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provider for all, ruler, judge, both we know and we confess. And that there is one God, that is, one substance, and that He is known and exists in three hypostases, I mean Father and Son and Holy Spirit, and that the Father and the Son and the Holy Spirit are one in all things except for unbegottenness and begottenness and procession, and that the only-begotten Son and Word of God and God, through the bowels of His mercy, for our salvation, by the good pleasure of the Father and the cooperation of the Holy Spirit, was conceived without seed and born without corruption from the holy Virgin and Theotokos Mary through the Holy Spirit and became a perfect man from her, and that the same is at once perfect God and perfect man, of two natures, divinity and humanity, and in two natures, rational, volitional, active, and with free will, and, to speak simply, perfectly possessing according to the definition and principle proper to each, I mean divinity and humanity, but in one composite hypostasis, and that He hungered and thirsted and grew weary and was crucified and experienced death and burial, and rose on the third day and ascended into heaven, from where He has come to us and will come again in the future, and the divine scripture is witness and the whole choir of saints. But what the substance of God is, or how He is in all things, or how God has been begotten or has proceeded from God, or how the only-begotten Son and God, having emptied Himself, became man from a virgin's blood, fashioned by a law other than nature, or how He walked upon the waters with unwet feet, we both do not know and are not able to say. It is not possible, therefore, to say or even to conceive anything about God beyond what has been divinely uttered or spoken and revealed to us by the divine oracles of the Old and New Testament. 3 Proof that God exists That God exists, therefore, is not doubted by those who accept the holy scriptures, I mean both the Old and New Testament, nor indeed by most of the Greeks; for as we have said, the knowledge of God's existence is naturally sown in us. But since the evil of the wicked one has prevailed so much over the nature of men, as to lead some even into the most irrational and worst of all evils, the abyss of destruction, that is, to say that God does not exist, whose foolishness the hierophant David revealed, saying: “The fool has said in his heart: There is no God,” the disciples and apostles of the Lord, being made wise by the all-holy Spirit and working signs of God by His power and grace, with the net of miracles drew them up alive to the light of the knowledge of God from the abyss of ignorance. Likewise also the successors of their grace and dignity, both pastors and teachers, having received the illuminating grace of the Spirit, by both the power of miracles and the word of grace enlightened those who were in darkness and converted those who had gone astray. But we, who have received neither the charisma of miracles nor that of teaching, for we have made ourselves unworthy by our attachment to pleasures, come let us discuss a few things concerning this from what has been handed down to us by the prophets of grace, having called upon the Father and the Son and the Holy Spirit. All existing things are either created or uncreated. If, therefore, they are created, they are in every way also mutable; for those things whose being began from a change will in every way be subject to change, either by being destroyed or by being altered according to choice. But if they are uncreated, according to the principle of consequence they are in every way also immutable; for those things whose being is opposite, the principle of how they exist, that is, their properties, is also opposite. Who then will not agree that all existing things that are under our perception, and indeed also angels, are turned and altered and moved and changed in many ways? Intelligible things, I mean angels and souls and demons, according to choice, both progress in the good and departure from the good, being intensified and diminished, but the rest according to generation and corruption, increase and decrease, and change in quality and local motion. Mutable

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πάντων προνοητής, ἐξουσιαστής, κριτής, καὶ γινώσκομεν καὶ ὁμολογοῦμεν. Καὶ ὅτι εἷς ἐστι θεὸς ἤγουν μία οὐσία, καὶ ὅτι ἐν τρισὶν ὑποστάσεσι γνωρίζεταί τε καὶ ἔστιν, πατρί φημι καὶ υἱῷ καὶ ἁγίῳ πνεύματι, καὶ ὅτι ὁ πατὴρ καὶ ὁ υἱὸς καὶ τὸ πνεῦμα τὸ ἅγιον κατὰ πάντα ἕν εἰσι πλὴν τῆς ἀγεννησίας καὶ τῆς γεννήσεως καὶ τῆς ἐκπορεύσεως, καὶ ὅτι ὁ μονογενὴς υἱὸς καὶ λόγος τοῦ θεοῦ καὶ θεὸς διὰ σπλάγχνα ἐλέους αὐτοῦ, διὰ τὴν ἡμετέραν σωτηρίαν, εὐδοκίᾳ τοῦ πατρὸς καὶ συνεργίᾳ τοῦ ἁγίου πνεύματος ἀσπόρως συλληφθεὶς ἀφθόρως ἐκ τῆς ἁγίας παρθένου καὶ θεοτόκου Μαρίας γεγέννηται διὰ πνεύματος ἁγίου καὶ ἄνθρωπος τέλειος ἐξ αὐτῆς γέγονε, καὶ ὅτι ὁ αὐτὸς θεὸς τέλειός ἐστιν ὁμοῦ καὶ ἄνθρωπος τέλειος, ἐκ δύο φύσεων, θεότητός τε καὶ ἀνθρωπότητος, καὶ ἐν δύο φύσεσι νοεραῖς θελητικαῖς τε καὶ ἐνεργητικαῖς καὶ αὐτεξουσίοις καὶ ἁπλῶς εἰπεῖν τελείως ἐχούσαις κατὰ τὸν ἑκάστῃ πρέποντα ὅρον τε καὶ λόγον, θεότητί τε καὶ ἀνθρωπότητί φημι, μιᾷ δὲ συνθέτῳ ὑποστάσει, ὅτι τε ἐπείνησε καὶ ἐδίψησε καὶ ἐκοπίασε καὶ ἐσταυρώθη καὶ θανάτου καὶ ταφῆς πεῖραν ἐδέξατο καὶ ἀνέστη τριήμερος καὶ εἰς οὐρανοὺς ἀνεφοίτησεν, ὅθεν πρὸς ἡμᾶς παραγέγονε καὶ παραγενήσεται πάλιν εἰς ὕστερον, καὶ ἡ θεία γραφὴ μάρτυς καὶ πᾶς ὁ τῶν ἁγίων χορός. Τί δέ ἐστι θεοῦ οὐσία ἢ πῶς ἐστιν ἐν πᾶσιν ἢ πῶς ἐκ θεοῦ θεὸς γεγέν νηται ἢ ἐκπεπόρευται ἢ πῶς ἑαυτὸν κενώσας ὁ μονογενὴς υἱὸς καὶ θεὸς ἄνθρωπος γέγονεν ἐκ παρθενικῶν αἱμάτων ἑτέρῳ παρὰ τὴν φύσιν θεσμῷ πλαστουργηθεὶς ἢ πῶς ἀβρόχοις ποσὶ τοῖς ὕδασιν ἐπεπόρευτο, καὶ ἀγνοοῦμεν καὶ λέγειν οὐ δυνάμεθα. Οὐ δυνατὸν οὖν τι παρὰ τὰ θειωδῶς ὑπὸ τῶν θείων λογίων τῆς τε παλαιᾶς καὶ καινῆς διαθήκης ἡμῖν ἐκπεφασμένα ἤτοι εἰρημένα καὶ πεφανερωμένα εἰπεῖν τι περὶ θεοῦ ἢ ὅλως ἐννοῆσαι. 3 Ἀπόδειξις, ὅτι ἔστι θεόσ Ὅτι μὲν οὖν ἔστι θεός, τοῖς μὲν τὰς ἁγίας γραφὰς δεχομένοις, τήν τε παλαιὰν καὶ καινὴν διαθήκην φημί, οὐκ ἀμφιβάλλεται, οὔτε δὲ τοῖς τῶν Ἑλλήνων πλείστοις· ὡς γὰρ ἔφημεν, ἡ γνῶσις τοῦ εἶναι θεὸν φυσικῶς ἡμῖν ἐγκατέσπαρται. Ἐπειδὴ δὲ τοσοῦτον ἴσχυσεν ἡ τοῦ πονηροῦ κακία τῆς τῶν ἀνθρώπων φύσεως, ὥστε καί τινας εἰς τὸ ἀλογώτατον καὶ πάντων κακῶν κάκιστον καταγαγεῖν τῆς ἀπωλείας βάραθρον, τὸ λέγειν μὴ εἶναι θεόν, ὧν τὴν ἀφροσύνην ἐμφαίνων ὁ ἱεροφάντης ἔφη ∆αυίδ· «Εἶπεν ἄφρων ἐν καρδίᾳ αὐτοῦ· Οὐκ ἔστιν θεός», οἱ μὲν τοῦ κυρίου μαθηταὶ καὶ ἀπόστολοι τῷ παναγίῳ σοφισθέντες πνεύματι καὶ τῇ αὐτοῦ δυνάμει καὶ χάριτι τὰς θεοσημίας ἐργαζόμενοι τῇ τῶν θαυμάτων σαγήνῃ πρὸς τὸ φῶς τῆς θεογνωσίας ἐκ τοῦ βυθοῦ τῆς ἀγνωσίας αὐτοὺς ζωγροῦντες ἀνῆγον. Ὁμοίως καὶ οἱ τούτων τῆς χάριτος καὶ τῆς ἀξίας διάδοχοι, ποιμένες τε καὶ διδάσκαλοι, τὴν φωτιστικὴν τοῦ πνεύματος χάριν δεξάμενοι τῇ τε τῶν θαυμάτων δυνάμει τῷ τε λόγῳ τῆς χάριτος τοὺς ἐσκοτισμένους ἐφώτιζον καὶ τοὺς πεπλανημένους ἐπέστρεφον. Ἡμεῖς δὲ οἱ μηδὲ τὸ τῶν θαυμάτων μηδὲ τὸ τῆς διδασκαλίας δεξάμενοι χάρισμα, ἀναξίους γὰρ ἑαυτοὺς τῇ πρὸς τὰς ἡδονὰς προσπαθείᾳ πεποιήκαμεν, φέρε ὀλίγα τῶν παραδεδομένων ἡμῖν ὑπὸ τῶν ὑποφητῶν τῆς χάριτος περὶ τούτου διαλεξώμεθα τὸν πατέρα καὶ τὸν υἱὸν καὶ τὸ πνεῦμα τὸ ἅγιον ἐπικαλεσάμενοι. Πάντα τὰ ὄντα ἢ κτιστά ἐστιν ἢ ἄκτιστα. Εἰ μὲν οὖν κτιστά, πάντως καὶ τρεπτά· ὧν γὰρ τὸ εἶναι ἀπὸ τροπῆς ἤρξατο, ταῦτα τῇ τροπῇ ὑποκείσεται πάντως ἢ φθειρόμενα ἢ κατὰ προαίρεσιν ἀλλοιούμενα. Εἰ δὲ ἄκτιστα, κατὰ τὸν τῆς ἀκολουθίας λόγον πάντως καὶ ἄτρεπτα· ὧν γὰρ τὸ εἶναι ἐναντίον, τούτων καὶ ὁ τοῦ πῶς εἶναι λόγος ἐναντίος ἤγουν αἱ ἰδιότητες. Τίς οὖν οὐ συνθήσεται πάντα τὰ ὄντα, ὅσα ὑπὸ τὴν ἡμετέραν αἴσθησιν, ἀλλὰ μὴν καὶ ἀγγέλους τρέπεσθαι καὶ ἀλλοιοῦσθαι καὶ πολυτρόπως κινεῖσθαι καὶ μεταβάλλεσθαι; Τὰ μὲν νοητά, ἀγγέλους φημὶ καὶ ψυχὰς καὶ δαίμονας, κατὰ προαίρεσιν τήν τε ἐν τῷ καλῷ προκοπὴν καὶ τὴν ἐκ τοῦ καλοῦ ἀποφοίτησιν, ἐπιτεινομένην τε καὶ ὑφιεμένην, τὰ δὲ λοιπὰ κατά τε γένεσιν καὶ φθορὰν αὔξησίν τε καὶ μείωσιν καὶ τὴν κατὰ ποιότητα μεταβολὴν καὶ τὴν τοπικὴν κίνησιν. Τρεπτὰ