GREGORY PALAMAS' TWO APODEICTIC TREATISES CONCERNING THE PROCESSION OF THE HOLY SPIRIT
mind, and that the Spirit proceeds from another because of your ignorance concerning 'alone'?
It is said and not from Him, but with Him, begotten from the Father, and the Spirit proceeds.
Holy Spirit. But those who connect or make pretexts first refute each,
Sixth Inscription. Since there are some who say that 'proceeds' and 'is poured forth' and
EPISTLE 1 TO AKINDYNOS (p. 398)
But O God of all, the only giver and guardian of true theology and of the dogmas and words according to it, the only most monarchical Trinity, not only because you alone rule all, but because you alone have in yourself one single super-princely principle, the only uncaused monad, from which proceed and to which are brought back without time and without cause both the Son and the Spirit, the Holy Spirit, the Lord, who has existence by procession from God the Father, and through the Son is given and sent and made manifest to those who rightly believe in you; O only-begotten Son, who has existence by generation from God the Father and through the Holy Spirit is formed in and dwells in the hearts of those who believe in you and is seen invisibly; O unbegotten and unproceeding Father alone, and, to speak comprehensively, uncaused, the only father of the unproceeding and co-honored lights with you, one might, one power, the creator of the created and the lights under your hand, the giver of all knowledge, who brought forth multiform ideas of things knowable and known and suitably and naturally placed knowledge in those who know, for the noetic, simple and impassible thoughts, for the sensible, multipartite and passible sensations, and for us who are mixed, both; you who also grant the knowledge of yourself as far as possible only to your rational creatures with ineffable goodness, grant also to us now to theologize pleasingly to you and in harmony with those who from eternity have pleased you in deed and word; so that we may both refute those who do not theologize of you in a manner pleasing to God, and may establish in the truth those who seek you in truth, so that we all may know you as one single fount of divinity, the only Father and producer, (p. 74) and your one Son and only Son, but not also a producer, and your one Holy Spirit, and only a production, but not also a creature; and we might glorify one God, in one and simple, but rich, so to speak, and unconfined divinity, and we might be glorified in return by you in a rich deification and a triply-luminous outpouring of light, now and unto the incomprehensible ages. Amen.
This prayer is common to all who venerate one principle. But what do you say, you who speak of two principles in the divinity? For what if you do not say this openly, but it is inferred from what you do say? Such are the deep things of Satan, the mysteries of the evil one, which he whispers to those who give him their ears, not slackening and overpowering the tone of his voice, but concealing the harmfulness of the thought. Thus also to Eve, as I suppose, he whispered.
But we, having been taught by the God-inspired wisdom of the Fathers not to be ignorant of his thoughts, with the principle being for the most part hidden to the many, would never accept you as communicants as long as you say the Spirit is also from the Son.
For by speaking thus, do you not openly persist in adding, first, to the revelatory theology concerning the holy and worshipful Spirit of Christ the Truth-in-himself, who, being pre-eternal God, for our sake also became a theologian, who, being truth itself, through love for mankind has appeared to us as a herald of the truth, who for this reason came into the world, that he might bear witness to the truth, whose true voice everyone who is of the truth and seeks it in truth, heeds?
Therefore, do you not, first, oppose him who was the very first of all to theologize in this way (“For the Spirit of truth,” he says, “who proceeds from the Father”), then his disciples and apostles who became eyewitnesses (p.76) and ear-witnesses, or rather, before these, even the Holy Spirit himself, who also came according to the promise given to them by the Savior, who also taught them all things, who did not teach this, that he proceeds not from the Father alone, but also from the Son? For if he had taught them so, they would have likewise taught us.
Ἀλλ᾿ ὦ Θεέ τοῦ παντός, ὁ μόνος δοτήρ καί φύλαξ τῆς ἀληθινῆς θεολογίας καί τῶν κατ᾿ αὐτήν δογμάτων καί ρημάτων, ἡ μόνη μοναρχικωτάτη τριάς, οὐ μόνον ὅτι μόνη τοῦ παντός ἄρχεις, ἀλλ᾿ ὅτι καί μίαν ἐν σεαυτῇ μόνην ἔχεις ὑπεράρχιον ἀρχήν, τήν μόνην ἀναίτιον μονάδα, ἐξ ἧς προάγεσθον καί εἰς ἥν ἀνάγεσθον ἀχρόνως καί ἀναιτίως ὁ Υἱός τε καί τό Πνεῦμα, Πνεῦμα τό ἅγιον, τό κύριον, τό ἐκ Θεοῦ Πατρός ἐκπορευτῶς τήν ὕπαρξιν ἔχον, καί δι᾿ Υἱοῦ τοῖς ὀρθῶς πιστεύουσιν εἰς σέ καί διδόμενον καί πεμπόμενον καί φαινόμενον˙ Υἱέ μονογενές, ἐκ Θεοῦ Πατρός γεννητῶς τήν ὕπαρξιν ἔχων καί διά τοῦ ἁγίου Πνεύματος ταῖς καρδίαις τῶν εἰς σέ πιστευόντων ἐμμορφούμενος καί ἐνοικῶν καί ἀοράτως ὁρώμενος˙ Πάτερ ἀγέννητε μόνε καί ἀνεκπόρευτε, καί, τό σύμπαν εἰπεῖν, ἀναίτιε, ὁ μόνος πατήρ τῶν ἀνεκφοιτήτων καί ὁμοτίμων σοι φώτων, ἕν κράτος, μία δύναμις, ἡ δημιουργός τῶν ποιητῶν καί ὑπό χεῖρά σοι φώτων, ἡ πάσης γνώσεως δότειρα, ἡ πολυειδεῖς ἰδέας παραγαγοῦσα γνωστικῶν τε καί γνωστῶν καί καταλλήλως τοῖς γινώσκουσι καί φυσικῶς ἐνθεῖσα τάς γνώσεις, τοῖς μέν νοεροῖς ἁπλᾶς καί ἀπαθεῖς νοήσεις, τοῖς δέ αἰσθητικοῖς πολυμερεῖς καί παθητάς αἰσθήσεις, τοῖς δέ μικτοῖς ἡμῖν ἀμφότερα˙ ἡ καί τήν περί σοῦ κατά τό ἐγχωροῦν γνῶσιν μόνοις τοῖς λογικοῖς σου κτίσμασιν ἀφάτῳ χρηστότητι χαριζομένη, δός καί ἡμῖν ἀρτίως εὐαρέστως σοι θεολογῆσαι καί τοῖς ἀπ᾿ αἰῶνος ἔργῳ σοι καί λόγῳ εὐαρεστήσασι συμφώνως˙ ὡς ἄν καί τούς μή θεαρέστως σε θεολογοῦντας ἀπελέγξωμεν, καί τούς ἐν ἀληθείᾳ σε ζητοῦντας πρός τήν ἀλήθειαν στηρίξωμεν, ἵνα σε γινώσκωμεν πάντες μίαν μόνην πηγαίαν θεότητα, τόν μόνον Πατέρα τε καί προβολέα, (σελ. 74) καί σοῦ Υἱόν ἕνα καί Υἱόν μόνον, ἀλλ᾿ οὐχί καί προβολέα, καί σόν ἕν Πνεῦμα ἅγιον, καί πρόβλημα μόνον, ἀλλ᾿ οὐχί καί ποίημα˙ καί δοξάζοιμεν ἕνα Θεόν, ἐν μιᾷ μέν καί ἁπλῇ, πλουσίᾳ δ᾿ , ἵν᾿ οὕτως εἴπω, καί ἀστενοχωρήτω θεότητι, καί ἀντιδοξαζοίμεθα παρά σοῦ ἐν πλουσίᾳ θεώσει καί τρισσοφαεῖ φωτοχυσίᾳ, νῦν καί εἰς τούς ἀκαταλήπτους αἰῶνας. Ἀμήν.
Κοινή μέν ἥδε ἡ εὐχή πᾶσι τοῖς μίαν σέβουσιν ἀρχήν. Ὑμεῖς δέ τί φατε οἱ τάς δύο λέγοντες ἐπί τῆς θεότητος ἀρχάς; Τί γάρ, εἰ μή φανερῶς τοῦτο λέγετε, ἀλλ᾿ ἐξ ὧν λέγετε τοῦτο συνάγεται; Τοιαῦτα τά βαθέα τοῦ Σατανᾶ, τά τοῦ πονηροῦ μυστήρια, ἅ τοῖς ὑπέχουσιν αὐτῷ τά ὦτα ψιθυρίζει οὐ χαλῶν καί ὑπεκκλύων τόν τόνον τῆς φωνῆς, ἀλλά τό βλαβερόν ὑποκρύπτων τοῦ νοήματος. Οὕτως καί τῇ Εὔᾳ, ὡς ἐγᾦμαι, ἐψιθύρισεν.
Ἀλλ᾿ ἐμεῖς διδαχθέντες ὑπό τῆς θεοσοφίας τῶν Πατέρων αὐτοῦ τά νοήματα μή ἀγνοεῖν, ἀφανῆ τήν ἀρχήν ὡς ἐπίπαν τοῖς πολλοῖς τυγχάνοντα, οὐδέποτ᾿ ἄν ὑμᾶς κοινωνούς δεξαίμεθα μέχρις ἄν καί ἐκ τοῦ Υἱοῦ τό Πνεῦμα λέγητε.
Ἆρα γάρ οὕτω λέγοντες οὐ φανερῶς διατελεῖτε προστιθέντες πρῶτον μέν τῇ περί τοῦ ἁγίου καί προσκυνητοῦ Πνεύματος ἐκφαντορικῇ θεολογίᾳ τῆς αὐτοαληθείας Χριστοῦ, ὅς Θεός ὤν προαιώνιος δι᾿ ἡμᾶς καί θεολόγος ἐγεγόνει, ὅς αὐτόχρημα ὤν ἀλήθεια διά φιλανθρωπίαν κῆρυξ ἡμῖν ἀναπέφηνε τῆς ἀληθείας, ὅς διά τοῦτο εἰς τόν κόσμον ἦλθεν, ἵνα μαρτυρήσῃ τῇ ἀληθείᾳ, οὗ καί πᾶς ὁ ὤν ἐκ τῆς ἀληθείας καί ταύτην ἐν ἀληθείᾳ ζητῶν, ἐπαΐει τῆς ἀληθινῆς φωνῆς;
Ἆρ᾿ οὖν οὐ πρώτῳ μέν τούτῳ ἀντιπίπτετε τῷ καί πρώτῳ πάντων οὕτω θεολογήσαντι («τό Πνεῦμα γάρ, φησί, τῆς ἀληθείας, ὅ παρά τοῦ Πατρός ἐκπορεύεται»), ἔπειτα τοῖς αὐτόπταις (σελ.76) καί αὐτηκόοις γεγενημένοις μαθηταῖς καί ἀποστόλοις αὐτοῦ, μᾶλλον δέ πρό τούτων καί αὐτῷ τῷ ἁγίῳ Πνεύματι, ὅ καί ἦλθε κατά τήν δεδομένην ὑπό τοῦ Σωτῆρος αὐτοῖς ἐπαγγελίαν, ὅ καί ἐδίδαξεν αὐτούς τά πάντα, ὅ τοῦτο οὐκ ἐδίδαξεν ὡς οὐκ ἐκ μόνου τοῦ Πατρός ἐκπορεύεται τῶν φώτων, ἀλλά καί ἐκ τοῦ Υἰοῦ; Εἰ γάρ οὕτω τούτους ἐδίδαξε, καί ἡμᾶς ἄν οὗτοι ὁμοίως ἐδίδαξαν.