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THEOPHILUS TO AUTOLYCUS

A talkative mouth, then, and eloquent speech afford pleasure and praise for the sake of vain glory to wretched men whose mind is corrupt; but the lover of truth does not pay attention to polluted words, but examines the deed of the word, what and of what kind it is. Since, therefore, O friend, you have assailed me with empty words, boasting in your gods of stone and wood, hammered and cast and molded and painted, which neither see nor hear (for they are idols and the works of men's hands), and moreover you say that I am a Christian, as though bearing an evil name, I for my part confess to be a Christian, and I bear this God-beloved name, hoping to be useful to God. For the name of God is not a grievous thing, as you suppose; but perhaps you yourself, being useless to God, think thus about God. But if you should say, "Show me your God," I in turn might say to you, "Show me your man, and I will show you my God." So show that the eyes of your soul can see, and the ears of your heart can hear. For just as those who see with the eyes of the body perceive the affairs of this life and of the earth, at the same time distinguishing the differences between things, that is, light or darkness, or white or black, or ugly or beautiful, or rhythmic and well-proportioned or unrhythmic and ill-proportioned or excessive or stunted, and likewise also things that fall under hearing, either high-pitched or low-pitched or sweet-sounding, so too one may have ears of the heart and eyes of the soul able to behold God. For God is seen by those who are able to see him, whenever they have the eyes of their soul opened. For all have eyes, but some have them covered with a film and do not see the light of the sun. And it is not because the blind do not see that the light of the sun is not shining, but let the blind blame themselves and their own eyes. So also you, O man, have the eyes of your soul covered with a film by your sins and your evil deeds. Just as a mirror must be polished, so must a man have a pure soul. Whenever, then, there is rust on the mirror, the face of a man cannot be seen in the mirror; so also when there is sin in a man, such a man cannot behold God. Show yourself, therefore, whether you are not an adulterer, whether you are not a fornicator, whether you are not a thief, whether you are not a robber, whether you are not a swindler, whether you are not a sodomite, whether you are not insolent, whether you are not a reviler, whether not wrathful, whether not envious, whether not boastful, whether not haughty, whether not a striker, whether not a lover of money, whether not disobedient to parents, whether you do not sell your children. For to those who do these things God does not reveal himself, unless they first cleanse themselves from every defilement. And so all things are dark to you, just as when a film of matter forms on the eyes, preventing them from being able to gaze at the light of the sun; so also for you, O man, your impieties cast a shadow, preventing you from being able to see God.

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ΘEOΦIΛOΥ ΠΡOΣ AΥΤOΛΥΚOΝ

Στωμύλον μὲν οὖν στόμα καὶ φράσις εὐεπὴς τέρψιν παρέχει καὶ ἔπαινον πρὸς κενὴν δόξαν ἀθλίοις ἀνθρώποις ἔχουσι τὸν νοῦν κατε- φθαρμένον· ὁ δὲ τῆς ἀληθείας ἐραστὴς οὐ προσέχει λόγοις μεμιαμ- μένοις, ἀλλὰ ἐξετάζει τὸ ἔργον τοῦ λόγου τί καὶ ὁποῖόν ἐστιν. ἐπειδὴ οὖν, ὦ ἑταῖρε, κατέπληξάς με λόγοις κενοῖς καυχησάμενος ἐν τοῖς θεοῖς σου τοῖς λιθίνοις καὶ ξυλίνοις, ἐλατοῖς τε καὶ χωνευτοῖς καὶ πλαστοῖς καὶ γραπτοῖς, οἳ οὔτε βλέπουσιν οὔτε ἀκούουσιν (εἰσὶ γὰρ εἴδωλα καὶ ἔργα χειρῶν ἀνθρώπων), ἔτι δὲ φῄς με καὶ χριστιανὸν ὡς κακὸν τοὔνομα φοροῦντα, ἐγὼ μὲν οὖν ὁμολογῶ εἶναι χριστιανός, καὶ φορῶ τὸ θεοφιλὲς ὄνομα τοῦτο ἐλπίζων εὔχρηστος εἶναι τῷ θεῷ. οὐ γὰρ ὡς σὺ ὑπολαμβάνεις, χαλεπὸν εἶναι τοὔνομα τοῦ θεοῦ, οὕτως ἔχει· ἴσως δὲ ἔτι αὐτὸς σὺ ἄχρηστος ὢν τῷ θεῷ περὶ τοῦ θεοῦ οὕτως φρονεῖς. Ἀλλὰ καὶ ἐὰν φῇς· "∆εῖξόν μοι τὸν θεόν σου", κἀγώ σοι εἴποιμι ἄν· "∆εῖξόν μοι τὸν ἄνθρωπόν σου κἀγώ σοι δείξω τὸν θεόν μου." ἐπεὶ δεῖξον βλέποντας τοὺς ὀφθαλμοὺς τῆς ψυχῆς σου, καὶ τὰ ὦτα τῆς καρδίας σου ἀκούοντα. ὥσπερ γὰρ οἱ βλέποντες τοῖς ὀφθαλμοῖς τοῦ σώματος κατανοοῦσι τὴν τοῦ βίου καὶ ἐπίγειον πραγματείαν, ἅμα δοκιμάζοντες τὰ διαφέροντα, ἤτοι φῶς ἢ σκότος, ἢ λευκὸν ἢ μέλαν, ἢ ἀειδὲς ἢ εὔμορφον, ἢ εὔρυθμον καὶ εὔμετρον ἢ ἄρυθμον καὶ ἄμετρον ἢ ὑπέρμετρον ἢ κόλουρον, ὁμοίως δὲ καὶ τὰ ὑπ' ἀκοὴν πίπτοντα, ἢ ὀξύφωνα ἢ βαρύφωνα ἢ ἡδύφωνα, οὕτως ἔχοι ἂν καὶ περὶ τὰ ὦτα τῆς καρδίας καὶ τοὺς ὀφθαλμοὺς τοὺς τῆς ψυχῆς δύνασθαι θεὸν θεάσασθαι. βλέπεται γὰρ θεὸς τοῖς δυναμένοις αὐτὸν ὁρᾶν, ἔπαν ἔχωσι τοὺς ὀφθαλμοὺς ἀνεῳγμένους τῆς ψυχῆς. πάντες μὲν γὰρ ἔχουσι τοὺς ὀφθαλμούς, ἀλλὰ ἔνιοι ὑποκεχυμένους καὶ μὴ βλέποντας τὸ φῶς τοῦ ἡλίου. καὶ οὐ παρὰ τὸ μὴ βλέπειν τοὺς τυφλοὺς ἤδη καὶ οὐκ ἔστιν τὸ φῶς τοῦ ἡλίου φαῖνον, ἀλλὰ ἑαυτοὺς αἰτιάσθωσαν οἱ τυφλοὶ καὶ τοὺς ἑαυτῶν ὀφθαλμούς. οὕτως καὶ σύ, ὦ ἄνθρωπε, ἔχεις ὑποκεχυμένους τοὺς ὀφθαλμοὺς τῆς ψυχῆς σου ὑπὸ τῶν ἁμαρτημάτων καὶ τῶν πράξεών σου τῶν πονηρῶν. Ὥσπερ ἔσοπτρον ἐστιλβωμένον, οὕτως δεῖ τὸν ἄνθρωπον ἔχειν καθαρὰν ψυχήν. ἔπαν οὖν ᾖ ἰὸς ἐν τῷ ἐσόπτρῳ, οὐ δύναται ὁρᾶσθαι τὸ πρόσωπον τοῦ ἀνθρώπου ἐν τῷ ἐσόπτρῳ· οὕτως καὶ ὅταν ᾖ ἁμαρτία ἐν τῷ ἀνθρώπῳ, οὐ δύναται ὁ τοιοῦτος ἄνθρωπος θεωρεῖν τὸν θεόν. δεῖξον οὖν καὶ σὺ σεαυτόν, εἰ οὐκ εἶ μοιχός, εἰ οὐκ εἶ πόρνος, εἰ οὐκ εἶ κλέπτης, εἰ οὐκ εἶ ἅρπαξ, εἰ οὐκ εἶ ἀποστερητής, εἰ οὐκ εἶ ἀρσενοκοίτης, εἰ οὐκ εἶ ὑβριστής, εἰ οὐκ εἶ λοίδορος, εἰ οὐκ ὀργίλος, εἰ οὐ φθονερός, εἰ οὐκ ἀλαζών, εἰ οὐχ ὑπερόπτης, εἰ οὐ πλήκτης, εἰ οὐ φιλάργυρος, εἰ οὐ γονεῦσιν ἀπειθής, εἰ οὐ τὰ τέκνα σου πωλεῖς. τοῖς γὰρ ταῦτα πράσσουσιν ὁ θεὸς οὐκ ἐμφανίζεται, ἐὰν μὴ πρῶτον ἑαυτοὺς καθαρίσωσιν ἀπὸ παντὸς μολυσμοῦ. Καὶ σοὶ οὖν ἅπαντα ἐπισκοτεῖ, καθάπερ ὕλης ἐπιφορὰ ἐπὰν γένηται τοῖς ὀφθαλμοῖς πρὸς τὸ μὴ δύνασθαι ἀτενίσαι τὸ φῶς τοῦ ἡλίου· οὕτως καὶ σοί, ὦ ἄνθρωπε, ἐπισκοτοῦσιν αἱ ἀσέβειαι πρὸς τὸ μὴ δύνασθαί σε ὁρᾶν τὸν θεόν.