TO THE FELLOW PRESBYTER TIMOTHY, DIONYSIUS

 being illuminated super-cosmically by them for the hymns of the Godhead and being conformed to the sacred hymnologies, so as to see the divine lights

 For all knowledges are of things that are and have their limit in things that are, but It is beyond all essence and is removed from all knowledge. <5>

 <7> Thus, therefore, to the Cause of all and which is above all, both the nameless will apply and all the names of the things that are, so that it may

 the Father raises the dead and gives them life, so also the Son gives life to whom he will, and that It is the Spirit that gives life? That the ent

 to the one-principled Trinity also is common the super-essential existence, the super-divine divinity, the super-good goodness, the identity beyond al

 has partaken of the Word, unless someone might say according to the good-pleasing and man-loving common will and according to all the transcendent and

 Jesus, he says in his compiled Theological Outlines: <10> The all-causing and fulfilling Godhead of the Son, which preserves the parts in harmony with

 <III.> <1> And first, if you please, let us investigate the name Good, which reveals the whole procession of God's emanations, invoking the Good-Pri

 to the hierarchs, when we too, as you know, both yourself and many of our sacred brethren, had gathered for the sight of the life-originating and God-

 communions, the unconfused distinctions, the powers of the subordinate that lead up to the superior, the providences of the senior for the secondary,

 moves and nourishes and increases and perfects and purifies and renews. And light is the measure and number of hours, of days, and of all our time. Fo

 impartations and as calling all things to itself, whence it is also called Beauty, and as gathering all in all into one, and Beautiful as being All-Be

 the beautiful and the good is that which is beyond all rest and motion. Wherefore every rest and motion and that from which and in which and to which

 <12> And yet it has seemed to some of our sacred writers that the name 'eros' is even more divine than that of 'agape'. And the divine Ignatius also w

 an eternal circle through the Good, from the Good and in the Good and to the Good, moving about in an unerring convolution and in the same and accordi

 Whence then is evil? one might say. For if evil does not exist, virtue and vice are the same thing, and the whole is the same as the whole, and the pa

 irrational desire, in this it neither exists nor desires existing things, but it nevertheless partakes of the good by virtue of the faint echo itself

 simply nor in respect to time. <22> But neither is evil in angels. For if the good-like angel proclaims the divine goodness, being secondarily by part

 <24> But would someone say that souls are evil? If, because they associate with evil things providentially and for salvation, this is not evil, but go

 <30> To speak concisely The good is from one and the whole cause, but the evil from many and partial deficiencies. God knows evil, insofar as it is g

 goodnesses. <34> Therefore evil is not a being, nor is evil in beings. For evil, as evil, is nowhere. And the coming-to-be of evil is not according to

 manifestation of the all-perfect providence of the one God, and those of the more universal and the more particular things of the same. <3> And yet on

 <6> Therefore, the Essential Super-Goodness, putting forth the first gift, that of being itself, is praised by the first and most ancient of participa

 For if our sun, although the substances and qualities of sensible things are many and various, yet it, being one and shining a uniform light, renews a

 godlike and unchangeable immortality and the unwavering and unswerving perpetual motion, extending through an abundance of goodness even to the life o

 and is the cause of being of Wisdom itself, both of the whole and of each particular. <2> From it the intelligible and intellectual powers of the ange

 the cause of all things. Therefore God is known both in all things and apart from all things. And God is known through knowledge and through unknowing

 to be power-in-itself, both by being beyond-power and by bringing forth other powers, infinitely many times the infinite number of existing powers, an

 of the age, as having fallen away from none of the things that are, but rather both surpassing and pre-eminent over all beings according to a supra-es

 is defined and all inequality, which is a privation of the equality in each of them, is banished. For if anyone were to take inequality to mean the di

 We said the neck was opinion, as between the rational and irrational the breast, spirit the belly, desire the legs and feet, nature, using the name

 the return to him of those who have proceeded from him. <10> But if one should take the divine name 'Same' from the Oracles, or 'Justice,' in the sens

 beings, inasmuch as He is both before eternity and above eternity and His kingdom is a kingdom of all the ages. Amen. <ΧI.> <1> Come now, let us c

 and would never willingly wish to be at rest. And if he who says these things says that otherness and distinction are the particularity of each of the

 self-deification, of which beings, partaking according to their own nature, both are and live and are divine, and are and are called, and the others l

 It is therefore Perfect not only as being self-complete and defined in itself by itself in a single form and most perfect whole through whole, but als

 And not even the name of Goodness do we offer to It as being applicable, but from a yearning to conceive and speak something about that ineffable Natu

<7> Thus, therefore, to the Cause of all and which is above all, both the nameless will apply and all the names of the things that are, so that it may be precisely the sovereignty of the whole, and all things may be about it and dependent on it as Cause, as Beginning, as End, and it may be, according to the scripture, “all things in all,” and be truly praised as the foundation of all, originator and perfecter and container, guardian and hearth and that which returns things to itself, and these things unitedly, unrelatedly, transcendently. For it is not the Cause only of cohesion or of life or of perfection, that the super-essential goodness should be named from this or the other providence alone. But it has simply and boundlessly pre-contained in itself all beings by the all-perfect goodnesses of its one and all-causing providence, and from all beings it is harmoniously praised and named. <8> And indeed, the theologians honor not only these divine names which are from total or from partial providences or from the objects of providence, but also they name the light-transcending and name-transcending goodness from certain divine visions which at times illumined the initiates or the prophets in the holy sanctuaries or somewhere else, according to different causes and powers. And they apply to it forms and shapes, human or fiery or of electrum, and they praise its eyes and “ears” and hair and faces and hands and back and wings and arms and hind parts and “feet.” And they fashion for it crowns and thrones and cups and mixing-bowls and certain other mystical things, about which we will speak according to our ability in the Symbolic Theology. But now, having gathered from the scriptures as much as belongs to the present treatise, and using what has been said as a kind of rule and looking to it, let us proceed to the unfolding of the intelligible divine names, and, as the hierarchical ordinance always suggests to us in every theology, let us contemplate with a God-contemplating mind the God-manifesting visions, so to speak, and let us apply sacred ears to the unfoldings of the holy divine names, entrusting the holy things to the holy according to the divine tradition and rescuing them from the laughter and mockery of the uninitiated, or rather, redeeming those very people, if there are any such men at all, from their fighting against God in this matter. You, therefore, must guard these things, O good Timothy, according to the most holy instruction, and make the divine things neither to be ... nor to be spoken of to the uninitiated. And may God grant me to praise in a God-befitting way the good-working many-namedness of the uncalled and unnameable Deity, and may He not take away the “word of truth” from my mouth. <II.> <1> Goodness-itself, defining and manifesting the whole divine subsistence, whatever it is, is praised by the scriptures. For what else is there to learn from the sacred theology, when it says that the Godhead itself, instructing, said: “Why do you ask me about the good?” “No one is good, except God alone.” This, therefore, having been examined by us elsewhere as well, has been demonstrated: that all the God-befitting appellations are always praised by the scriptures not partially, but upon the whole and all-perfect and entire and full Deity, and all of them are ascribed undividedly, absolutely, unreservedly, wholly to the whole entirety of the all-perfect and all Deity. And indeed, as we have mentioned in the Theological Outlines, if someone should say this was spoken not concerning the whole Deity, he blasphemes and dares unlawfully to divide the supremely-unified Monad. It must be said, therefore, that it is to be understood as of the whole Deity. For the good-natured Word himself said: “I am good,” and one of the divinely-inspired prophets praises the good Spirit. And again, if they will not say that “I am He Who Is” is praised of the whole Deity, but should force it to be circumscribed to one part, how will they hear: Thus says “He Who Is, and Who Was, and Who Is to Come, the Almighty,” and “But you are the same,” and “The Spirit of truth” who is, “who proceeds from the Father”? And if they do not say the source of life is whole, how is the sacred word true which says: “Just as the

<7> Oὕτως οὖν τῇ πάντων αἰτίᾳ καὶ ὑπὲρ πάντα οὔσῃ καὶ τὸ ἀνώνυμον ἐφαρμόσει καὶ πάντα τὰ τῶν ὄντων ὀνόματα, ἵνα ἀκριβῶς ᾖ τῶν ὅλων βασίλεια καὶ περὶ αὐτὴν ᾖ τὰ πάντα καὶ αὐτῆς ὡς αἰτίας, ὡς ἀρχῆς, ὡς πέρατος ἐξηρτημένα καὶ αὐτὴ κατὰ τὸ λόγιον ᾖ «τὰ πάντα ἐν πᾶσι» καὶ ἀληθῶς ὑμνῆται πάντων ὑποστάτις, ἀρχηγικὴ καὶ τελειωτικὴ καὶ συνεκτική, φρουρὰ καὶ ἑστία καὶ πρὸς ἑαυτὴν ἐπιστρεπτικὴ καὶ ταῦτα ἡνωμένως, ἀσχέτως, ἐξῃρημένως. Oὐ γὰρ συνοχῆς ἢ ζωῆς ἢ τελειώσεως αἰτία μόνον ἐστίν, ἵνα ἀπὸ μόνης ταύτης ἢ τῆς ἑτέρας προνοίας ἡ ὑπερώνυμος ἀγαθότης ὀνομασθείη. Πάντα δὲ ἁπλῶς καὶ ἀπεριορίστως ἐν ἑαυτῇ τὰ ὄντα προείληφε ταῖς παντελέσι τῆς μιᾶς αὐτῆς καὶ παναιτίου προνοίας ἀγαθότησι καὶ ἐκ τῶν ὄντων ἁπάντων ἐναρμονίως ὑμνεῖται καὶ ὀνομάζεται. <8> Καὶ γοῦν οὐ ταύτας μόνας οἱ θεολόγοι τὰς θεωνυμίας πρεσβεύουσι τὰς ἀπὸ τῶν παντελῶν ἢ τῶν μερικῶν προνοιῶν ἢ τῶν προνοουμένων, ἀλλὰ καὶ ἀπό τινων ἔσθ' ὅτε θείων φασμάτων ἐν τοῖς ἱεροῖς ἀνακτόροις ἢ ἄλλοθί που τοὺς μύστας ἢ τοὺς προφήτας καταλαμψάντων κατ' ἄλλας καὶ ἄλλας αἰτίας τε καὶ δυνάμεις ὀνομάζουσι τὴν ὑπερφαῆ καὶ ὑπερώνυμον ἀγαθότητα. Καὶ μορφὰς αὐτῇ καὶ τύπους ἀνθρωπικοὺς ἢ πυρίους ἢ ἠλεκτρίνους περιτιθέασι καὶ ὀφθαλμοὺς αὐτῆς καὶ «ὦτα» καὶ πλοκάμους καὶ πρόσωπα καὶ χεῖρας καὶ μετάφρενα καὶ πτερὰ καὶ βραχίονας καὶ ὀπίσθια καὶ «πόδας» ὑμνοῦσιν. Στεφάνους τε καὶ θώκους καὶ ποτήρια καὶ κρατῆρας αὐτῇ καὶ ἄλλα ἅττα μυστικὰ περιπλάττουσι, περὶ ὧν ἐν τῇ Συμβολικῇ θεολογίᾳ κατὰ δύναμιν ἐροῦμεν. Νῦν δέ, ὅσα τῆς παρούσης ἐστὶ πραγματείας, ἐκ τῶν λογίων συναγαγόντες καὶ ὥσπερ τινὶ κανόνι τοῖς εἰρημένοις χρώμενοι καὶ πρὸς αὐτὰ σκοποῦντες ἐπὶ τὴν ἀνάπτυξιν τῶν νοητῶν θεωνυμιῶν προΐωμεν καί, ὅπερ ἀεὶ κατὰ πᾶσαν ἡμῖν θεολογίαν ὁ ἱεραρχικὸς θεσμὸς ὑφηγεῖται, θεοπτικῇ διανοίᾳ τὰς θεοφανεῖς ἐποπτεύσωμεν, κυρίως εἰπεῖν, θεωρίας καὶ ὦτα ἱερὰ ταῖς τῶν ἱερῶν θεωνυμιῶν ἀναπτύξεσι παραθώμεθα τοῖς ἁγίοις τὰ ἅγια κατὰ τὴν θείαν παράδοσιν ἐνιδρύοντες καὶ τῶν ἀμύστων αὐτὰ γελώτων καὶ ἐμπαιγμῶν ἐξαιρούμενοι, μᾶλλον δὲ αὐτοὺς ἐκείνους, εἴπερ ὅλως εἰσὶ τοιοίδε τινὲς ἄνθρωποι, τῆς ἐπὶ τούτῳ θεομαχίας ἀπολυτρούμενοι. Σοὶ μὲν οὖν ταῦτα φυλάξαι χρεών, ὦ καλὲ Τιμόθεε, κατὰ τὴν ἱερωτάτην ὑφήγησιν καὶ μήτε ·ητὰ μήτε ἔκφορα τὰ θεῖα ποιεῖν εἰς τοὺς ἀμυήτους. Ἐμοὶ δὲ δώη ὁ θεὸς θεοπρεπῶς ὑμνῆσαι τὰς τῆς ἀκλήτου καὶ ἀκατονομάστου θεότητος ἀγαθουργικὰς πολυωνυμίας, καὶ μὴ περιέλοι «λόγον ἀληθείας» ἀπὸ τοῦ στόματός μου. <II.> <1> Τὴν θεαρχικὴν ὅλην ὕπαρξιν, ὅ τι ποτέ ἐστιν, ἡ αὐτοαγαθότης ἀφορίζουσα καὶ ἐκφαίνουσα πρὸς τῶν λογίων ὕμνηται. Καὶ τί γὰρ ἄλλο μαθεῖν ἐστιν ἐκ τῆς ἱερᾶς θεολογίας, ὁπόταν φησὶ τὴν θεαρχίαν αὐτὴν ὑφηγουμένην εἰπεῖν· «Τί με ἐρωτᾷς περὶ τοῦ ἀγαθοῦ»; «Oὐδεὶς ἀγαθός, εἰ μὴ μόνος ὁ θεός». Τοῦτο μὲν οὖν καὶ ἐν ἄλλοις ἐξετασθὲν ἡμῖν ἀποδέδεικται τὸ πάσας ἀεὶ τὰς θεοπρεπεῖς ἐπωνυμίας οὐ μερικῶς, ἀλλ' ἐπὶ τῆς ὅλης καὶ παντελοῦς καὶ ὁλοκλήρου καὶ πλήρους θεότητος ὑπὸ τῶν λογίων ὑμνεῖσθαι καὶ πάσας αὐτὰς ἀμερῶς, ἀπολύτως, ἀπαρατηρήτως, ὁλικῶς ἁπάσῃ τῇ ὁλότητι τῆς ὁλοτελοῦς καὶ πάσης θεότητος ἀνατίθεσθαι. Καὶ γοῦν, ὡς ἐν ταῖς Θεολογικαῖς ὑποτυπώσεσιν ὑπεμνήσαμεν, εἰ μὴ περὶ τῆς ὅλης θεότητος φαίη τις τοῦτο εἰρῆσθαι, βλασφημεῖ καὶ ἀποσχίζειν ἀθέσμως τολμᾷ τὴν ὑπερηνωμένην ἑνάδα. Ῥητέον οὖν, ὡς ἐπὶ πάσης τῆς θεότητος αὐτὸ ἐκληπτέον. Καὶ γὰρ αὐτός τε ὁ ἀγαθοφυὴς ἔφη λόγος· «Ἐγὼ ἀγαθός εἰμι», καί τις τῶν θεολήπτων προφητῶν ὑμνεῖ τὸ πνεῦμα τὸ ἀγαθόν. Καὶ αὖθις τό· «Ἐγώ εἰμι ὁ ὢν» εἰ μὴ καθ' ὅλης φήσουσι τῆς θεότητος ὑμνεῖσθαι, καθ' ἓν δὲ μέρος αὐτὸ περιγράψαι βιάσαιντο, πῶς ἀκούσονται τοῦ· Τάδε λέγει «ὁ ὤν, ὃ ἦν, ὁ ἐρχόμενος, ὁ παντοκράτωρ» καί «Σὺ δὲ ὁ αὐτὸς εἶ» καί «Τὸ πνεῦμα τῆς ἀληθείας» τὸ ὄν, «ὃ παρὰ τοῦ πατρὸς ἐκπορεύεται»; Καὶ εἰ μὴ ὅλην εἶναί φασι τὴν ζωαρχίαν, πῶς ἀληθὴς ὁ φήσας ἱερὸς λόγος· «Ὥσπερ ὁ