find this humility? Will ye that we go again to the city of virtue, the tents of the holy men, the mountains, I mean, and the groves? For there too shall we see this height of humility.

For men, some illustrious from their rank in the world, some from their wealth, in every way put themselves down, by their vesture, by their dwelling, by those to whom they minister; and, as in written characters, they throughout all things inscribe humility.

And the things that are incentives of arrogance, as to dress well, and to build houses splendidly, and to have many servants, things which often drive men even against their will to arrogance; these are all taken away. For they themselves light their fire, they themselves cleave the logs, themselves cook, themselves minister to those that come there.

No one can be heard insulting there, nor seen insulted, nor commanded, nor giving commands; but all are devoted to those that are waited on, and every one washes the strangers’ feet, and there is much contention about this. And he doeth it, not inquiring who it is, neither if he be a slave, nor if he be free; but in the case of every one fulfills this service. No man there is great nor mean. What then? Is there confusion? Far from it, but the highest order. For if any one be mean, he that is great seeth not this, but hath accounted himself again to be inferior even to him, and so becomes great.

There is one table for all, both for them that are served, and for them that serve; the same food, the same clothes, the same dwellings, the same manner of life. He is great there, who eagerly seizes the mean task. There is not mine and thine, but this expression is exterminated, that is a cause of countless wars.

4. And why dost thou marvel, if there be one manner of life and table and dress for all, since indeed there is even one soul to all, not in substance only (for this is with all men also), but in love? how then should it ever be lifted up itself against itself? There is no wealth and poverty there, honor and dishonor; how then should haughtiness and arrogance find an entrance? For they are indeed little and great in respect of their virtue; but, as I have said, no one seeth this. He that is little, feels not pain, as despised; for neither is there any one to despise him; and should any one spurn him, this above all are they taught, to be despised, to be spurned, to be set at nought, in word and in deed. And with the poor and maimed do they associate, and their tables are full of these guests; so that for this are they worthy of the heavens. And one tends the wounds of the mutilated, another leads the blind by the hand, a third bears him that is lamed of his leg.

There is no multitude of flatterers or parasites there; or rather they know not even what flattery is; whence then could they be lifted up at any time? For there is great equality amongst them, wherefore also there is much facility for virtue.

For by these are they of an inferior sort better instructed, than if they were compelled to give up the first place to them.

For like as the impetuous man derives instruction from him that is smitten, and submits to it; so the ambitious from him that claims not glory, but despises it. This they do there abundantly, and as the strife is great with us to obtain the first place, so great is it with them not to obtain it, but utterly to refuse it; and great is their earnest desire who shall have the advantage in honoring, not in being honored.

And besides, even their very employments persuade them to practise moderation, and not to be high-swollen. For who, I pray thee, digging in the earth, and watering, and planting, or making baskets, or weaving sackcloth, or practising any other handy works, will ever be proud? Who dwelling in poverty and wrestling with hunger, will ever be sick of this disease? There is not one. Therefore humility is easy to them. And like as here, it is a hard thing to be lowly minded, for the multitude of them who applaud and admire us, so there it is exceedingly easy.

And that man gives heed only to the wilderness, and sees birds flying, and trees waving, and a breeze blowing, and streams rushing through glens. Whence then should he be lifted up who dwells in solitude so great?

Not however that therefore we have from this an excuse, in that we are proud when living in the midst of men. For surely Abraham, when amidst Canaanites, said, “I am but dust and ashes;”2668   Gen. xviii. 27.and David, when in the midst of camps,2669   Or, “courts.” [στρατοπδοι; in earlier Greek “camps,” but in Byzantine Greek applied to the suite of the Emperor.—R.]“I am a worm, and no man;”2670   Ps. xxii. 6.and the apostle, in the midst of the world, “I am not meet to be called an apostle.”2671   1 Cor. xv. 9. What comfort shall we have then; what plea, when even, having such great examples, we do not practise moderation? For even as they are worthy of countless crowns, having been the first that went the way of virtue, even so are we deserving of countless punishments, who not even after those that are departed, and are set before us in books, no nor even after these that are living, and held in admiration through their deeds, are drawn on to the like emulation.

For what couldest thou say, for not being amended? Art thou ignorant of letters, and hast not looked into the Scriptures that thou mightest learn the virtues of them of old? To say the truth, this is itself blameworthy, when the church is constantly standing open, not to enter in, and partake of those sacred streams.

However, although thou know not the departed by the Scriptures, these living men thou oughtest to see. But is there no one to lead thee? Come to me, and I will show thee the places of refuge of these holy men; come and learn thou of them something useful. Shining lamps are these in every part of the earth; as walls are they set about the cities. For this cause have they occupied the deserts, that they may instruct thee to despise the tumults in the midst of the world.

For they, as being strong, are able even in the midst of the raging of the waters to enjoy a calm; but thou, who art leaky on every side, hast need of tranquility, and to take breath a little, after the successive waves. Go then there continually, that, having purged away the abiding stain by their prayers and admonitions, thou mayest both pass in the best manner the present life, and attain unto the good things to come, by the grace and love towards man of our Lord Jesus Christ, by whom and with whom, be unto the Father, together with the Holy Ghost, glory, might, honor, now and ever, and world without end. Amen.

ΟΜΙΛΙΑ ΔΒʹ. Τότε ὁ Ἰησοῦς ἐλάλησε τοῖς ὄχλοις καὶ τοῖς μαθη ταῖς αὐτοῦ, λέγων: Ἐπὶ τῆς Μωϋσέως καθέδρας ἐκάθισαν οἱ Γραμματεῖς καὶ οἱ Φαρισαῖοι. Πάντα οὖν ὅσα ἂν λέγωσιν ὑμῖν ποιεῖν, ποιεῖτε: κατὰ δὲ τὰ ἔργα αὐτῶν μὴ ποιεῖτε. αʹ. Τότε, πότε; Ὅτε ταῦτα εἶπεν: ὅτε αὐτοὺς ἐπεστόμισεν: ὅτε ἔστησεν εἰς τὸ μηκέτι τολμᾷν πειράζειν αὐτόν: ὅτε ἔδειξεν ἀνιάτως ἔχοντας. Καὶ ἐπειδὴ κυρίου καὶ κυρίου ἐμνημόνευσε, πάλιν ἐπὶ τὸν νόμον ἀνατρέχει. Καίτοιγε ὁ νόμος τοιοῦτον οὐδὲν εἶπε, φησίν: ἀλλὰ Κύριος ὁ Θεός σου, Κύριος εἷς ἐστιν. Ἀλλὰ νόμον ἡ Γραφὴ τὴν Παλαιὰν ἅπασαν καλεῖ. Ταῦτα δὲ λέγει, δεικνὺς διὰ πάντων τὴν πολλὴν πρὸς τὸν γεγεννηκότα ὁμόνοιαν. Εἰ γὰρ ἐναντίος ἦν, τοὐναντίον ἂν εἶπε περὶ τοῦ νόμου: νῦν δὲ τοσαύτην περὶ αὐτὸν ἐπιδείκνυσθαι κελεύει τὴν αἰδῶ, ὡς καὶ διεφθαρμένων ὄντων τῶν διδασκόντων αὐτὸν, ἐκείνου κελεύειν ἀντέχεσθαι. Ἐνταῦθα δὲ καὶ περὶ βίου καὶ περὶ πολιτείας διαλέγεται, ἐπειδὴ τοῦτο μάλιστα αἴτιον τῆς ἀπιστίας αὐτοῖς ἦν, ὁ διεφθαρμένος βίος, καὶ ὁ τῆς δόξης ἔρως. Διορθούμενος τοίνυν τοὺς ἀκροατὰς, ὃ πρῶτον μάλιστά ἐστιν εἰς σωτηρίαν συντελοῦν, τὸ τῶν διδασκάλων μὴ καταφρονεῖν, μηδὲ κατεξανίστασθαι τῶν ἱερέων, τοῦτο ἐκ περιουσίας κελεύει. Οὐ κελεύει δὲ μόνον, ἀλλὰ καὶ αὐτὸς ποιεῖ. Καὶ γὰρ διεφθαρμένους ὄντας οὐ κατάγει ἀπὸ τῆς τιμῆς: ἐκείνοις μὲν πλέον τὸ κρίμα ἐργαζόμενος, τοῖς δὲ μαθητευομένοις οὐδεμίαν παραλιμπάνων παρακοῆς πρόφασιν. Ἵνα γὰρ μή τις λέγῃ, ὅτι Ἐπειδὴ φαῦλος ὁ διδάσκαλος, διὰ τοῦτο ῥᾳθυμότερος γέγονα: καὶ ταύτην ἀναιρεῖ τὴν πρόφασιν. Οὕτω γοῦν αὐτῶν ἔστησε τὴν ἀρχὴν, καίτοι πονηρῶν ὄντων, ὡς καὶ μετὰ τοσαύτην κατηγορίαν εἰπεῖν: Πάντα ὅσα ἂν λέγωσιν ὑμῖν ποιεῖν, ποιεῖτε. Οὐ γὰρ τὰ ἑαυτῶν λέγουσιν, ἀλλὰ τὰ τοῦ Θεοῦ, ἃ διὰ Μωϋσέως ἐνομοθέτησε. Καὶ σκόπει πόσῃ περὶ τὸν Μωϋσέα κέχρηται τιμῇ, πάλιν τὴν πρὸς τὴν Παλαιὰν συμφωνίαν ἐνδεικνύμενος, ὅπου γε καὶ ἐντεῦθεν αὐτοὺς αἰδεσίμους ποιεῖ. Ἐπὶ γὰρ τῆς Μωϋσέως καθέδρας ἐκάθισαν, φησίν. Ἐπειδὴ γὰρ οὐκ εἶχεν αὐτοὺς ἀπὸ βίου ἀξιοπίστους ποιῆσαι, ἀπὸ τῶν ἐγχωρούντων τοῦτο ποιεῖ, τῆς καθέδρας καὶ τῆς ἐκείνου διαδοχῆς. Πάντα δὲ ὅταν ἀκούσῃς, μὴ πᾶσαν ἄκουε τὴν νομοθεσίαν: οἷον, τὰ περὶ βρωμάτων, τὰ περὶ θυσιῶν, καὶ ὅσα τοιαῦτα: πῶς γὰρ ἔμελλε ταῦτα λέγειν, ἃ προλαβὼν ἀνεῖλεν; ἀλλὰ Πάντα φησὶ τὰ διορθοῦντα ἦθος, καὶ βελτίω ποιοῦντα τρόπον, καὶ τοῖς τῆς Καινῆς συμβαίνοντα νόμοις, καὶ οὐκ ἀφιέντα λοιπὸν ὑπὸ τὸν τοῦ νόμου ζυγὸν εἶναι. Διατί οὖν οὐκ ἀπὸ τοῦ νόμου τῆς χάριτος ταῦτα θεσπίζει, ἀλλ' ἀπὸ τοῦ Μωϋσέως; Ὅτι οὐδέπω καιρὸς ἦν πρὸ τοῦ σταυροῦ ταῦτα σαφῶς διαλέγεσθαι. Ἐμοὶ δὲ δοκεῖ πρὸς τοῖς εἰρημένοις καὶ ἕτερόν τι προοικονομεῖν, ταῦτα λέγων. Ἐπειδὴ γὰρ μέλλει κατηγορεῖν αὐτῶν, ἵνα μὴ δόξῃ παρὰ τοῖς ἀνοήτοις τῆς ἀρχῆς αὐτῶν ταύτης ἐρᾷν, ἢ δι' ἀπέχθειαν ταῦτα ποιεῖν, πρῶτον τοῦτο ἀναιρεῖ, καὶ ἀνύποπτον ἑαυτὸν ποιήσας, τότε ἄρχεται τῆς κατηγορίας. Καὶ τίνος ἕνεκεν αὐτοὺς ἐλέγχει, καὶ μακροὺς λοιπὸν ἀποτείνει λόγους κατ' αὐτῶν; Προφυλαττόμενος τοὺς ὄχλους, ὥστε μὴ τοῖς αὐτοῖς περιπεσεῖν. Οὐδὲ γὰρ ὅμοιον ἀπαγορεύειν, καὶ τοὺς πταίσαντας δεικνύναι: ὥσπερ οὐχ ὅμοιον παραινεῖν τὰ δέοντα, καὶ τοὺς κατορθοῦντας εἰς μέσον ἄγειν. Διὰ τοῦτο καὶ προλαβών φησι: Κατὰ δὲ τὰ ἔργα αὐτῶν μὴ ποιεῖτε. Ἵνα γὰρ μὴ νομίσωσι διὰ τὸ ἀκούειν αὐτῶν, δεῖν αὐτοὺς καὶ ζηλοῦν, ταύτῃ κέχρηται τῇ ἐπιδιορθώσει, καὶ τὴν δοκοῦσαν αὐτῶν τιμὴν εἶναι κατηγορίαν ποιεῖται. Τί γὰρ διδασκάλου γένοιτ' ἂν ἀθλιώτερον, ὅταν τοὺς μαθητὰς τὸ μὴ προσέχειν αὐτοῦ τῷ βίῳ διασώζῃ; Ὥστε ἡ δοκοῦσα αὐτῶν εἶναι τιμὴ, μεγίστη κατηγορία ἐστὶν, ὅταν τοιοῦτον φαίνωνται βίον ἔχοντες, ὃν οἱ ζηλοῦντες διαφθείρονται. Διὰ τοῦτο καὶ εἰς τὰς κατ' αὐτῶν ἐμπίπτει κατηγορίας. Οὐ διὰ τοῦτο δὲ μόνον, ἀλλ' ἵνα δείξῃ, ὅτι καὶ ἡ προτέρα ἀπιστία ἢν ἠπίστησαν, καὶ ὁ σταυρὸς ὁ μετὰ ταῦτα ὃν ἐτόλμησαν, οὐ τοῦ σταυρωθέντος καὶ ἀπιστηθέντος ἔγκλημα, ἀλλὰ τῆς ἐκείνων ἀγνωμοσύνης κατηγορία. Θέα δὲ πόθεν ἄρχεται, καὶ πόθεν αὔξει τὰ ἐγκλήματα; Ὅτι λέγουσι, φησὶ, καὶ οὐ ποιοῦσιν. Ἕκαστος μὲν γὰρ ἐγκλημάτων ἄξιος, παραβαίνων τὸν νόμον, μάλιστα δὲ ὁ διδασκαλίας αὐθεντίαν ἔχων: διπλῇ γὰρ καὶ τριπλῇ δίκαιος κατακρίνεσθαι. Δι' ἓν μὲν, ὅτι παραβαίνει: δι' ἕτερον δὲ, ὅτι τοὺς ἄλλους ὀφείλων διορθοῦν, εἶτα χωλεύων, μείζονος τιμωρίας ἄξιος διὰ τὴν τιμήν: τρίτον δὲ, ὅτι καὶ διαφθείρει μειζόνως, ἅτε ἐν διδασκάλου τάξει τοιαῦτα παρανομῶν. Μετὰ δὲ τούτων καὶ ἕτερον αὐτῶν πάλιν λέγει κατηγόρημα, ὅτι πικροί εἰσι τοῖς ὑπευθύνοις. Δεσμεύουσι γὰρ φορτία βαρέα καὶ δυσβάστακτα, καὶ τιθέασιν ἐπὶ τοὺς ὤμους τῶν ἀνθρώπων: τῷ δὲ δακτύλῳ αὐτῶν οὐ θέλουσι κινῆσαι αὐτά. Διπλῆν ἐνταῦθα λέγει κακίαν, τὸ πολλὴν μὲν καὶ ἄκραν ἀπαιτεῖν ἀσυγγνώστως παρὰ τῶν ἀρχομένων βίου ἀκρίβειαν, πολλὴν δὲ ἑαυτοῖς ἐπιτρέπειν τὴν ἄδειαν: ὧν τοὐναντίον τὸν ἄριστον ἄρχοντα ἔχειν χρή: ἐν μὲν τοῖς καθ' ἑαυτὸν, ἀσύγγνωστον εἶναι καὶ πικρὸν δικαστήν: ἐν δὲ τοῖς τῶν ἀρχομένων, συγγνωμονικὸν καὶ ἥμερον: ὧν οὗτοι τὸ ἐναντίον ἐποίουν. βʹ. Τοιοῦτοι γὰρ πάντες οἱ λόγοις φιλοσοφοῦντες, ἀσύγγνωστοι καὶ βαρεῖς, ἅτε ἄπειροι τῆς δι' ἔργων δυσκολίας. Οὐ μικρὰ δὲ καὶ αὕτη κακία, οὐδὲ ὡς ἔτυχεν, ἐπιτείνει τὴν ἔμπροσθεν κατηγορίαν. Σὺ δέ μοι σκόπει, πῶς καὶ τοῦτο αὔξει τὸ ἔγκλημα. Οὐ γὰρ εἶπεν, Οὐ δύνανται, ἀλλ' Οὐ θέλουσι: καὶ οὐκ εἶπε. Βαστάσαι, ἀλλὰ Δακτύλῳ κινῆσαι, τουτέστιν, Οὐδὲ ἐγγὺς γενέσθαι, οὐδὲ ἅψασθαι. Ἀλλὰ ποῦ σπουδαῖοι καὶ εὔτονοι; Ἐν τοῖς κεκωλυμένοις. Πάντα γὰρ τὰ ἔργα αὐτῶν ποιοῦσι, φησὶ, πρὸς τὸ θεαθῆναι τοῖς ἀνθρώποις. Εἰς κενοδοξίαν αὐτοὺς διαβάλλων ταῦτα λέγει, ὅπερ αὐτοὺς ἀπώλεσε. Τὰ μὲν γὰρ ἔμπροσθεν ὠμότητος καὶ ῥᾳθυμίας: ταῦτα δὲ, δοξομανίας. Τοῦτο ἀπέστησεν αὐτοὺς τοῦ Θεοῦ: τοῦτο ἐν ἑτέρῳ θεάτρῳ ἀγωνίζεσθαι παρεσκεύασε, καὶ διέφθειρεν. Οἵους γὰρ ἄν τις ἔχῃ τοὺς θεατὰς, ἐπεὶ τούτοις ἐσπούδακεν ἀρέσκειν, τοιούτους ἐπιδείκνυται καὶ τοὺς ἀγῶνας: καὶ ὁ μὲν ἐν γενναίοις παλαίων, τοιαῦτα καὶ τὰ ἀγωνίσματα μέτεισιν: ὁ δὲ ἐν ψυχροῖς καὶ ἀναπεπτωκόσι, καὶ αὐτὸς ῥᾳθυμότερος γίνεται. Οἷον, ἔχει τις θεατὴν γέλωτι χαίροντα; γίνεται γελωτοποιὸς καὶ αὐτὸς, ἵνα τέρπῃ τὸν θεατήν: ἕτερος σπουδαῖον καὶ φιλοσοφοῦντα; σπουδάζει καὶ αὐτὸς τοιοῦτος εἶναι, ἐπειδὴ τοιαύτη τοῦ ἐπαινοῦντος ἡ γνώμη. Ὅρα δὲ πάλιν καὶ ἐνταῦθα μετ' ἐπιτάσεως τὸ ἔγκλημα. Οὐδὲ γὰρ τὰ μὲν οὕτω, τὰ δὲ ἑτέρως ποιοῦσιν: ἀλλὰ πάντα ἁπλῶς οὕτως. Εἶτα ἐγκαλέσας αὐτοῖς κενοδοξίαν, δείκνυσιν οὐδὲ ἐπὶ τοῖς μεγάλοις καὶ ἀναγκαίοις κενοδοξοῦντας: (οὐδὲ γὰρ εἶχον, ἀλλ' ἔρημοι ἦσαν κατορθωμάτων:) ἀλλ' ἐπὶ ψυχροῖς καὶ εὐτελέσι, καὶ ἃ τῆς κακίας αὐτῶν τεκμήρια ἦν, τὰ φυλακτήρια, τὰ κράσπεδα. Πλατύνουσι γὰρ τὰ φυλακτήρια αὐτῶν, φησὶ, καὶ μεγαλύνουσι τὰ κράσπεδα τῶν ἱματίων αὐτῶν. Καὶ τίνα ταῦτά ἐστι τὰ φυλακτήρια καὶ τὰ κράσπεδα; Ἐπειδὴ συνεχῶς ἐπελανθάνοντο τῶν εὐεργεσιῶν τοῦ Θεοῦ, ἐκέλευσεν ἐγγραφῆναι βιβλίοις μικροῖς τὰ θαύματα αὐτοῦ, καὶ ἐξηρτῆσθαι αὐτὰ τῶν χειρῶν αὐτῶν: (διὸ καὶ ἔλεγεν: Ἔσται ἀσάλευτα ἐν ὀφθαλμοῖς σου:) ἃ φυλακτήρια ἐκάλουν: ὡς πολλαὶ νῦν τῶν γυναικῶν Εὐαγγέλια τῶν τραχήλων ἐξαρτῶσαι ἔχουσι. Καὶ ἵνα καὶ ἑτέρωθεν πάλιν ὑπομιμνήσκωνται, ὃ πολλοὶ πολλάκις ποιοῦσιν, ὡς ἐπιλανθανόμενοι λίνῳ ἢ κρόκῃ τὸν δάκτυλον ἀποδεσμοῦντες, τοῦτο ὁ Θεὸς ὥσπερ παιδίοις ἐκέλευσε ποιεῖν, κλῶσμα ὑακίνθινον ἐπὶ τῶν ἱματίων περὶ τὴν ᾤαν τὴν περὶ τοὺς πόδας ἀποῤῥάπτεσθαι, ἵνα προσέχοντες ἀναμιμνήσκωνται τῶν ἐντολῶν: καὶ ἐκαλεῖτο κράσπεδα. Ἐν τούτοις τοίνυν ἦσαν σπουδαῖοι, τοὺς τελαμῶνας τῶν βιβλίων πλατύνοντες, καὶ τὰ κράσπεδα μεγαλοποιοῦντες: ὅπερ ἐσχάτης κενοδοξίας ἦν. Τίνος γὰρ ἕνεκεν φιλοτιμῇ, καὶ πλατύνεις ταῦτα; μὴ γὰρ κατόρθωμά σου τοῦτό ἐστι; μὴ γάρ τί σε ὀνίνησιν, ἂν μὴ τὰ ἀπ' αὐτῶν κερδάνῃς; Οὐ γὰρ τὸ μεγαλύνειν ταῦτα καὶ πλατύνειν ὁ Θεὸς ζητεῖ, ἀλλὰ τὸ μεμνῆσθαι τῶν αὐτοῦ κατορθωμάτων. Εἰ δὲ ἐπὶ ἐλεημοσύνῃ καὶ νηστείᾳ, καίτοι ἐπιπόνοις καὶ κατορθώμασιν οὖσιν ἡμετέροις, φιλοτιμεῖσθαι οὐ δεῖ: πῶς σὺ τούτοις ἐναβρύνῃ, ὦ Ἰουδαῖε, ἃ μάλιστά σου κατηγορεῖ ῥᾳθυμίαν; Οἱ δὲ οὐκ ἐν τούτοις μόνοις, ἀλλὰ καὶ ἐν ἑτέροις μικροῖς ταῦτα ἐνόσουν. Φιλοῦσι γὰρ, φησὶ, τὴν πρωτοκλισίαν ἐν τοῖς δείπνοις, καὶ τὰς πρωτοκαθεδρίας ἐν ταῖς συναγωγαῖς, καὶ τοὺς ἀσπασμοὺς ἐν ταῖς ἀγοραῖς, καὶ καλεῖσθαι ὑπὸ τῶν ἀνθρώπων, Ῥαββί. Ταῦτα γὰρ εἰ καὶ μικρά τις ἡγεῖται, ἀλλὰ μεγάλων ἐστὶν αἴτια κακῶν. Ταῦτα καὶ πόλεις καὶ Ἐκκλησίας ἀνέτρεψε. Καί μοι καὶ δακρῦσαι ἔπεισι νῦν, ὅταν τὰς πρωτοκαθεδρίας ἀκούσω καὶ τοὺς ἀσπασμοὺς, καὶ λογίσωμαι πόσα ἐντεῦθεν ἐτέχθη κακὰ ταῖς Ἐκκλησίαις τοῦ Θεοῦ: ἅπερ οὐκ ἀναγκαῖον εἰς ὑμᾶς ἐξειπεῖν νῦν: μᾶλλον δὲ ὅσοι πρεσβῦται οὐδὲ δέονται ταῦτα παρ' ἡμῶν μαθεῖν. Σὺ δέ μοι σκόπει, ποῦ τὰ τῆς κενοδοξίας ἐκράτει: ἔνθα ἐκελεύοντο μὴ κενοδοξεῖν, ἐν ταῖς συναγωγαῖς: ἔνθα εἰσῄεσαν ῥυθμίζοντες ἑτέρους. Τὸ μὲν γὰρ ἐπὶ τῶν δείπνων τοῦτο παθεῖν ὁπωσδήποτε, οὐχ οὕτω δοκεῖ δεινὸν εἶναι: καίτοιγε καὶ ἐκεῖ τὸν διδάσκαλον θαυμάζεσθαι ἔδει, οὐκ ἐπὶ τῆς Ἐκκλησίας μόνον, ἀλλὰ πανταχοῦ. Καὶ καθάπερ ὁ ἄνθρωπος, ὅπουπερ ἂν φανῇ, δῆλός ἐστι τῶν ἀλόγων διεστηκώς: οὕτω καὶ τὸν διδάσκαλον, καὶ φθεγγόμενον, καὶ σιγῶντα, καὶ ἀριστοποιούμενον, καὶ πᾶν ὁτιοῦν ποιοῦντα, δῆλον εἶναι δεῖ, καὶ ἀπὸ τοῦ βήματος, καὶ ἀπὸ τοῦ βλέμματος, καὶ ἀπὸ τοῦ σχήματος, καὶ ἀπὸ πάντων ἁπλῶς. Ἐκεῖνοι δὲ πανταχόθεν ἦσαν καταγέλαστοι, καὶ πανταχοῦ κατῃσχύνοντο, μελετῶντες ἃ φεύγειν ἔδει. Φιλοῦσι γὰρ, φησίν: εἰ δὲ τὸ φιλεῖν ἔγκλημα, τὸ ποιεῖν ἡλίκον; καὶ τὸ θηρᾷν αὐτὰ καὶ σπουδάζειν ὥστε τυχείν, πόσον κακόν; γʹ. Τὰ μὲν οὖν ἄλλα μέχρι τῆς ἐκείνων κατηγορίας ἔστησεν, ὡς μικρὰ καὶ εὐτελῆ, καὶ μὴ δεομένων τῶν μαθητῶν καὶ ὑπὲρ τούτων διορθωθῆναι: ὃ δὲ πάντων αἴτιον ἦν τῶν κακῶν, ἡ φιλαρχία, καὶ τὸ τὸν θρόνον ἁρπάζειν τὸν διδασκαλικὸν, τοῦτο εἰς μέσον ἀγαγὼν διορθοῦται σπουδαίως, ὑπὲρ τούτου σφόδρα καὶ αὐτοῖς εὐτόνως ἐπισκήπτων. Τί γάρ φησιν; Ὑμεῖς δὲ μὴ κληθῆτε Ῥαββί. Εἶτα καὶ ἡ αἰτία: Εἷς γὰρ ὑμῶν ἐστιν ὁ Διδάσκαλος: πάντες δὲ ὑμεῖς ἀδελφοί ἐστε: καὶ οὐδὲν ἕτερος ἑτέρου πλέον ἔχει, κατὰ τὸ μηδὲν εἰδέναι παρ' ἑαυτοῦ. Διὸ καὶ Παῦλος λέγει: Τίς γάρ ἐστι Παῦλος, τίς δὲ Ἀπολλὼς, τίς δὲ Κηφᾶς, ἀλλ' ἢ διάκονοι; Οὐκ εἶπε, Διδάσκαλοι. Καὶ πάλιν: Μὴ καλέσητε πατέρα: οὐχ ἵνα μὴ καλέσωσιν, ἀλλ' ἵνα εἰδῶσιν ὃν κυρίως πατέρα καλεῖν χρή. Καθάπερ γὰρ ὁ διδάσκαλος οὐκ ἔστι διδάσκαλος προηγουμένως: οὕτως οὐδὲ ὁ πατήρ. Ἐκεῖνος γὰρ πάντων αἴτιος, καὶ τῶν διδασκάλων, καὶ τῶν πατέρων. Καὶ πάλιν ἐπάγει: Μηδὲ κληθῆτε καθηγηταί: εἷς γὰρ ὑμῶν ἐστι καθηγητὴς, ὁ Χριστός: καὶ οὐκ εἶπεν, Ἐγώ. Ὥσπερ ἀνωτέρω εἶπε, Τί ὑμῖν δοκεῖ περὶ τοῦ Χριστοῦ; καὶ οὐκ εἶπε, Περὶ ἐμοῦ: οὕτω καὶ ἐνταῦθα. Ἀλλ' ἡδέως ἂν ἐροίμην ἐνταῦθα, τί ἂν εἴποιεν οἱ τὸ Εἷς καὶ Εἷς πολλάκις ἁρμόζοντες τῷ Πατρὶ μόνῳ, ἐπὶ ἀθετήσει τοῦ Μονογενοῦς. Καθηγητὴς ὁ Πατήρ; Ἅπαντες ἂν εἴποιεν, καὶ οὐδεὶς ἀντερεῖ. Καὶ μὴν εἷς, φησὶν, ἐστὶν ὁ καθηγητὴς ὑμῶν, ὁ Χριστός. Ὥσπερ οὖν εἷς καθηγητὴς λεγόμενος ὁ Χριστὸς οὐκ ἐκβάλλει τὸν Πατέρα τοῦ εἶναι καθηγητήν: οὕτω καὶ εἷς διδάσκαλος λεγόμενος ὁ Πατὴρ οὐκ ἐκβάλλει τὸν Υἱὸν τοῦ εἶναι διδάσκαλον. Τὸ γὰρ Εἷς καὶ Εἷς πρὸς ἀντιδιαστολὴν τῶν ἀνθρώπων εἴρηται, καὶ τῆς λοιπῆς κτίσεως. Ἀπαγορεύσας τοίνυν αὐτοῖς τὸ χαλεπὸν τοῦτο νόσημα καὶ διορθωσάμενος, παιδεύει καὶ πῶς ἂν αὐτὸ διαφύγοιεν: διὰ ταπεινοφροσύνης. Διὸ καὶ ἐπάγει: Ὁ δὲ μείζων ὑμῶν ἔσται ὑμῶν διάκονος. Ὅστις γὰρ ὑψώσει ἑαυτὸν, ταπεινωθήσεται: καὶ ὅστις ταπεινώσει ἑαυτὸν, ὑψωθήσεται. Οὐδὲν γὰρ τοῦ μετριάζειν ἴσον: διὸ καὶ συνεχῶς αὐτοὺς ὑπομιμνήσκει ταύτης τῆς ἀρετῆς, καὶ ὅτε τὰ παιδία εἰς μέσον ἤγαγε, καὶ νῦν: καὶ ἀρχόμενος ἐπὶ τοῦ ὄρους τῶν μακαρισμῶν, ἐντεῦθεν ἤρξατο: καὶ ἐνταῦθα πρόῤῥιζον αὐτὸ ἀνασπᾷ ἐντεῦθεν λέγων: Ὁ ταπεινῶν ἑαυτὸν, ὑψωθήσεται. Εἶδες πῶς ἐκ διαμέτρου πρὸς τοὐναντίον ἀπάγει τὸν ἀκροατήν; Οὐ γὰρ δὴ μόνον τῶν πρωτείων ἐρᾷν κωλύει, ἀλλὰ καὶ τὰ ἔσχατα διώκειν. Οὕτω γὰρ τεύξῃ τῆς ἐπιθυμίας, φησί. Διὸ χρὴ τῶν πρωτείων τὴν ἐπιθυμίαν διώκοντα, τὴν ἐσχάτην διώκειν τάξιν. Ὃς γὰρ ἂν ταπεινώσῃ ἑαυτὸν, ὑψωθήσεται. Καὶ ποῦ τὴν ταπεινοφροσύνην ταύτην εὑρήσομεν; Βούλεσθε πάλιν ἐπὶ τὴν πόλιν τῆς ἀρετῆς ἴωμεν, τὰς τῶν ἁγίων σκηνὰς, τὰ ὄρη λέγω, καὶ τὰς νάπας; Καὶ γὰρ ἐκεῖ τὸ ὕψος τῆς ταπεινοφροσύνης ὀψόμεθα τοῦτο. Ἄνθρωποι γὰρ οἱ μὲν ἀπὸ τῶν ἔξωθεν ἀξιωμάτων, οἱ δὲ καὶ ἀπὸ χρημάτων ὄντες λαμπροὶ, πάντοθεν ἑαυτοὺς καταστέλλουσιν, ἀπὸ τῆς ἐσθῆτος, ἀπὸ τῆς οἰκίας, ἀπὸ τῶν διακονουμένων: καὶ καθάπερ ἐν γράμμασι διὰ πάντων τὴν ταπεινοφροσύνην γράφουσι. Καὶ ἅπερ ἐστὶν ὑπεκκαύματα ἀλαζονείας, τὸ καλῶς ἀμφιέννυσθαι, καὶ τὸ λαμπρῶς οἰκοδομεῖν, καὶ τὸ πολλοὺς ἔχειν διακόνους, ἃ καὶ ἄκοντας πολλάκις εἰς ἀλαζονείαν ἐμβάλλει, ταῦτα ἐκεῖ ἅπαντα ἀνῄρηται. Καὶ αὐτοὶ καίουσι πῦρ, αὐτοὶ διακλῶσι ξύλα, αὐτοὶ ἕψουσιν, αὐτοὶ τοῖς ἐρχομένοις διακονοῦνται. Οὐκ ἔστιν ὑβρίζοντος ἀκοῦσαί τινος ἐκεῖ, οὐδὲ ὑβριζόμενον ἰδεῖν, οὐδὲ ἐπιταττόμενον, οὐδὲ ἐπιτάττοντα: ἀλλὰ πάντες τῶν διακονουμένων εἰσι, καὶ ἕκαστος τοὺς πόδας νίπτει τῶν ξένων, καὶ πολλὴ περὶ τούτου μάχη. Καὶ ποιεῖ τοῦτο, οὐκ ἐξετάζων ὅστις ἐστὶν, οὔτε εἰ δοῦλος, οὔτε εἰ ἐλεύθερος: ἀλλ' ἐπὶ παντὸς τὴν διακονίαν ταύτην πληροῖ. Οὐδεὶς ἐκεῖ οὐ μέγας, οὐδὲ μικρός. Τί οὖν; σύγχυσις; Μὴ γένοιτο: ἀλλ' ἡ πρώτη εὐταξία. Κἂν γὰρ ᾖ τις μικρὸς, ὁ μέγας οὐχ ὁρᾷ τοῦτο, ἀλλὰ καὶ ἐκείνου πάλιν καταδεέστερον ἑαυτὸν εἶναι νενόμικε, καὶ ταύτῃ γίνεται μείζων. Μία τράπεζα πᾶσι, καὶ τοῖς διακονουμένοις, καὶ τοῖς διακονοῦσι, τὰ αὐτὰ ἐδέσματα, τὰ αὐτὰ ἐνδύματα, τὰ αὐτὰ οἰκήματα, ἡ αὐτὴ δίαιτα. Μέγας ἐκεῖ ὁ τὸ εὐτελὲς ἔργον ἁρπάζων. Οὐκ ἔστι τὸ Ἐμὸν καὶ τὸ Σόν: ἀλλ' ἐξώρισται τοῦτο τὸ ῥῆμα, τὸ μυρίων αἴτιον πολέμων. δʹ. Καὶ τί θαυμάζεις, εἰ δίαιτα καὶ τράπεζα καὶ στολὴ μία πᾶσιν, ὅπου γε καὶ ψυχὴ μία πᾶσιν, οὐ κατὰ τὴν οὐσίαν μόνον (τοῦτο γὰρ καὶ ἐπὶ πάντων), ἀλλὰ κατὰ τὴν ἀγάπην; πῶς οὖν ἂν αὐτὴ καθ' ἑαυτῆς ἐπαρθείη ποτέ; Οὐκ ἔστιν ἐκεῖ πενία καὶ πλοῦτος, δόξα καὶ ἀτιμία: πῶς οὖν ἂν εὕροι παρείσδυσιν ἀπόνοια καὶ ἀλαζονεία; Εἰσὶ μὲν γὰρ καὶ μικροὶ καὶ μεγάλοι κατὰ τὸν τῆς ἀρετῆς λόγον: ἀλλ' ὅπερ ἔφην, οὐδεὶς τοῦτο ὁρᾷ. Ὁ μικρὸς οὐκ ἀλγεῖ ὡς καταφρονούμενος: οὔτε γὰρ ὁ καταφρονῶν τίς ἐστι: κἂν διαπτύσῃ δέ τις, τοῦτο μάλιστα παιδεύονται, καταφρονεῖσθαι, διαπτύεσθαι, ἐξευτελίζεσθαι, διὰ ῥημάτων, διὰ πραγμάτων: καὶ πτωχοῖς καὶ ἀναπήροις συναναστρέφονται, καὶ αἱ τράπεζαι αὐτοῖς τούτων γέμουσι τῶν δαιτυμόνων: διὰ δὴ τοῦτο καὶ τῶν οὐρανῶν εἰσιν ἄξιοι. Καὶ ὁ μὲν θεραπεύει τραύματα τῶν λώβην ἐχόντων, ὁ δὲ χειραγωγεῖ τὸν τυφλὸν, ὁ δὲ βαστάζει τὸν τὸ σκέλος πεπηρωμένον. Οὐκ ἔνι κολάκων ἐκεῖ πλῆθος, οὐδὲ παρασίτων: μᾶλλον δὲ οὐδὲ ὅ τί ποτέ ἐστι κολακεία ἴσασι: πόθεν οὖν ἂν ἐπαρθεῖέν ποτε; Καὶ γὰρ πολλὴ παρ' αὐτοῖς ἰσότης: διὸ καὶ εὐκολία πολλὴ τῆς ἀρετῆς. Καὶ γὰρ τούτοις μᾶλλον οἱ καταδεέστεροι παιδεύονται, ἢ εἰ ἀναγκάζοιντο αὐτοῖς παραχωρεῖν τῶν πρωτείων. Ὥσπερ γὰρ τὸν θρασὺν ὁ πληττόμενος καὶ παραχωρῶν παιδεύει: οὕτω τὸν φιλότιμον ὁ μὴ ἀντιποιούμενος δόξης, ἀλλὰ καταφρονῶν. Τοῦτο δὲ μετὰ δαψιλείας ἐκεῖ ποιοῦσι: καὶ ὅση μάχη παρ' ἡμῖν ὑπὲρ τοῦ τυχεῖν τῶν πρωτείων, τοσοῦτος ἀγὼν παρ' ἐκείνοις ὑπὲρ τοῦ μὴ τυχεῖν, ἀλλὰ διακρούσασθαι, καὶ πολλὴ σπουδὴ, τίς πλεονεκτήσει τιμῶν, ἀλλ' οὐ τιμώμενος. Ἄλλως δὲ καὶ αὐτὰ τὰ ἔργα μετριάζειν πείθει, καὶ οὐκ ἀφίησι φλεγμαίνειν. Τίς γὰρ, εἰπέ μοι, γῆν σκάπτων καὶ ἄρδων καὶ φυτεύων, ἢ πλέκων σπυρίδας, καὶ σάκκον ὑφαίνων, ἢ ἄλλα τινὰ μεταχειρίζων, μέγα φρονήσει ποτέ; τίς δὲ πενίᾳ συζῶν, καὶ λιμῷ παλαίων, τοῦτο νοσήσει τὸ νόσημα; Οὐκ ἔστιν οὐδείς. Διὰ τοῦτο εὔκολος αὐτοῖς ἡ ταπεινοφροσύνη. Καὶ ὥσπερ ἐνταῦθα χαλεπὸν τὸ μετριάζειν διὰ τὸ πλῆθος τῶν κροτούντων καὶ θαυμαζόντων: οὕτως ἐκεῖ σφόδρα εὔκολον. Καὶ γὰρ τῇ ἐρημίᾳ προσέχει μόνον ἐκεῖνος, καὶ ὄρνιθας ἱπταμένας ὁρᾷ, καὶ δένδρα σειόμενα, καὶ ζέφυρον πνέοντα, καὶ ῥύακας διὰ φαράγγων φερομένους. Πόθεν οὖν ἂν ἐπαρθείη ὁ ἐρημίᾳ τοσαύτῃ συζῶν; Οὐ μὴν διὰ τοῦτο ἀπολογίαν ἐντεῦθεν ἡμεῖς ἕξομεν, ἐπειδὴ ἐν μέσοις στρεφόμενοι μέγα φρονοῦμεν. Καὶ γὰρ ὁ Ἀβραὰμ μεταξὺ Χαναναίων ὢν ἔλεγεν: Ἐγὼ δέ εἰμι γῆ καὶ σποδός: καὶ ὁ Δαυῒδ ἐν μέσοις στρατοπέδοις, Ἐγὼ δέ εἰμι σκώληξ, καὶ οὐκ ἄνθρωπος: καὶ ὁ Ἀπόστολος ἐν μέσῃ τῇ οἰκουμένῃ: Οὐκ εἰμὶ ἱκανὸς καλεῖσθαι ἀπόστολος. Ποία τοίνυν ἡμῖν ἔσται παραμυθία, ποία δὲ ἀπολογία, ὅταν μηδὲ τοσαῦτα ἔχοντες παραδείγματα μετριάζωμεν; Ὥσπερ γὰρ ἐκεῖνοι μυρίων στεφάνων ἄξιοι, πρῶτοι τῆς ἀρετῆς τὴν ὁδὸν ἐλθόντες: οὕτως ἡμεῖς μυρίων τιμωριῶν ὑπεύθυνοι, μηδὲ μετ' ἐκείνους τοὺς ἀπελθόντας καὶ ἐν τοῖς γράμμασι κειμένους, μηδὲ μετὰ τούτους τοὺς ζῶντας καὶ διὰ τῶν πραγμάτων θαυμαζομένους, ἐπὶ τὸν ἴσον ἑλκόμενοι ζῆλον. Τί γὰρ ἂν ἔχοις εἰπεῖν, μὴ διορθούμενος; Οὐκ οἶσθα γράμματα, οὐδὲ Γραφαῖς ἐνέκυψας, ἵνα μάθῃς τῶν παλαιῶν τὰς ἀρετάς; Μάλιστα μὲν καὶ τοῦτο ἔγκλημα, τῆς ἐκκλησίας διηνεκῶς ἀνεῳγμένης, μὴ εἰσιέναι καὶ μετέχειν τῶν καθαρῶν ἐκείνων ναμάτων. Πλὴν ἀλλ' εἰ καὶ τοὺς ἀπελθόντας οὐκ ἔγνως διὰ τῶν Γραφῶν, τοὺς ζῶντας τούτους ἰδεῖν ἐχρῆν. Ἀλλ' οὐδεὶς ὁ χειραγωγῶν; Ἐλθὲ πρός με, καὶ ἐγώ σοι δείξω τὰ καταγώγια τῶν ἁγίων τούτων: ἐλθὲ, καὶ μάθε τί παρ' αὐτῶν χρήσιμον. Λύχνοι πανταχοῦ τῆς γῆς εἰσιν οὗτοι λάμποντες: τείχη ταῖς πόλεσι περικάθηνται. Διὰ ταῦτα τὰς ἐρημίας κατέλαβον, ἵνα καὶ σὲ παιδεύσωσι τῶν ἐν τῷ μέσῳ θορύβων καταφρονεῖν. Οἱ μὲν γὰρ, ἅτε ἰσχυροὶ ὄντες, καὶ ἐν μέσῳ τῷ κλύδωνι δύνανται γαλήνης ἀπολαύειν: σοὶ δὲ τῷ περιαντλουμένῳ πανταχόθεν ἡσυχίας δεῖ, καὶ τοῦ μικρὸν ἀναπνεῦσαι ἐκ τῶν ἐπαλλήλων κυμάτων. Βάδιζε τοίνυν ἐκεῖ συνεχῶς, ἵνα τὴν διηνεκῆ κηλῖδα καθάρας ταῖς ἐκείνων εὐχαῖς καὶ παραινέσεσι, καὶ τὸν ἐνταῦθα ἄριστα διαγάγῃς βίον, καὶ τῶν μελλόντων ἐπιτύχῃς ἀγαθῶν, χάριτι καὶ φιλανθρωπίᾳ τοῦ Κυρίου ἡμῶν Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ, δι' οὗ καὶ μεθ' οὗ τῷ Πατρὶ δόξα, κράτος, τιμὴ, ἅμα τῷ ἁγίῳ Πνεύματι, νῦν καὶ ἀεὶ καὶ εἰς τοὺς αἰῶνας τῶν αἰώνων. Ἀμήν.