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father; for if, passing over this, they had traced his genealogy from his mother, besides this being both improper, and foreign to the custom of the divine Scriptures, since no one before is recorded as having been genealogized from a woman, the one being genealogized would have seemed to be some fatherless and low-born person; and this, as I said, was a matter of no small slander and accusation; therefore, by usefully tracing the genealogy of Joseph from David for the reason given, they at the same time established that Mary was also from David, showing the lineage of the wife through her betrothed; for since the law of Moses decreed that it was not permitted to take a wife for marriage from elsewhere than from one’s own family and one's own tribe, so that the inheritance of the family would not be transferred from tribe 22.889 to tribe, the record concerning the husband was sufficient to declare the wife as well; for living according to the law he would not have betrothed a wife from elsewhere, than first from his paternal tribe, and this was that of Judah; then from the same people and clan, and this was that of David; for such were the commands of the law; when, therefore, Joseph is shown to have been of the tribe of Judah, and of the inheritance and clan of David, how does it not follow that Mary is also seen to be from the same?

8. But if she should be said to be a relative of Elizabeth, she being from the tribe of Judah, and Elizabeth from that of Levi, do not be surprised; for the whole nation of the Jews was of one family, and all the tribes were related to each other; whence also the divine Apostle calls all Jews his kinsmen, saying: "For I could wish that I myself were accursed for the sake of my brethren, my kinsmen according to the flesh, who are Israelites;" and yet his only kinsmen were from the tribe of Benjamin; so Paul simply called all those of Israel his brothers and kinsmen; thus, then, the angel also called Elizabeth a kinswoman to Mary, because both were Israelite women; and otherwise, it is likely that Elizabeth was called a kinswoman of Mary on account of her location, because she lived in the tribe of Judah from which Mary came; for Luke testifies, saying: "And Mary arose in those days and went into the hill country with haste, into a city of Judah, and entered into the house of Zacharias and saluted Elizabeth;" for since the law of Moses did not set apart an inheritance for the tribe of the priests, because the Lord God is their portion, but commanded them to live among the other tribes, and since Zacharias and Elizabeth lived in a city of the tribe of Judah, from which Mary came, it is likely that for this reason too they were called kinswomen; and it is not unlikely that it was also on account of their similarity of character, through which both were deemed worthy of the economy of salvation, the one receiving the Savior, the other the forerunner of the Savior, and both partaking of one and the same Holy Spirit; wherefore they especially shared in one kinship according to God. But let this matter be so resolved.

9. But if the husband is the head of the wife, according to the divine Apostle, and the two shall be one flesh, according to the law of Moses, and she who is betrothed to a man, having sinned through adultery, endures the same punishment, as having already become the body of her betrothed and having acknowledged the man as her head, how, when the head is genealogized, does it not follow that the body is also counted with the head? so that Mary, already 22.892 joined to Joseph, rightly shares in the genealogy especially since she has been shown to be not only of the same tribe as him, but also of the same people and clan; and otherwise, in the message to her, Gabriel, prophesying, said among other things: "And God will give him the throne of his father David;" clearly teaching that David was the forefather of the one to be born of her; for how else was it likely for the angel to say these things to the virgin, unless acknowledging that she was from David? for he would not have said to one not being from David, "God will give him the throne of his father David;" for of what father?

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πατέρα· εἰ γὰρ τοῦτο παρελθόντες, μητρόθεν αὐτὸν ἐγενεαλόγουν, πρὸς τῷ καὶ ἀπρεπὲς εἶναι τοῦτο, καὶ τῆς τῶν θείων Γραφῶν εὐηθείας ἀλλότριον, ὅτι μηδεὶς τὸ πρότερον ἐκ γυναικὸς γενεαλογηθεὶς ἱστορεῖται, ἔδοξεν ἂν ἀπάτωρ τις εἶναι καὶ δυσγενὴς ὁ γενεαλογούμενος· τοῦτο δὲ, ὡς ἔφην, οὐ μικρᾶς ἦν δυσφημίας ὁμοῦ καὶ κατηγορίας· διὸ χρησίμως τὸν Ἰωσὴφ ἀπὸ ∆αβὶδ διὰ τὴν ἀποδοθεῖσαν αἰτίαν γενεαλογοῦντες, ἐν ταυτῷ καὶ τὴν Μαριὰμ ἐκ ∆αβὶδ γεγονέναι συνίστων, διὰ τοῦ μνηστῆρος τὸ τῆς γαμετῆς ὑποφαίνοντες γένος· νόμου γὰρ Μωϋσέως διαγορεύοντος μὴ ἄλλοθεν ἐξεῖναι πρὸς γάμον λαμβάνειν, ἢ ἐκ τοῦ γένους τοῦ οἰκείου καὶ τῆς ἰδίας φυλῆς, ὡς ἂν μὴ περιστρέφοιτο τοῦ γένους ὁ κλῆρος ἀπὸ φυλῆς 22.889 εἰς φυλὴν, αὐτάρκης ἦν ἡ περὶ τοῦ ἀνδρὸς ἀναγραφὴ καὶ τὴν γυναῖκα δηλῶσαι· νομικῶς γὰρ βιοὺς οὐδ' ἄλλοθεν ἐμνᾶτο τὴν γυναῖκα, ἢ πρῶτα μὲν ἐκ τῆς φυλῆς τῆς πατρικῆς αὐτοῦ, αὕτη δὲ ἦν ἡ τοῦ Ἰούδα· ἔπειτα ἐκ τοῦ δήμου καὶ τῆς αὐτῆς πατριᾶς, αὕτη δὲ ἦν ἡ τοῦ ∆αβίδ· τοιαῦτα γὰρ ἦν τὰ τοῦ νόμου παραγγέλματα· ὅτε τοίνυν ὁ Ἰωσὴφ φυλῆς γεγονὼς ἀποδείκνυται Ἰούδα, κλήρου τε καὶ πατριᾶς ∆αβὶδ, πῶς οὐχ ἕπεται καὶ τῇ Μαρίᾳ ἐκ τῶν αὐτῶν ὁρᾶσθαι;

ηʹ. Εἰ δὲ λέγοιτο ὑπάρχειν συγγενὴς τῆς Ἐλισάβετ, αὐτῆς μὲν οὔσης ἐκ φυλῆς Ἰούδα, τῆς τε Ἐλισάβετ ἐκ τῆς τοῦ Λευῒ, μὴ θαυμάσῃς· πᾶν γὰρ τὸ Ἰουδαίων ἔθνος ἑνὸς ἦν γένους, αἵ τε φυλαὶ πᾶσαι ἀλλήλων συγγενεῖς· ἔνθεν καὶ ὁ θεῖος Ἀπόστολος συγγενεῖς αὑτοῦ πάντας ὀνομάζει Ἰουδαίους, λέγων· «Ηὐχόμην γὰρ ἀνάθημα εἶναι ὑπὲρ τῶν ἀδελφῶν μου, τῶν συγγενῶν μου κατὰ σάρκα, οἵτινές εἰσιν Ἰσραηλῖται·» καίτοι συγγενεῖς αὐτοῦ ἐτύγχανον μόνοι ἐκ φυλῆς Βενιαμίν· οὐκοῦν πάντας ἁπλῶς τοὺς ἐξ Ἰσραὴλ ἀδελφοὺς καὶ συγγενεῖς ἑαυτοῦ προσεῖπεν ὁ Παῦλος· οὕτω δ' οὖν καὶ τὴν Ἐλισάβετ συγγενίδα προσεῖπεν ὁ ἄγγελος τῇ Μαριὰμ, διὰ τὸ ἄμφω Ἰσραηλίτιδας εἶναι· καὶ ἄλλως δὲ εἰκὸς ἀπὸ τόπου συγγενίδα τῆς Μαρίας κεκλῆσθαι τὴν Ἐλισάβετ, διὰ τὸ οἰκεῖν ἐπὶ τῆς Ἰούδα φυλῆς ἀφ' ἧς ὡρμᾶτο ἡ Μαρία· μαρτυρεῖ γοῦν ὁ Λουκᾶς λέγων· «Ἀναστᾶσα δὲ Μαριὰμ ἐν ταῖς ἡμέραις ταύταις, ἐπορεύθη εἰς τὴν ὀρεινὴν μετὰ σπουδῆς εἰς πόλιν Ἰούδα, καὶ εἰσῆλθεν εἰς τὸν οἶκον Ζαχαρίου καὶ ἠσπάσατο τὴν Ἐλισάβετ·» τοῦ γὰρ Μωϋσέως νόμου μὴ ἀφορίσαντος τῇ τῶν ἱερέων φυλῇ κλῆρον, ὅτι Κύριος ὁ Θεὸς μερὶς αὐτῶν, διαταξαμένου δὲ μεταξὺ τῶν λοιπῶν φυλῶν οἰκεῖν αὐτοὺς, τοῦ τε Ζαχαρίου καὶ τῆς Ἐλισάβετ πόλιν φυλῆς Ἰούδα κατοικησάντων, ἀφ' ἧς ὡρμᾶτο Μαρία, εἰκὸς καὶ ταύτης ἕνεκεν τῆς αἰτίας συγγενεῖς αὐτὰς ἀνειρῆσθαι· οὐκ ἀπεικὸς δὲ καὶ τῆς ὁμοιοτροπίας χάριν, δι' ἧς ἄμφω τῆς σωτηρίου οἰκονομίας ἠξιώθησαν, ἡ μὲν τὸν Σωτῆρα, ἡ δὲ τὸν πρόδρομον τοῦ Σωτῆρος ὑποδεξάμεναι, ἑνός τε καὶ τοῦ αὐτοῦ ἁγίου Πνεύματος μετασχοῦσαι· διὸ καὶ μάλιστα μιᾶς τῆς κατὰ Θεὸν συγγενείας μετεῖχον. Ἀλλὰ τοῦτο μὲν οὕτως ἀπολυτέον.

θʹ. Εἰ δὲ κεφαλὴ τῆς γυναικὸς τυγχάνει ὁ ὢν ἀνὴρ, κατὰ τὸν θεῖον Ἀπόστολον, καὶ ἔσονται οἱ δύο εἰς σάρκα μίαν, κατὰ τὸν Μωϋσέως νόμον, ἥ τε μεμνηστευμένη ἀνδρὶ διαμαρτοῦσα μοιχείας κατὰ τὸ αὐτὸ τιμωρίαν ὑπομένει, ὡς ἤδη τοῦ μνηστῆρος σῶμα γενομένη καὶ κεφαλὴν ἐπιγραψαμένη τὸν ἄνδρα, πῶς οὐχὶ τῆς κεφαλῆς γενεαλογουμένης, ἕπεται καὶ τὸ σῶμα τῇ κεφαλῇ συναριθμεῖσθαι; ὥστε καὶ τὴν Μαρίαν ἤδη 22.892 συνημμένην τῷ Ἰωσὴφ, εἰκότως συναντιλαμβάνεσθαι τῆς γενεαλογίας ὅτε μάλιστα τῆς αὐτῆς αὐτῷ φυλῆς οὐ μόνον, ἀλλὰ καὶ δήμου καὶ πατριᾶς ἀποδέδεικται γενομένη· καὶ ἄλλως δὲ ἐν τῷ πρὸς αὐτὴν χρηματισμῷ θεσπίζων ὁ Γαβριὴλ μετὰ τῶν ἄλλων εἴρηκε· «Καὶ δώσει αὐτῷ ὁ Θεὸς τὸν θρόνον ∆αβὶδ τοῦ πατρὸς αὐτοῦ·» σαφῶς διδάσκων ὅτι τοῦ ἐξ αὐτῆς γενησομένου προπάτωρ ἦν ὁ ∆αβίδ· πῶς γὰρ ἄλλως εἰκὸς ἦν ταῦτα τῇ παρθένῳ φάναι τὸν ἄγγελον, ἢ συνομολογοῦντα ἐκ τοῦ ∆αβὶδ εἶναι; οὐ γὰρ ἂν μὴ ἐκ ∆αβὶδ τυγχανούσῃ εἰρήκει τὸ, «∆ώσει αὐτῷ ὁ Θεὸς τὸν θρόνον ∆αβὶδ τοῦ πατρὸς αὐτοῦ·» ποίου γὰρ πατρός;