TO THE FELLOW PRESBYTER TIMOTHY, DIONYSIUS

 being illuminated super-cosmically by them for the hymns of the Godhead and being conformed to the sacred hymnologies, so as to see the divine lights

 For all knowledges are of things that are and have their limit in things that are, but It is beyond all essence and is removed from all knowledge. <5>

 <7> Thus, therefore, to the Cause of all and which is above all, both the nameless will apply and all the names of the things that are, so that it may

 the Father raises the dead and gives them life, so also the Son gives life to whom he will, and that It is the Spirit that gives life? That the ent

 to the one-principled Trinity also is common the super-essential existence, the super-divine divinity, the super-good goodness, the identity beyond al

 has partaken of the Word, unless someone might say according to the good-pleasing and man-loving common will and according to all the transcendent and

 Jesus, he says in his compiled Theological Outlines: <10> The all-causing and fulfilling Godhead of the Son, which preserves the parts in harmony with

 <III.> <1> And first, if you please, let us investigate the name Good, which reveals the whole procession of God's emanations, invoking the Good-Pri

 to the hierarchs, when we too, as you know, both yourself and many of our sacred brethren, had gathered for the sight of the life-originating and God-

 communions, the unconfused distinctions, the powers of the subordinate that lead up to the superior, the providences of the senior for the secondary,

 moves and nourishes and increases and perfects and purifies and renews. And light is the measure and number of hours, of days, and of all our time. Fo

 impartations and as calling all things to itself, whence it is also called Beauty, and as gathering all in all into one, and Beautiful as being All-Be

 the beautiful and the good is that which is beyond all rest and motion. Wherefore every rest and motion and that from which and in which and to which

 <12> And yet it has seemed to some of our sacred writers that the name 'eros' is even more divine than that of 'agape'. And the divine Ignatius also w

 an eternal circle through the Good, from the Good and in the Good and to the Good, moving about in an unerring convolution and in the same and accordi

 Whence then is evil? one might say. For if evil does not exist, virtue and vice are the same thing, and the whole is the same as the whole, and the pa

 irrational desire, in this it neither exists nor desires existing things, but it nevertheless partakes of the good by virtue of the faint echo itself

 simply nor in respect to time. <22> But neither is evil in angels. For if the good-like angel proclaims the divine goodness, being secondarily by part

 <24> But would someone say that souls are evil? If, because they associate with evil things providentially and for salvation, this is not evil, but go

 <30> To speak concisely The good is from one and the whole cause, but the evil from many and partial deficiencies. God knows evil, insofar as it is g

 goodnesses. <34> Therefore evil is not a being, nor is evil in beings. For evil, as evil, is nowhere. And the coming-to-be of evil is not according to

 manifestation of the all-perfect providence of the one God, and those of the more universal and the more particular things of the same. <3> And yet on

 <6> Therefore, the Essential Super-Goodness, putting forth the first gift, that of being itself, is praised by the first and most ancient of participa

 For if our sun, although the substances and qualities of sensible things are many and various, yet it, being one and shining a uniform light, renews a

 godlike and unchangeable immortality and the unwavering and unswerving perpetual motion, extending through an abundance of goodness even to the life o

 and is the cause of being of Wisdom itself, both of the whole and of each particular. <2> From it the intelligible and intellectual powers of the ange

 the cause of all things. Therefore God is known both in all things and apart from all things. And God is known through knowledge and through unknowing

 to be power-in-itself, both by being beyond-power and by bringing forth other powers, infinitely many times the infinite number of existing powers, an

 of the age, as having fallen away from none of the things that are, but rather both surpassing and pre-eminent over all beings according to a supra-es

 is defined and all inequality, which is a privation of the equality in each of them, is banished. For if anyone were to take inequality to mean the di

 We said the neck was opinion, as between the rational and irrational the breast, spirit the belly, desire the legs and feet, nature, using the name

 the return to him of those who have proceeded from him. <10> But if one should take the divine name 'Same' from the Oracles, or 'Justice,' in the sens

 beings, inasmuch as He is both before eternity and above eternity and His kingdom is a kingdom of all the ages. Amen. <ΧI.> <1> Come now, let us c

 and would never willingly wish to be at rest. And if he who says these things says that otherness and distinction are the particularity of each of the

 self-deification, of which beings, partaking according to their own nature, both are and live and are divine, and are and are called, and the others l

 It is therefore Perfect not only as being self-complete and defined in itself by itself in a single form and most perfect whole through whole, but als

 And not even the name of Goodness do we offer to It as being applicable, but from a yearning to conceive and speak something about that ineffable Natu

For all knowledges are of things that are and have their limit in things that are, but It is beyond all essence and is removed from all knowledge. <5> And indeed, if It is superior to every word and all knowledge and is established altogether above mind and essence, being the container, comprehender and anticipator of all things, but Itself is altogether incomprehensible to all, and there is no sensation of It, nor imagination, nor opinion, nor name, nor word, nor touch, nor science, how will our discourse *On the Divine Names* be treated, since the superessential Godhead is shown to be unnameable and above all name? But as we said, when we were setting forth the *Theological Outlines*, the One, the unknown, the superessential, the Good Itself, which is, I mean the triadic Unity, which is co-divine and co-good, it is not possible either to speak or to conceive. But also the angelical unions of the holy powers, which one must call either intuitions or receptions of the super-unknown and super-luminous Goodness, are both ineffable and unknown and exist only in those angels who have been deemed worthy of them beyond angelic knowledge. To these the godlike minds are united, imitating the angels as far as possible, and since such a union of the deified minds to the super-divine light occurs through a cessation of all intellectual activity, they praise It most properly through the removal of all things that are, having been truly and preternaturally illumined by this most blessed union with It, that It is the cause of all things that are, but is Itself nothing, as being super-essentially removed from all things. The divine super-essentiality, then, whatever the super-existence of the super-goodness may be, it is not permitted to praise either as word or power, or as mind or life or essence, by any of those who are lovers of the Truth which is above all truth, but as transcendently removed from every state, motion, life, imagination, opinion, name, word, thought, intellection, essence, position, stability, union, limit, infinity, from all things whatsoever that are. But since, as the existence of Goodness, It is the cause of all things that are by its very being, the good-principled providence of the Godhead must be praised from all its effects. Since all things are both concerning It and for Its sake, "and It is before all things, and in It all things consist." And by Its being is the production and subsistence of all things, and all things desire It, the intellectual and rational things knowably, those subordinate to these, sensibly, and the others by a vital movement or by an essential and habitual aptitude. <6> Knowing this, then, the theologians praise It both as nameless and from every name. Nameless, for instance, when they say that the Godhead Itself, in one of the mystical visions of the symbolic theophany, rebuked the one who said, "What is 'thy name'?" and as if leading him away from all knowledge of the divine name, said: "Why dost thou ask my name?" and, "This is wonderful." Or is not this truly the wonderful name, "which is above every name," the nameless, that which is established "above every name that is named," whether "in this world," or "in that which is to come"? But of many names, as when again they introduce It saying: "I am the Being," "the Life," "the Light," "the God," "the Truth," and when the divinely wise themselves praise the cause of all things with many names from all of its effects, as good, as beautiful, as wise, as beloved, as God of gods, as Lord of lords, as "Holy of holies," as eternal, as being and as cause of the ages, as giver of life, as "wisdom," as "mind," as word, as knower, as possessing beforehand all the treasures of all knowledge, as "power," as potentate, as king of those who reign, as ancient of days, as unaging and unalterable, as "salvation," as "righteousness," as sanctification, as redemption, as surpassing all things in greatness and as in a gentle breeze. And indeed they say that It is in minds and in souls and in bodies, and in heaven and on earth, and at the same time is the same in itself, within the world, around the world, above the world, super-celestial, super-essential, sun, star, "fire," "water," "spirit," dew, cloud, self-stone and "rock," all things that are and none of the things that are.

γὰρ αἱ γνώσεις πᾶσαι τῶν ὄντων εἰσὶ καὶ εἰς τὰ ὄντα τὸ πέρας ἔχουσιν, ἡ πάσης οὐσίας ἐπέκεινα καὶ πάσης γνώσεώς ἐστιν ἐξῃρημένη. <5> Καὶ μήν, εἰ κρείττων ἐστὶ παντὸς λόγου καὶ πάσης γνώσεως καὶ ὑπὲρ νοῦν καθόλου καὶ οὐσίαν ἵδρυται πάντων μὲν οὖσα περιληπτικὴ καὶ συλληπτικὴ καὶ προληπτική, πᾶσι δὲ αὐτὴ καθόλου ἄληπτος καὶ οὔτε αἴσθησις αὐτῆς ἔστιν οὔτε φαντασία οὔτε δόξα οὔτε ὄνομα οὔτε λόγος οὔτε ἐπαφὴ οὔτε ἐπιστήμη, πῶς ὁ Περὶ θείων ὀνομάτων ἡμῖν διαπραγματευθήσεται λόγος ἀκλήτου καὶ ὑπερωνύμου τῆς ὑπερουσίου θεότητος ἀποδεικνυμένης; Ἀλλ' ὅπερ ἔφημεν, ἡνίκα τὰς Θεολογικὰς ὑποτυπώσεις ἐξετιθέμεθα, τὸ ἕν, τὸ ἄγνωστον, τὸ ὑπερούσιον, αὐτὸ τ' ἀγαθόν, ὅπερ ἐστί, τὴν τριαδικὴν ἑνάδα φημί, τὴν ὁμόθεον καὶ ὁμοάγαθον οὔτε εἰπεῖν οὔτε ἐννοῆσαι δυνατόν. Ἀλλὰ καὶ αἱ τῶν ἁγίων δυνάμεων ἀγγελοπρεπεῖς ἑνώσεις, ἃς εἴτε ἐπιβολὰς εἴτε παραδοχὰς χρὴ φάναι τῆς ὑπεραγνώστου καὶ ὑπερφανοῦς ἀγαθότητος, ἄῤῥητοί τε εἰσὶ καὶ ἄγνωστοι καὶ μόνοις αὐτοῖς ἐνυπάρχουσι τοῖς ὑπὲρ γνῶσιν ἀγγελικὴν ἠξιωμένοις αὐτῶν ἀγγέλοις. Ταύταις οἱ θεοειδεῖς ἀγγελομιμήτως, ὡς ἐφικτόν, ἑνούμενοι νόες, ἐπειδὴ κατὰ πάσης νοερᾶς ἐνεργείας ἀπόπαυσιν ἡ τοιάδε γίγνεται τῶν ἐκθεουμένων νοῶν πρὸς τὸ ὑπέρθεον φῶς ἕνωσις, ὑμνοῦσιν αὐτὸ κυριώτατα διὰ τῆς πάντων τῶν ὄντων ἀφαιρέσεως τοῦτο ἀληθῶς καὶ ὑπερφυῶς ἐλλαμφθέντες ἐκ τῆς πρὸς αὐτὸ μακαριωτάτης ἑνώσεως, ὅτι πάντων μέν ἐστι τῶν ὄντων αἴτιον, αὐτὸ δὲ οὐδὲν ὡς πάντων ὑπερουσίως ἐξῃρημένον. Τὴν μὲν οὖν ὑπερουσιότητα τὴν θεαρχικήν, ὅ τι ποτέ ἐστιν ἡ τῆς ὑπεραγαθότητος ὑπερύπαρξις, οὔτε ὡς λόγον ἢ δύναμιν οὔτε ὡς νοῦν ἢ ζωὴν ἢ οὐσίαν ὑμνῆσαι θεμιτὸν οὐδενὶ τῶν, ὅσοι τῆς ὑπὲρ πᾶσαν ἀλήθειαν ἀληθείας εἰσὶν ἐρασταί, ἀλλ' ὡς πάσης ἕξεως, κινήσεως, ζωῆς, φαντασίας, δόξης, ὀνόματος, λόγου, διανοίας, νοήσεως, οὐσίας, στάσεως, ἱδρύσεως, ἑνώσεως, πέρατος, ἀπειρίας, ἁπάντων, ὅσα ὄντα ἐστίν, ὑπεροχικῶς ἀφῃρημένην. Ἐπειδὴ δὲ ὡς ἀγαθότητος ὕπαρξις αὐτῷ τῷ εἶναι πάντων ἐστὶ τῶν ὄντων αἰτία, τὴν ἀγαθαρχικὴν τῆς θεαρχίας πρόνοιαν ἐκ πάντων τῶν αἰτιατῶν ὑμνητέον. Ἐπεὶ καὶ περὶ αὐτὴν πάντα καὶ αὐτῆς ἕνεκα, «καὶ αὐτή ἐστι πρὸ πάντων, καὶ τὰ πάντα ἐν αὐτῇ συνέστηκενή. Καὶ τῷ εἶναι ταύτην ἡ τῶν ὅλων παραγωγὴ καὶ ὑπόστασις, καὶ αὐτῆς πάντα ἐφίεται, τὰ μὲν νοερὰ καὶ λογικὰ γνωστικῶς, τὰ δὲ ὑφειμένα τούτων αἰσθητικῶς καὶ τὰ ἄλλα κατὰ ζωτικὴν κίνησιν ἢ οὐσιώδη καὶ ἑκτικὴν ἐπιτηδειότητα. <6> Τοῦτο γοῦν εἰδότες οἱ θεολόγοι καὶ ὡς ἀνώνυμον αὐτὴν ὑμνοῦσι καὶ ἐκ παντὸς ὀνόματος. Ἀνώνυμον μέν, ὡς ὅταν φασὶ τὴν θεαρχίαν αὐτὴν ἐν μιᾷ τῶν μυστικῶν τῆς συμβολικῆς θεοφανείας ὁράσεων ἐπιπλῆξαι τῷ φήσαντι· Τί «τὸ ὄνομά σου»; καὶ ὥσπερ ἀπὸ πάσης αὐτὸν θεωνυμικῆς γνώσεως ἀπάγουσαν φάναι καί· «Ἵνα τί ἐρωτᾷς τὸ ὄνομά μου»; καί· Τοῦτο «ἔστι θαυμαστόν». Ἢ οὐχὶ τοῦτο ὄντως ἐστὶ τὸ θαυμαστὸν ὄνομα, «τὸ ὑπὲρ πᾶν ὄνομα», τὸ ἀνώνυμον, τὸ «παντὸς» ὑπεριδρυμένον «ὀνόματος ὀνομαζομένου», εἴτε «ἐν τῷ αἰῶνι τούτῳ», εἴτε «ἐν τῷ μέλλοντι»; Πολυώνυμον δέ, ὡς ὅταν αὖθις αὐτὴν εἰσάγουσι φάσκουσαν· «Ἐγώ εἰμι ὁ ὤν», «ἡ ζωή», «τὸ φῶς», «ὁ θεός», «ἡ ἀλήθεια», καὶ ὅταν αὐτοὶ τὸν πάντων αἴτιον οἱ θεόσοφοι πολυωνύμως ἐκ πάντων τῶν αἰτιατῶν ὑμνοῦσιν ὡς ἀγαθόν, ὡς καλόν, ὡς σοφόν, ὡς ἀγαπητόν, ὡς θεὸν θεῶν, ὡς κύριον κυρίων, ὡς «ἅγιον ἁγίων», ὡς αἰώνιον, ὡς ὄντα καὶ ὡς αἰώνων αἴτιον, ὡς ζωῆς χορηγόν, ὡς «σοφίαν», ὡς «νοῦν», ὡς λόγον, ὡς γνώστην, ὡς προέχοντα πάντας τοὺς θησαυροὺς ἁπάσης γνώσεως, ὡς «δύναμιν», ὡς δυνάστην, ὡς βασιλέα τῶν βασιλευόντων, ὡς παλαιὸν ἡμερῶν, ὡς ἀγήρω καὶ ἀναλλοίωτον, ὡς «σωτηρίαν», ὡς «δικαιοσύνην», ὡς ἁγιασμόν, ὡς ἀπολύτρωσιν, ὡς μεγέθει πάντων ὑπερέχοντα καὶ ὡς ἐν αὔρᾳ λεπτῇ. Καί γε καὶ ἐν νόοις αὐτὸν εἶναί φασι καὶ ἐν ψυχαῖς καὶ ἐν σώμασι καὶ ἐν οὐρανῷ καὶ ἐν γῇ καὶ ἅμα ἐν ταὐτῷ τὸν αὐτόν, ἐγκόσμιον, περικόσμιον, ὑπερκόσμιον, ὑπερουράνιον, ὑπερούσιον, ἥλιον, ἀστέρα, «πῦρ», «ὕδωρ», «πνεῦμα», δρόσον, νεφέλην, αὐτολίθον καὶ «πέτραν», πάντα τὰ ὄντα καὶ οὐδὲν τῶν ὄντων.