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he says the things that were said before: "For a Spirit shall go forth from me, and I have made every breath," applying the Spirit particularly to God who in the last times pours it out through the adoption of sons upon humanity, and the breath generally to creation, and declaring it a created thing. But that which is made is different from the one who made it. The breath, therefore, is temporary, but the Spirit is eternal. And the breath, having flourished for a short time and remained for a certain season, afterwards departs, leaving breathless that in which it was before; but the Spirit, embracing man within and without, since it always remains, will never leave him. 12 As therefore he who was made into a living soul, by inclining to the worse, lost life, so again that same one, by returning to the better and receiving the life-giving Spirit, will find life. For it is not one thing that dies and another that is made alive, as neither is it one thing that was lost and another that is found, but it was that lost sheep that the Lord came seeking. What, then, was that which died? Assuredly the substance of the flesh, which also lost the breath of life and became breathless and dead. This, therefore, the Lord came to make alive, that, as in Adam we all die because we are soulish, in Christ we may live because we are spiritual, not putting off the handiwork of God, but the desires of the flesh, and receiving the Holy Spirit. 13 Truly vain, therefore, and miserable are they, who are unwilling to see things so manifest and clear, but flee from the light of truth, who, like the tragic Oedipus, blind themselves. And just as unskilled wrestlers, contending with others, having seized one part of the body tightly, fall by means of that which they hold, and falling, they think they are winning because they contentiously hold on to that limb which they first grasped, and in addition to having fallen, they become ridiculous; so also the heretics, taking up the two words from Paul, "flesh and blood cannot inherit the kingdom of God," having neither understood the Apostle nor investigated beforehand the meaning of what was said, but holding on to the bare words alone, they perish by them, overturning, as far as in them lies, the whole economy of God. 14 "He will transform," it says, "the body of our lowliness, that it may be conformed to the body of his glory." It is clear that it is the body, which is the flesh, which is also humbled by falling to the earth. And its transformation is that, being mortal and corruptible, it becomes immortal and incorruptible, not from its own substance, but "according to the working" of the Lord, "whereby he is able" to bestow immortality on the mortal and incorruption on the corruptible. And for this reason he says: "That mortality may be swallowed up by life. Now he who has prepared us for this very thing is God, who also has given us the guarantee of the Spirit," speaking this most clearly about the Spirit; for neither the soul is mortal, nor the Spirit. For the mortal is swallowed up by life, because it no longer remains dead flesh but living and incorruptible, praising God who prepared us for this very thing. 15 In former times we said that man was made according to the image of God, but it was not shown; for the Word was still invisible, according to whose image man had been made; for this reason, indeed, he also easily cast off the likeness. But when the Word of God became flesh, he confirmed both; for he both showed the image truly, himself becoming that which his image was, and he established the likeness securely, conforming man to the invisible Father through the visible Word. And not only through the aforesaid did the Lord reveal the Father and himself, but also through his passion itself. For by undoing the disobedience of man which had occurred at the beginning in connection with a tree, "he became obedient unto death, even the death of the cross," healing the disobedience which occurred by the tree through the obedience. But he would not have come through the same means, undoing the disobedience toward him who formed us, if he were proclaiming another Father. But since through those things by which we disobeyed God and

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προειρημένα φησίν· «Πνεῦμα γὰρ παρ' ἐμοῦ ἐξελεύσεται, καὶ πνοὴν πᾶσαν ἐγὼ ἐποίησα», τὸ μὲν Πνεῦμα ἰδίως ἐπὶ τοῦ Θεοῦ τάξας τοῦ ἐπ' ἐσχάτων τῶν καιρῶν ἐκχέοντος αὐτὸ διὰ τῆς υἱοθεσίας ἐπὶ τὴν ἀνθρωπότητα, τὴν δὲ πνοὴν κοινῶς ἐπὶ τῆς κτίσεως, καὶ ποίημα ἀναγορεύσας αὐτήν. Ἕτερον δέ ἐστι τὸ ποιηθὲν τοῦ ποιήσαντος. Ἡ οὖν πνοὴ πρόσκαιρος, τὸ δὲ Πνεῦμα ἀένναον. Καὶ ἡ μὲν πνοὴ ἀκμάσασα πρὸς βραχὺ καὶ καιρῷ τινι παραμείνασα μετὰ τοῦτο πορεύεται, ἄπνουν ἐγκαταλιποῦσα ἐκεῖνο περὶ ὃ ἦν τὸ πρότερον· τὸ δὲ Πνεῦμα περιλαβὸν ἔνδοθεν καὶ ἔξωθεν τὸν ἄνθρωπον, ἅτε ἀεὶ παραμένον, οὐδέποτε ἐκλείψει αὐτόν. 12 Ὡς οὖν ὁ εἰς ψυχὴν ζῶσαν γεγονὼς ῥέψας ἐπὶ τὸ χεῖρον ἀπώλεσε τὴν ζωήν, οὕτως πάλιν ὁ αὐτὸς ἐκεῖνος ἐπὶ τὸ βέλτιον ἐπανελθὼν καὶ προσλαβόμενος τὸ ζωοποιοῦν Πνεῦμα εὑρήσει τὴν ζωήν. Οὐ γὰρ ἄλλο τὸ ἀποθνῇσκον καὶ ἄλλο τὸ ζωοποιούμενον, ὡς οὐδὲ ἄλλο τὸ ἀπολωλὸς καὶ ἄλλο τὸ ἀνευρισκόμενον, ἀλλ' ἐκεῖνο τὸ ἀπολωλὸς πρόβατον ἦλθεν ὁ Κύριος ἀναζητῶν. Τί οὖν ἦν τὸ ἀποθνῇσκον; Πάντως ἡ τῆς σαρκὸς ὑπόστασις, ἡ καὶ ἀποβαλοῦσα τὴν πνοὴν τῆς ζωῆς καὶ ἄπνους καὶ νεκρὰ γενομένη. Ταύτην οὖν ὁ Κύριος ἦλθε ζωοποιῶν, ἵνα, ὡς ἐν τῷ Ἀδὰμ πάντες ἀποθνῄσκομεν ὅτι ψυχικοί, ἐν τῷ Χριστῷ ζήσωμεν ὅτι πνευματικοί, ἀποθέμενοι οὐ τὸ πλάσμα τοῦ Θεοῦ, ἀλλὰ τὰς ἐπιθυμίας τῆς σαρκός, καὶ προσλαβόντες τὸ Πνεῦμα τὸ ἅγιον. 13 Μάταιοι οὖν ὄντως καὶ ἄθλιοι, οἱ τὰ οὕτως ἔκδηλα καὶ φανερὰ μὴ θέλοντες συνορᾶν ἀλλὰ φεύγοντες τὸ φῶς τῆς ἀληθείας, οἱ κατὰ τὸν τραγικὸν Οἰδίποδα ἑαυτοὺς τυφλώττοντες. Καὶ ὥσπερ ἀπάλαιστροι προσφιλονεικοῦντες ἑτέροις, ἕν τι μέρος τοῦ σώματος ἀπρὶξ κρατήσαντες, δι' ἐκείνου οὗ κρατοῦσι πίπτουσι, καὶ πίπτοντες οἴονται νικᾶν διὰ τὸ φιλεριστικῶς ἔχεσθαι ἐκείνου οὗ τὴν ἀρχὴν ἐδράξαντο μέλους, πρὸς δὲ τῷ πεπτωκέναι καταγέλαστοι γίνονται· οὕτω δὲ καὶ οἱ αἱρετικοὶ τὸ «σὰρξ καὶ αἷμα βασιλείαν Θεοῦ κληρονομῆσαι οὐ δύνανται», δύο λέξεις ἄραντες ἀπὸ Παύλου, οὔτε τοῦ Ἀποστόλου κατεῖδον οὔτε τὴν δύναμιν τῶν λεγομένων προερευνήσαντες, ψιλῶς δὲ αὐτῷ μόνον τὰς λέξεις κρατοῦντες περὶ αὐτὰς ἀποθνῄσκουσι, τὴν πᾶσαν οἰκονομίαν τὸ ὅσον ἐφ' ἑαυτοῖς ἀνατρέποντες τοῦ Θεοῦ. 14 «Μετασχηματίσει, φησί, τὸ σῶμα τῆς ταπεινώσεως ἡμῶν εἰς τὸ γενέσθαι αὐτὸ σύμμορφον τῷ σώματι τῆς δόξης αὐτοῦ.» Φανερὸν ὅτι τὸ σῶμα, ὅπερ ἐστὶν ἡ σάρξ, ἥτις καὶ ταπεινοῦται πίπτουσα εἰς τὴν γῆν. Μετασχηματισμὸς δὲ αὐτῆς, ὅτι θνητὴ καὶ φθαρτὴ οὖσα ἀθάνατος καὶ ἄφθαρτος γίνεται, οὐκ ἐξ ἰδίας ὑποστάσεως, ἀλλὰ «κατὰ τὴν» τοῦ Κυρίου «ἐνέργειαν, τὸ δύνασθαι αὐτὸν» τῷ θνητῷ τὴν ἀθανασίαν καὶ τῷ φθαρτῷ περιποιήσασθαι τὴν ἀφθαρσίαν. Καὶ διὰ τοῦτό φησιν· «Ἵνα καταποθῇ τὸ θνητὸν ὑπὸ τῆς ζωῆς· ὁ δὲ κατεργασάμενος ἡμᾶς εἰς αὐτὸ τοῦτο Θεός, ὁ δοὺς ἡμῖν τὸν ἀρραβῶνα τοῦ Πνεύματος», φανερώτατα περὶ τοῦ Πνεύματος λέγων τοῦτο· οὔτε γὰρ ἡ ψυχὴ θνητόν, οὔτε τὸ Πνεῦμα. Καταπίνεται γὰρ τὸ θνητὸν ὑπὸ τῆς ζωῆς, ὅτι μηκέτι σὰρξ νεκρὰ ἀλλὰ ζῶσα καὶ ἄφθαρτος ἀναμένει, ὑμνοῦσα τὸν εἰς αὐτὸ τοῦτο κατεργασάμενον ἡμᾶς Θεόν. 15 Ἐν τοῖς πρόσθεν χρόνοις ἐλέγομεν κατ' εἰκόνα Θεοῦ γεγονέναι τὸν ἄνθρωπον, οὐκ ἐδείκνυτο δέ· ἔτι γὰρ ἀόρατος ἦν ὁ Λόγος, οὗ κατ' εἰκόνα ὁ ἄνθρωπος ἐγεγόνει· διὰ τοῦτο δὴ καὶ τὴν ὁμοίωσιν ῥᾳδίως ἀπέβαλεν. Ὁπότε δὲ σὰρξ ἐγένετο ὁ Λόγος τοῦ Θεοῦ, τὰ ἀμφότερα ἐπεκύρωσε· καὶ γὰρ καὶ τὴν εἰκόνα ἔδειξεν ἀληθῶς, αὐτὸς τοῦτο γενόμενος ὅπερ ἦν ἡ εἰκὼν αὐτοῦ, καὶ τὴν ὁμοίωσιν βεβαίως κατέστησε συνεξομοιώσας τὸν ἄνθρωπον τῷ ἀοράτῳ Πατρὶ διὰ τοῦ βλεπομένου Λόγου. Καὶ οὐ μόνον γε διὰ τῶν προειρημένων τὸν Πατέρα τε καὶ ἑαυτὸν ἐμήνυσεν ὁ Κύριος, ἀλλὰ δι' αὐτοῦ τοῦ πάθους. Ἐκλύων γὰρ τὴν ἀπ' ἀρχῆς ἐν τῷ ξύλῳ γενομένην τοῦ ἀνθρώπου παρακοήν, «ὑπήκοος ἐγένετο μέχρι θανάτου, θανάτου δὲ σταυροῦ», τὴν ἐν τῷ ξύλῳ παρακοὴν διὰ τῆς ὑπακοῆς ἰώμενος. Οὐκ ἂν δὲ διὰ τῶν αὐτῶν ἐληλύθει ἐκλύων τὴν πρὸς τὸν πεπλακότα ἡμᾶς παρακοήν, εἰ ἄλλον κατήγγελλε Πατέρα. Ἐπειδὴ δὲ δι' ὧν παρηκούσαμεν Θεοῦ καὶ