John Chrysostom, On the Centurion

with waters his upper chambers? How then will my poor lodging receive as a fellow-lodger the one who measured the heaven with a span? What roof will contain the one who contains the entire heaven and earth together? I am not worthy that you should enter under my roof. As a benefactor I seize the entry, but as a judge I dread the confidence 61.772. You are the overseer of souls, the examiner of kidneys, the searcher of the heart and the judge of sins. I am not worthy that you should enter under my roof. I fear for myself; Say a word, therefore, and my servant will be healed. Does it not seem to you that [the one speaking], "Speak by word only," clearly knew that by the Word of the Lord the heavens were established, and all the host of them, and that all things come into being by the Word and are held together and governed? For being enlightened by a divine thought, the man suddenly saw Jesus in the body, recognizing him as the Son of God. Speak, he says, by word only. I know what the wise Solomon prophesied about you; Neither herb nor poultice healed your people, but your word, O Lord, which heals all things. Speak by word only. I know whose Word you are called, and how much power you happen to possess, and that you have continued to do all things by a word. The Father did not travail when begetting you; you do not travail when making, you do not travail when creating. Speak by word only. For your word happens to be most effective for all things, not striking the air, but declaring your will.

Speak therefore by word only; give the signal for the full assurance of those who hear. Behold the understanding, he beseeches him to postpone his arrival, but does not circumscribe his knowledge; for he testifies to his knowledge, but declines his substance on the road. But this so wise a thought is succeeded by another, greater one. For thus from power to power the man advances, and from him springs a wealth of worthy thoughts, becoming new in the increases of contemplations. Speak by word only, and my servant will be healed. For I too am a man placed under authority, having soldiers under me; and I say to this one, Go, and he goes; and to another, Come, and he comes; and to my slave, Do this, and he does it. I know, he says, that though girded with authority over all things, you have come among us as one of all. You came to us as we are, having authority over all things, as the holy David says; By your ordinance the day continues, for all things are your servants. You sleep, and the sea is stirred up; you arise, and the waves become calm. You call the dead and the dead man obeys more swiftly than the living. Speak by a word, and my servant will be healed. For I too am a man placed under authority. Here he indicates that he hinders the soul's self-determined impulse from advancing to better things. I have, he says, soldiers under myself. He calls soldiers the various and different reasonings that lurk in man. For the blessed Paul knows to name these soldiers; I delight, he says, in the law according to the inner man; but I see another law warring against the law of my mind, and making me captive to the law of sin.

Rightly, therefore, he said, I have soldiers under me; I do not have them against me; and I say to this one, Go, and he goes; and to another, Come, and he comes; I am not ruled, but I rule my thoughts. Perhaps the centurion is also called a centurion for this reason, as a ruler and master of his passions, showing us such endurance in the irrational passions; may it be that we all attain it, by the grace and loving-kindness of our Lord Jesus Christ, to whom be the glory and the power, now and ever, and unto the ages of ages. Amen.

ὕδασι τὰ ὑπερῷα αὐτοῦ; πῶς δὲ τὸ πενιχρόν μου καταγώγιον ὁμόσκηνον δέξεται τὸν σπιθαμῇ τὸν οὐρανὸν μετρήσαντα; ποία στέγη χωρήσει τὸν σύμπαντα τὸν οὐρανὸν καὶ τὴν γῆν χωροῦντα ὁμοῦ; Οὐκ εἰμὶ ἱκανὸς ἵνα μου ὑπὸ τὴν στέγην εἰσέλθῃς. Ὡς μὲν εὐεργέτου τὴν εἴσοδον ἁρπάζω, ὡς δὲ κριτοῦ τὴν παῤῥησίαν εὐλαβοῦ 61.772 μαι. Ἐπίσκοπος εἶ ψυχῶν, ἐξεταστὴς νεφρῶν, ἐρευνητὴς καρδίας καὶ κριτὴς ἁμαρτιῶν. Οὐκ εἰμὶ ἱκανὸς ἵνα μου ὑπὸ τὴν στέγην εἰσέλθῃς. ∆έδοικα ἐμαυτόν· Εἰπὲ οὖν λόγον, καὶ ἰαθήσεται ὁ παῖς μου. Ἆρα οὐ δοκεῖ σοι [ὁ λέγων], Εἰπὲ λόγῳ μόνον, σαφῶς εἰδέναι, ὅτι Λόγῳ Κυρίου οἱ οὐρανοὶ ἐστερεώθησαν, καὶ πᾶσα ἡ δύναμις αὐτῶν, καὶ ὅτι πάντα Λόγῳ γινόμενα καὶ συνέχεται καὶ διοικεῖται; Ἀπὸ γὰρ θείας ἐννοίας φωτισθεὶς ὁ ἀνὴρ ἀθρόον τὸν Ἰησοῦν σώματι ἑώρα, τοῦτον Υἱὸν Θεοῦ γνωρίζων. Εἰπὲ, φησὶ, λόγῳ μόνον. Οἶδα τί προηγόρευσεν ὁ σοφὸς Σολομὼν περὶ σοῦ· Οὔτε βοτάνη, οὔτε μάλαγμα ἐθεράπευσε τὸν λαόν σου, ἀλλ' ὁ λόγος ὁ σὸς, Κύριε, ὁ πάντα ἰώμενος. Εἰπὲ λόγῳ μόνον. Οἶδα τίνος Λόγος χρηματίζεις, καὶ ὅσην κεκτημένος τὴν δύναμιν τυγχάνεις, καὶ ὅτι λόγῳ τὰ πάντα ποιῶν διετέλεσας. Οὐκ ὤδινεν ὁ Πατὴρ ἐπὶ σοὶ γεννῶν σε· οὐκ ὠδίνεις ποιῶν, οὐκ ὠδίνεις δημιουργῶν. Εἰπὲ λόγῳ μόνον. Ὁ γὰρ λόγος σου πρὸς πάντα ἀνυσιμώτατος τυγχάνει, οὐ τὸν ἀέρα πλήττων, ἀλλὰ τὴν σὴν θέλησιν δηλῶν.

Εἰπὲ οὖν λόγῳ μόνον· δὸς τὸ σύνθημα εἰς πληροφορίαν τῶν ἀκουόντων. Βλέπε σύνεσιν, τὴν μὲν ἄφιξιν ὑπερθέσθαι παρακαλεῖ, τὴν δὲ γνῶσιν οὐ περιγράφει· τὴν μὲν γὰρ γνῶσιν αὐτῷ μαρτυρεῖ, τὴν δὲ ὑπόστασιν εἰς ὁδὸν παραιτεῖται. Ταύτην δὲ τὴν οὕτω σοφὴν ἔννοιαν διαδέχεται ἄλλη τις μείζων. Οὕτω γὰρ ἀπὸ δυνάμεως εἰς δύναμιν ὁ ἀνὴρ προβαίνει, καὶ πηγάζει παρ' αὐτῷ ἀξιολόγων νοημάτων πλοῦτος, νεάζων ἐν ταῖς τῶν θεωρημάτων ἐπιδόσεσιν. Εἰπὲ λόγῳ μόνον, καὶ ἰαθήσεται ὁ παῖς μου. Καὶ γὰρ ἐγὼ ἄνθρωπός εἰμι ὑπὸ ἐξουσίαν τασσόμενος, ἔχων ὑπ' ἐμαυτὸν στρατιώτας· καὶ λέγω τούτῳ. Πορεύου, καὶ πορεύεται· καὶ ἄλλῳ, Ἔρχου, καὶ ἔρχεται· καὶ τῷ δούλῳ, Ποίησον τοῦτο, καὶ ποιεῖ. Οἶδα, φησὶν, ὅτι τῶν πάντων τὴν ἐξουσίαν περιεζωσμένος, ὡς εἷς τῶν πάντων πρὸς ἡμᾶς ἐπεδήμησας. Ἦλθες πρὸς ἡμᾶς ὡς ἡμεῖς, πάντων ἔχων τὴν ἐξουσίαν, ὡς λέγει ὁ ἅγιος ∆αυΐδ· Τῇ διατάξει σου διαμένει ἡμέρα, ὅτι τὰ σύμπαντα δοῦλα σά. Καθεύδεις, καὶ ἡ θάλασσα διανίσταται· ἀνίστασαι, καὶ γαληνιᾷ τὰ κύματα. Τεθνεῶτας καλεῖς καὶ ὁ τεθνεὼς τοῦ ζῶντος ὀξύτερον ὑπακούει. Εἰπὲ λόγῳ, καὶ ἰαθήσεται ὁ παῖς μου. Καὶ γὰρ ἐγὼ ἄνθρωπός εἰμι ὑπὸ ἐξουσίαν τασσόμενος. Ἐνταῦθα τὴν τῆς ψυχῆς αὐτεξούσιον ὁρμὴν κωλύειν τοῦ ἐπὶ τὰ κρείττονα παραβαίνειν δηλοῖ. Ἔχω, φησὶν, ὑπ' ἐμαυτὸν στρατιώτας. Στρατιώτας τοὺς ἐν τῷ ἀνθρώπῳ ποικίλους καὶ διαφόρους ἐμφωλεύοντας λογισμοὺς καλεῖ. Οἶδε γὰρ ὁ μακάριος Παῦλος τούτους στρατιώτας ὀνομάζειν· Συνήδομαι, φησὶ, τῷ νόμῳ κατὰ τὸν ἔσω ἄνθρωπον· ὁρῶ δὲ ἕτερον νόμον ἀντιστρατευόμενον τῷ νόμῳ τοῦ νοός μου, καὶ αἰχμαλωτίζοντά με τῷ νόμῳ τῆς ἁμαρτίας.

Εἰκότως οὖν ἔλεγεν, Ἔχω ὑπ' ἐμαυτὸν στρατιώτας· οὐ κατ' ἐμαυτοῦ ἔχω· καὶ λέγω τούτῳ, Πορεύου, καὶ πορεύεται· καὶ ἄλλῳ, Ἔρχου, καὶ ἔρχεται· οὐκ ἄρχομαι, ἀλλ' ἄρχω τῶν λογισμῶν. Τάχα που ὁ ἑκατόνταρχος καὶ διὰ τοῦτο κέκληται ἑκατόνταρχος, ὡς ἄρχων καὶ αὐτοκράτωρ τῶν παθῶν, τοσαύτην ἐν τοῖς ἀλόγοις πάθεσιν ἡμῖν καρτερίαν ἐπιδεικνύμενος· ἧς γένοιτο πάντας ἡμᾶς ἐπιτυχεῖν, χάριτι καὶ φιλανθρωπίᾳ τοῦ Κυρίου ἡμῶν Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ, ᾧ ἡ δόξα καὶ τὸ κράτος, νῦν καὶ ἀεὶ, καὶ εἰς τοὺς αἰῶνας τῶν αἰώνων. Ἀμήν.