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they crucified, they rejected the help of the Spirit, who would not boldly declare that the place is a lodging of demons? God is not worshipped there, far from it; but that place is henceforth a place of idolatry; but yet some pay attention to those places as if they were venerable. And I say these things not by conjecture, but having learned by experience itself. For before these three days—believe me, I do not lie—I saw a certain woman, of good standing and free, modest and faithful, being forced by someone defiled and senseless, who seemed to be a Christian—for I would not call someone who dares such things a sincere Christian—to enter the places of the Hebrews, and there to give an oath concerning matters disputed with him; and as the woman came forward and called for help, and asked to prevent the lawless violence—for it was not right for her, having partaken of the divine mysteries, to go to that place—therefore, set on fire with zeal, and inflamed, and rising up, I did not then allow her to be dragged to that transgression, but snatched her from this unjust abduction. And when I asked the one dragging her if he were a Christian, and he confessed it, I pressed him vehemently, accusing him of insensibility and the utmost folly, and I said he was disposed no better than donkeys, if, while saying he worshipped Christ, he would drag someone to the dens of the Jews, who crucified him; and I delivered a long speech to him, first, that it is not at all right to swear, nor to impose the necessity of oaths, teaching from the divine Gospels; then, 48.848 that he ought not to drag not only a faithful and initiated woman, but not even an uninitiated person to this necessity. And when through many and long words I had cast out the misguided opinion from his soul, I asked the reason why, having left the Church, he dragged people to the councils of the Hebrews. And he said that many had told him that the oaths taken there were more fearsome. At these words I groaned, and was inflamed with anger, and after this I laughed again. For seeing the malice of the devil, I groaned, at what things he was strong enough to persuade men of; but considering the indolence of those being deceived, I was inflamed with anger; and again, considering how great and of what sort was the folly of those deceived, I laughed. And I have said and related these things to you, because towards those who both do and suffer such things you are disposed inhumanly and insensibly; and if you see one of your brothers falling into such transgressions, you consider the misfortune to be another's, not your own, and you think to make a defense to those who accuse you, saying, "For what does it matter to me? What common account do I have with him?" uttering words of the utmost misanthropy and Satanic cruelty. What are you saying? Being a human being, and sharing the same nature—or rather, to say nothing of the communion of nature, you who have one head, Christ—do you dare to say that you have nothing in common with your own members? How then do you confess that Christ is the head of the Church? For the head is designed by nature to join all the members, and to turn and bind them to each other with exactness. But if you have nothing in common with your member, you have nothing in common with your brother, nor do you have Christ as your head. The Jews frighten you as if you were little children, and you do not perceive it. For just as many of the defiled servants, showing fearful and ridiculous masks to those children (for they are not fearful by nature, but appear so because of the simplicity of the mind), provoke much laughter; so indeed also do the Jews frighten the more imperfect of the Christians like bogies. For how are the things among them fearsome, the things full of much shame and laughter, the things of those who have stumbled, of those who have been dishonored, of those who have been condemned?

4. But our things are not such, but are truly fearsome and full of shuddering. For where God is, who has authority over life and death, this place is fearsome; where there are countless words about immortal punishments, about the rivers of fire, about the

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ἐσταύρωσαν, τοῦ Πνεύματος τὴν βοήθειαν ἀπεκρούσαντο, τίς οὐκ ἂν θαῤῥῶν ἀποφήνηται, τῶν δαιμόνων καταγώγιον εἶναι τὸν τόπον; Οὐ προσκυνεῖται Θεὸς ἐκεῖ, μὴ γένοιτο· ἀλλ' εἰδωλολατρείας ἐκεῖνο τὸ χωρίον λοιπόν ἐστιν· ἀλλ' ὅμως τινὲς ὡς σεμνοῖς ἐκείνοις τοῖς τόποις προσέχουσι. Καὶ ταῦτα οὐχὶ στοχαζόμενος λέγω, ἀλλ' αὐτῇ τῇ πείρᾳ μαθών. Καὶ γὰρ πρὸ τούτων τῶν τριῶν ἡμερῶν πιστεύσατε, οὐ ψεύδομαι γυναῖκά τινα εὐσχήμονα καὶ ἐλευθέραν, κοσμίαν καὶ πιστὴν, εἶδον ἀναγκαζομένην ὑπό τινος μιαροῦ καὶ ἀναισθήτου, δοκοῦντος εἶναι Χριστιανοῦ οὐ γὰρ ἂν εἴποιμι τὸν τὰ τοιαῦτα τολμῶντα Χριστιανὸν εἰλικρινῆ, εἰς τὰ τῶν Ἑβραίων εἰσελθεῖν, κἀκεῖ παρασχεῖν ὅρκον περὶ τῶν ἀμφισβητουμένων αὐτῷ πραγμάτων· ὡς δὲ προσελθοῦσα ἡ γυνὴ πρὸς συμμαχίαν ἐκάλει, καὶ τὴν ἄνομον βίαν κωλῦσαι ἠξίου οὐ γὰρ εἶναι θεμιτὸν αὐτῇ τῶν θείων μετασχούσῃ μυστηρίων, πρὸς ἐκεῖνον τὸν τόπον ἐλθεῖν, ἐμπρησθεὶς οὖν ὑπὸ ζήλου, καὶ πυρωθεὶς, καὶ διαναστὰς, ταύτην μὲν οὐκ εἴασα λοιπὸν ἐπὶ τὴν παρανομίαν ἑλκυσθῆναι ἐκείνην, ἐξήρπασα δὲ τῆς ἀδίκου ταύτης ἀπαγωγῆς. Ἐπεὶ δὲ τὸν ἕλκοντα ἠρόμην εἰ Χριστιανὸς εἴη, κἀκεῖνος ὡμολόγησεν, ἐπεκείμην σφοδρῶς, ἀναισθησίαν ἐγκαλῶν καὶ τὴν ἐσχάτην ἄνοιαν, καὶ ὄνων οὐδὲν ἄμεινον διακεῖσθαι ἔλεγον, εἰ τὸν Χριστὸν λέγων προσκυνεῖν, ἐπὶ τὰ σπήλαια τῶν Ἰουδαίων, τῶν σταυρωσάντων αὐτὸν, ἕλκοι τινά· καὶ μακρὸν κατέτεινα πρὸς αὐτὸν λόγον, πρῶτον μὲν, ὅτι οὐ θέμις ὅλως ὀμνύναι, οὐδὲ ἀνάγκην ἐπάγειν ὅρκων, διδάσκων ἀπὸ τῶν θείων Εὐαγγελίων· ἔπειτα, 48.848 ὅτι οὐ μόνον οὐχὶ πιστὴν καὶ μεμυημένην, ἀλλ' οὐδὲ ἀμύητόν τινα πρὸς ταύτην ἕλκειν ἐχρῆν τὴν ἀνάγκην. Ὡς δὲ ἐξέβαλον διὰ πολλῶν καὶ μακρῶν λόγων τὴν πεπλανημένην ὑπόνοιαν τῆς ἐκείνου ψυχῆς, ἠρώτων τὴν αἰτίαν, δι' ἣν τὴν Ἐκκλησίαν ἀφεὶς, ἐπὶ τὰ τῶν Ἑβραίων εἷλκε συνέδρια. Ὁ δὲ πολλοὺς ἔφη πρὸς αὐτὸν εἰρηκέναι, φοβερωτέρους τοὺς ἐκεῖ γινομένους ὅρκους εἶναι. Ἐπὶ τούτοις ἐστέναξα, καὶ ἐνεπρήσθην ὑπὸ θυμοῦ, καὶ μετὰ ταῦτα ἐγέλων πάλιν. Τὴν μὲν γὰρ τοῦ διαβόλου κακουργίαν ὁρῶν, ἐστέναζον, οἷα τοὺς ἀνθρώπους ἀναπείθειν ἴσχυσε· τὴν δὲ ῥᾳθυμίαν τῶν ἀπατωμένων λογιζόμενος, ἐνεπιμπράμην ὑπὸ τοῦ θυμοῦ· καὶ τὴν ἄνοιαν πάλιν τῶν ἀπατηθέντων ὅση καὶ ἡλίκη τις ἦν σκοπῶν, ἐγέλων. Ταῦτα δὲ εἶπον πρὸς ὑμᾶς καὶ διηγησάμην, ἐπειδὴ πρὸς τοὺς τὰ τοιαῦτα καὶ ποιοῦντας καὶ πάσχοντας ἀπανθρώπως καὶ ἀναλγήτως διάκεισθε· κἂν ἴδητέ τινα τῶν ἀδελφῶν τῶν ὑμετέρων εἰς παρανομίας τοιαύτας ἐμπίπτοντα, ἀλλοτρίαν, οὐκ οἰκείαν ἡγεῖσθε τὴν συμφορὰν εἶναι, καὶ πρὸς τοὺς ἐγκαλοῦντας ἀπολογεῖσθαι νομίζετε, λέγοντες, Ἐμοὶ γὰρ τί μέλει; τίς δέ μοι κοινὸς πρὸς ἐκεῖνόν ἐστι λόγος; ἐσχάτης μισανθρωπίας καὶ Σατανικῆς ὠμότητος φθεγγόμενοι ῥήματα. Τί λέγεις; ἄνθρωπος ὢν, καὶ τῆς αὐτῆς κοινωνῶν φύσεως, μᾶλλον δὲ, εἰ δεῖ φύσεως κοινωνίαν εἰπεῖν, κεφαλὴν μίαν ἔχων τὸν Χριστὸν, τολμᾷς εἰπεῖν, ὅτι οὐδέν σοι κοινόν ἐστι πρὸς τὰ μέλη τὰ σά; Πῶς οὖν τὸν Χριστὸν ὁμολογεῖς σὺ κεφαλὴν εἶναι τῆς Ἐκκλησίας; καὶ γὰρ ἡ κεφαλὴ πάντα τὰ μέλη συνάπτειν πέφυκε, καὶ πρὸς ἑαυτὰ μετὰ ἀκριβείας ἐπιστρέφειν τε καὶ συνδεῖν. Εἰ δὲ μηδὲν κοινὸν ἔχεις πρὸς τὸ μέλος σου, οὐδὲ πρὸς τὸν ἀδελφόν σου ἔχεις τι κοινὸν, οὐδὲ κεφαλὴν ἔχεις τὸν Χριστόν. Ὡς παιδία μικρὰ φοβοῦσιν ὑμᾶς Ἰουδαῖοι, καὶ οὐκ αἰσθάνεσθε. Καθάπερ γὰρ τοῖς παιδίοις ἐκείνοις προσωπεῖα δεικνύντες φοβερὰ καὶ καταγέλαστα τῶν μιαρῶν οἰκετῶν πολλοὶ οὐ γάρ ἐστι φύσει φοβερὰ, ἀλλὰ διὰ τὸ εὐτελὲς τῆς διανοίας τοιαῦτα φαίνεται πολὺν κινοῦσι γέλωτα· οὕτω δὴ καὶ τοὺς ἀτελεστέρους τῶν Χριστιανῶν μορμολύττονται Ἰουδαῖοι. Πῶς γὰρ τὰ παρ' αὐτοῖς φοβερὰ, τὰ πολλῆς αἰσχύνης καὶ γέλωτος γέμοντα, τὰ τῶν προσκεκρουκότων, τὰ τῶν ἠτιμωμένων, τὰ τῶν καταδίκων;

δʹ. Ἀλλ' οὐ τὰ ἡμέτερα τοιαῦτα, ἀλλ' ὄντως φοβερὰ καὶ φρίκης ἀνάμεστα. Ἔνθα γὰρ Θεός ἐστι ζωῆς καὶ θανάτου ἐξουσίαν ἔχων, οὗτος φοβερὸς ὁ τόπος· ἔνθα μυρίοι περὶ κολάσεων ἀθανάτων λόγοι, περὶ τῶν πυρίνων ποταμῶν, περὶ τοῦ