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will enjoy, as the clarity of the teaching works in you a greater disposition towards it. I have, therefore, three proofs to mention, through which we shall know for certain that this is the time at which our Lord Jesus Christ, God the Word, was born. And of these three, one proof is that the feast was so quickly proclaimed everywhere, and grew to such a height, and flourished; and what Gamaliel said about the preaching, that, If it is of men, it will be overthrown; but if it is of God, you cannot overthrow it, lest you even be found fighting against God; this I too would say confidently about this day, that, since God the Word is from God, for this reason it was not only not overthrown, but it also increases each year, and becomes more splendid; since the preaching also in a few years took over the whole inhabited world, although tentmakers, fishermen, unlettered, and common men were carrying it everywhere; but the lowliness of those ministering was no hindrance, as the power of what was preached was overcoming all things, removing hindrances, and showing its own strength.

2. But if any of the contentious would not accept what has been said, there is also a second

to mention. What is this one? The one from the census which is found in the Gospels. For it came to pass, says the evangelist, in those days, a decree went out from Caesar Augustus, that all the world should be registered. This registration first took place when Quirinius was governor of Syria. And all went to be registered, each to his own city. And Joseph also went up from Galilee, from the city of Nazareth, into Judea, to the city of David, which is called Bethlehem, because he was of the house and lineage of David, to be registered with Mary his betrothed wife, who was with 49.353 child. And it came to pass, while they were there, the days were completed for her to give birth; and she brought forth her firstborn son, and wrapped him in swaddling cloths, and laid him in a manger, because there was no room for them in the inn. From which it is clear, that he was born during the first registration. And it is possible for anyone who wishes, by consulting the ancient codices that are kept publicly in Rome and learning the time of the registration, to know precisely. What then, he says, is this to us, who are not there nor have been there? But listen, and do not disbelieve, that we have received the day from those who know these things accurately and who inhabit that city.

For those dwelling there, celebrating it from the beginning and from ancient tradition, have themselves now sent us the knowledge of it. For the evangelist did not simply mark this time, but so as to make the day clear and known to us, and to show the economy of God. For not from his own initiative, nor from himself did Augustus then send out this decree, but with God moving his soul, so that even unwillingly he might minister to the coming of the Only-Begotten. And how does this contribute to this economy, he says? Not a small thing, nor an ordinary one, beloved, but also something very great, and one of the necessary and important things. What is this? Galilee is a certain region in Palestine, and Nazareth is a city of Galilee. Again Judea is a certain region, so called by the inhabitants, and Bethlehem is a city of Judea. But all the prophets foretold that the Christ would come, not from Nazareth, but from Bethlehem, and would be born there. For thus it is written: And you, Bethlehem, land of Judah, are by no means least among the rulers of Judah; for out of you shall come a ruler, who will shepherd my people Israel. And the Jews who were then asked by Herod where the Christ was to be born, gave him this testimony.

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ἀπολαύσεται, τῆς κατὰ τὴν διδασκαλίαν σαφηνείας πλείονα τὴν περὶ αὐτὴν διάθεσιν ἐργαζομένης ὑμῖν. Ἔχω τοίνυν τρεῖς ἀποδείξεις εἰπεῖν, δι' ὧν εἰσόμεθα πάντως, ὅτι οὗτός ἐστιν ὁ καιρὸς, καθ' ὃν ὁ Κύριος ἡμῶν Ἰησοῦς Χριστὸς ὁ Θεὸς Λόγος ἐτέχθη. Καὶ τῶν τριῶν τούτων μία μὲν ἔστιν ἀπόδειξις, τὸ ταχέως οὕτω πανταχοῦ περιαγγελθῆναι, καὶ πρὸς ὕψος ἐπιδοῦναι τοσοῦτον, καὶ ἀνθῆσαι τὴν ἑορτήν· καὶ ὅπερ ὁ Γαμαλιὴλ ἔλεγε περὶ τοῦ κηρύγματος, ὅτι Εἰ ἔστιν ἐξ ἀνθρώπων, καταλυθήσεται, εἰ δὲ ἐκ Θεοῦ ἐστιν, οὐ δύνασθε καταλῦσαι αὐτὸ, μήποτε καὶ θεομάχοι εὑρεθῆτε· τοῦτο κἀγὼ περὶ τῆς ἡμέρας ταύτης εἴποιμι ἂν θαῤῥῶν, ὅτι, ἐπειδὴ ἐκ Θεοῦ Θεὸς Λόγος ἐστὶ, διὰ τοῦτο οὐ μόνον οὐ κατελύθη, ἀλλὰ καὶ καθ' ἕκαστον ἔτος ἐπιδίδωσι, καὶ λαμπροτέρα γίνεται· ἐπεὶ καὶ τὸ κήρυγμα ἐν ὀλίγοις ἔτεσι τὴν πᾶσαν κατέλαβεν οἰκουμένην, καίτοι σκηνοποιῶν, ἁλιέων, ἀγραμμάτων, ἰδιωτῶν πανταχοῦ διακομιζόντων αὐτό· ἀλλ' οὐδὲν ἔβλαπτεν ἡ τῶν διακονούντων εὐτέλεια, τῆς τοῦ κηρυττομένου δυνάμεως πάντα προκαταλαμβανούσης, καὶ τὰ κωλύματα ἀναιρούσης, καὶ τὴν οἰκείαν ἐπιδεικνυμένης ἰσχύν.

βʹ. Εἰ δέ τις τῶν φιλονείκων οὐκ ἀνέχοιτο τῶν εἰρημένων, ἔστι καὶ δευτέραν

εἰπεῖν. Ποίαν δὴ ταύτην; Τὴν ἀπὸ τῆς ἀπογραφῆς τῆς ἐν τοῖς Εὐαγγελίοις κειμένης. Ἐγένετο γὰρ, φησὶν ὁ εὐαγγελιστὴς, ἐν ταῖς ἡμέραις ἐκείναις, ἐξῆλθε δόγμα παρὰ Καίσαρος Αὐγούστου, ἀπογράφεσθαι πᾶσαν τὴν οἰκουμένην. Αὕτη ἡ ἀπογραφὴ πρώτη ἐγένετο ἡγεμονεύοντος τῆς Συρίας Κυρηνίου. Καὶ ἐπορεύοντο πάντες ἀπογράφεσθαι, ἕκαστος εἰς τὴν ἰδίαν πόλιν. Ἀνέβη δὲ καὶ Ἰωσὴφ ἀπὸ τῆς Γαλιλαίας, ἐκ πόλεως Ναζαρὲθ, εἰς τὴν Ἰουδαίαν, εἰς πόλιν ∆αυῒδ, ἥτις καλεῖται Βηθλεὲμ, διὰ τὸ εἶναι αὐτὸν ἐξ οἴκου καὶ πατριᾶς ∆αυῒδ, ἀπογράφεσθαι σὺν Μαριὰμ τῇ μεμνηστευμένῃ αὐτῷ γυναικὶ οὔσῃ ἐγ 49.353 κύῳ. Ἐγένετο δὲ ἐν τῷ εἶναι αὐτοὺς ἐκεῖ, ἐπλήσθησαν αἱ ἡμέραι τοῦ τεκεῖν αὐτήν· καὶ ἔτεκε τὸν υἱὸν αὑτῆς τὸν πρωτότοκον, καὶ ἐσπαργάνωσεν αὐτὸν, καὶ ἀνέκλινεν αὐτὸν ἐν τῇ φάτνῃ, διότι οὐκ ἦν αὐτοῖς τόπος ἐν τῷ καταλύματι. Ὅθεν δῆλον, ὅτι κατὰ τὴν πρώτην ἀπογραφὴν ἐτέχθη. Καὶ τοῖς ἀρχαίοις τοῖς δημοσίᾳ κειμένοις κώδιξιν ἐπὶ τῆς Ῥώμης ἔξεστιν ἐντυχόντα καὶ τὸν καιρὸν τῆς ἀπογραφῆς μαθόντα, ἀκριβῶς εἰδέναι τὸν βουλόμενον. Τί οὖν πρὸς ἡμᾶς, φησὶ, τοῦτο τοὺς οὐκ ὄντας ἐκεῖ οὔτε παραγενομένους; Ἀλλ' ἄκουε, καὶ μὴ ἀπίστει, ὅτι παρὰ τῶν ἀκριβῶς ταῦτα εἰδότων, καὶ τὴν πόλιν ἐκείνην οἰκούντων παρειλήφαμεν τὴν ἡμέραν.

Οἱ γὰρ ἐκεῖ διατρίβοντες, ἄνωθεν καὶ ἐκ παλαιᾶς παραδόσεως αὐτὴν ἐπιτελοῦντες, αὐτοὶ νῦν αὐτῆς ἡμῖν τὴν γνῶσιν διεπέμψαντο. Οὐδὲ γὰρ ὁ εὐαγγελιστὴς ἁπλῶς τὸν καιρὸν ἐπεσημήνατο τοῦτον, ἀλλ' ὥστε καὶ τὴν ἡμέραν ἡμῖν δήλην ποιῆσαι καὶ γνώριμον, καὶ τοῦ Θεοῦ τὴν οἰκονομίαν ἐνδείξασθαι. Οὐ γὰρ οἴκοθεν, οὐδὲ παρ' ἑαυτοῦ τότε ὁ Αὔγουστος τὸ δόγμα τοῦτο ἐξέπεμψεν, ἀλλὰ τοῦ Θεοῦ κινοῦντος αὐτοῦ τὴν ψυχὴν, ἵνα καὶ ἄκων ὑπηρετήσηται τῇ τοῦ Μονογενοῦς παρουσίᾳ. Καὶ τί τοῦτο συντελεῖ πρὸς τὴν οἰκονομίαν ταύτην, φησίν; Οὐ μικρὸν, οὐδὲ τὸ τυχὸν, ἀγαπητὲ, ἀλλὰ καὶ σφόδρα μέγα, καὶ τῶν ἀναγκαίων καὶ σπουδαζομένων ἕν. Ποῖον δὴ τοῦτο; Ἡ Γαλιλαία χώρα τίς ἐστιν ἐν Παλαιστίνῃ, ἡ δὲ Ναζαρὲθ πόλις τῆς Γαλιλαίας. Πάλιν ἡ Ἰουδαία χώρα τίς ἐστι, παρὰ τῶν ἐγχωρίων οὕτω καλουμένη, ἡ δὲ Βηθλεὲμ πόλις τῆς Ἰουδαίας. Τὸν δὲ Χριστὸν οἱ προφῆται προὔλεγον ἅπαντες, οὐκ ἀπὸ τῆς Ναζαρὲθ, ἀλλ' ἀπὸ τῆς Βηθλεὲμ ἥξειν, καὶ ἐκεῖ τεχθήσεσθαι. Οὕτω γὰρ γέγραπται· Καὶ σὺ Βηθλεὲμ, γῆ Ἰούδα, οὐδαμῶς ἐλαχίστη εἶ ἐν τοῖς ἡγεμόσιν Ἰούδα· ἐκ σοῦ γὰρ ἐξελεύσεται ἡγούμενος, ὅστις ποιμανεῖ τὸν λαόν μου τὸν Ἰσραήλ. Καὶ οἱ Ἰουδαῖοι οἱ τότε παρὰ τοῦ Ἡρώδου ἐρωτώμενοι, ποῦ ὁ Χριστὸς γεννᾶται, ταύτην εἶπον αὐτῷ τὴν μαρτυρίαν.