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we owe, because to rule is a matter of authority, so that one who commands might be master. 6.19 If then this does not happen now, has he then told us when—when we ourselves are also perfected to become heirs of the covenant of the Lord.

7.1 Therefore understand, children of gladness, that the good Lord has revealed all things to us beforehand, so that we may know him whom we ought to praise, giving thanks in all things. 7.2 If then the Son of God, being Lord and about to judge the living and the dead, suffered so that his wound might give us life, let us believe that the Son of God could not suffer except for our sakes. 7.3a But also when crucified he was given vinegar and gall to drink. Hear how the priests of the temple have made this manifest, a commandment having been written: “Whoever does not fast the fast, shall be utterly destroyed by death.” The Lord commanded, since he himself was about to offer the vessel of the Spirit as a sacrifice for our sins, so that the type which happened to Isaac, who was offered upon the altar, might be accomplished. 7.4a What then does he say in the prophet? “And let them eat of the goat offered on the fast for all sins.” Pay close attention: “And let the priests alone, all of them, eat the inwards unwashed with vinegar.” 7.5a To what end? “Since me, who am about to offer my flesh for the sins of my new people, you are about to give gall with vinegar to drink, you alone eat, while the people fast and mourn in sackcloth and ashes” — to show that he must suffer at their hands. 7.6a How then did he command? Pay attention: “Take two goats, good and alike, and offer them, and let the priest take the one for a whole burnt offering for sins.” But the other one, what shall they do with it? “Accursed,” he says, “is the one.” 7.7 Pay attention, how the type of Jesus is revealed. 7.8a “And spit on it, all of you, and pierce it, and put the scarlet wool around its head, and so let it be cast into the desert.” And when this is done, the one who takes the goat leads it into the desert and takes off the wool and places it on a thorny bush which is called rache, whose shoots we are accustomed to eat when we find them in the country. Thus the fruits of the rache alone are sweet. 7.9a What then is this also? Pay attention: “The one for the altar, and the one accursed,” and that the accursed one is crowned. Because they will see him then on that day having the scarlet robe around his flesh and they will say: “Is not this he whom we once crucified, having scorned and pierced and spit upon? Truly this was he who then said he was the Son of God.” 7.10a For how is he like him? For this reason the goats are “alike” and “good,” equal, so that when they see him coming then, they may be astonished at the likeness of the goat. Therefore see the type of the suffering Jesus. 7.11a But what of this, that they place the wool in the midst of the thorns? It is a type of Jesus set for the church, that whoever wishes to take away the scarlet wool must suffer much because the thorn is terrible, and having been afflicted, gain dominion over it. “Thus,” he says, “those who wish to see me and to lay hold of my kingdom must, through affliction and suffering, receive me.”

8.1 And what type do you think it is, that it has been commanded to Israel that the men in whom sins are complete should offer a heifer, and having slain it, burn it, and then that children should take up the ashes and put them into vessels and place the scarlet wool upon a piece of wood—see again the type of the cross and the scarlet wool—and the hyssop, and that thus the children should sprinkle the people one by one, so that they may be purified from their sins? 8.2a Understand how he speaks to you in simplicity. The calf is Jesus; the men offering are the sinners who brought him to the slaughter. Then no longer men, no longer the glory of sinners. 8.3 The children who sprinkle are those who preached to us the good news of the forgiveness of sins and the purification of the heart, to whom

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ὀφείλομεν, ὅτι τὸ ἄρχειν ἐξουσίας ἐστίν, ἵνα τις ἐπιτάξας κυριεύσῃ. 6.19 Εἰ οὖν οὐ γίνεται τοῦτο νῦν, ἄρα ἡμῖν εἴρηκεν πότε-ὅταν καὶ αὐτοὶ τελειωθῶμεν κληρονόμοι τῆς διαθήκης κυρίου γενέσθαι.

7.1 Οὐκοῦν νοεῖτε, τέκνα εὐφροσύνης, ὅτι πάντα ὁ καλὸς κύριος προεφανέρωσεν ἡμῖν, ἵνα γνῶμεν ᾧ κατὰ πάντα εὐχα ριστοῦντες ὀφείλομεν αἰνεῖν. 7.2 Εἰ οὖν ὁ υἱὸς τοῦ θεοῦ, ὢν κύριος καὶ μέλλων κρίνειν ζῶντας καὶ νεκρούς, ἔπαθεν ἵνα ἡ πληγὴ αὐτοῦ ζωοποιήσῃ ἡμᾶς, πιστεύσωμεν ὅτι ὁ υἱὸς τοῦ θεοῦ οὐκ ἠδύνατο παθεῖν εἰ μὴ δι' ἡμᾶς. 7.3a Ἀλλὰ καὶ σταυρωθεὶς ἐποτίζετο ὄξει καὶ χολῇ. Ἀκούσατε, πῶς περὶ τούτου πεφανέρωκαν οἱ ἱερεῖς τοῦ ναοῦ, γεγραμμένης ἐντολῆς· «Ὃς ἂν μὴ νηστεύσῃ τὴν νησ τείαν, θανάτῳ ἐξολεθρευθήσεται.» Ἐνετείλατο κύριος, ἐπεὶ καὶ αὐτὸς ὑπὲρ τῶν ἡμετέρων ἁμαρτιῶν ἔμελλεν τὸ σκεῦος τοῦ πνεύματος προσφέρειν θυσίαν, ἵνα καὶ ὁ τύπος ὁ γενόμενος ἐπὶ Ἰσαὰκ τοῦ προσενεχθέντος ἐπὶ τὸ θυσιαστήριον τελεσθῇ. 7.4a Τί οὖν λέγει ἐν τῷ προφήτῃ; «Καὶ φαγέ τωσαν ἐκ τοῦ τράγου τοῦ προσφερομένου τῇ νηστείᾳ ὑπὲρ πασῶν τῶν ἁμαρτιῶν.» Προσέχετε ἀκριβῶς· «Καὶ φαγέτωσαν οἱ ἱερεῖς μόνοι πάντες τὸ ἔντερον ἄπλυτον μετὰ ὄξους.» 7.5a Πρὸς τί; «Ἐπειδὴ ἐμὲ ὑπὲρ ἁμαρτιῶν μέλ λοντα τοῦ λαοῦ μου τοῦ καινοῦ προσφέρειν τὴν σάρκα μου μέλλετε ποτίζειν χολὴν μετὰ ὄξους, φάγετε ὑμεῖς μόνοι, τοῦ λαοῦ νηστεύοντος καὶ κοπτομένου ἐπὶ σάκκου καὶ σποδοῦ» - ἵνα δείξῃ ὅτι δεῖ αὐτὸν παθεῖν ὑπ' αὐτῶν. 7.6a Πῶς οὖν ἐνετείλατο; προσέχετε· «Λάβετε δύο τράγους καλοὺς καὶ ὁμοίους καὶ προσενέγκατε, καὶ λαβέτω ὁ ἱερεὺς τὸν ἕνα εἰς ὁλοκαύτωμα ὑπὲρ ἁμαρτιῶν. » Τὸν δὲ ἕνα τί ποιήσουσιν; «Ἐπικατάρατος», φησίν, «ὁ εἷς». 7.7 Προ σέχετε, πῶς ὁ τύπος τοῦ Ἰησοῦ φανεροῦται. 7.8a «Καὶ ἐμπτύσατε πάντες καὶ κατακεντήσατε καὶ περίθετε τὸ ἔριον τὸ κόκκινον περὶ τὴν κεφαλὴν αὐτοῦ, καὶ οὕτως εἰς ἔρημον βληθήτω. » Καὶ ὅταν γένηται οὕτως, ἄγει ὁ βαστά ζων τὸν τράγον εἰς τὴν ἔρημον καὶ ἀφαιρεῖ τὸ ἔριον καὶ ἐπιτίθησιν αὐτὸ ἐπὶ φρύγανον τὸ λεγόμενον ῥαχῆ, οὗ καὶ τοὺς βλαστοὺς εἰώθαμεν τρώγειν ἐν τῇ χώρᾳ εὑρίσκοντες. Οὕτως μόνης τῆς ῥαχῆς οἱ καρποὶ γλυκεῖς εἰσίν. 7.9a Τί οὖν καὶ τοῦτο; προσέχετε· «Τὸν μὲν ἕνα ἐπὶ τὸ θυσιαστήριον, τὸν δὲ ἕνα ἐπικατάρατον», καὶ ὅτι τὸν ἐπικατά ρατον ἐστεφανωμένον. Ἐπειδὴ ὄψονται αὐτὸν τότε τῇ ἡμέρᾳ τὸν ποδήρη ἔχοντα τὸν κόκκινον περὶ τὴν σάρκα καὶ ἐροῦσιν· «Οὐχ οὗτός ἐστιν, ὅν ποτε ἡμεῖς ἐσταυρώσαμεν ἐξουθενήσαντες καὶ κατακεντήσαντες καὶ ἐμπτύσαντες; ἀληθῶς οὗτος ἦν, ὁ τότε λέγων ἑαυτὸν υἱὸν θεοῦ εἶναι. » 7.10a Πῶς γὰρ ὅμοιος ἐκείνῳ; εἰς τοῦτο «ὁμοίους» τοὺς τράγους καὶ «καλούς», ἴσους, ἵνα ὅταν ἴδωσιν αὐτὸν τότε ἐρχόμενον, ἐκπλαγῶσιν ἐπὶ τῇ ὁμοιότητι τοῦ τράγου. Οὐκοῦν ἴδε τὸν τύπον τοῦ μέλλοντος πάσχειν Ἰησοῦ. 7.11a Τί δέ, ὅτι τὸ ἔριον εἰς μέσον τῶν ἀκανθῶν τιθέασιν; τύπος ἐστὶν τοῦ Ἰησοῦ τῇ ἐκκλησίᾳ κείμενος, ὅτι ὃς ἐὰν θέλῃ τὸ ἔριον ἆραι τὸ κόκκινον, δεῖ αὐτὸν πολλὰ παθεῖν διὰ τὸ εἶναι φοβερὰν τὴν ἄκανθαν, καὶ θλιβέντα κυριεῦσαι αὐτοῦ. «Οὕτως», φησίν, «οἱ θέλοντές με ἰδεῖν καὶ ἅψασθαί μου τῆς βασιλείας ὀφείλουσιν θλιβέντες καὶ παθόντες λαβεῖν με».

8.1 Τίνα δὲ δοκεῖτε τύπον εἶναι, ὅτι ἐντέταλται τῷ Ἰσραὴλ προσφέρειν δάμαλιν τοὺς ἄνδρας, ἐν οἷς εἰσὶν ἁμαρτίαι τέλειαι, καὶ σφάξαντας κατακαίειν, καὶ αἴρειν τότε τὴν σποδὸν παιδία καὶ βάλλειν εἰς ἄγγη καὶ περιτιθέναι τὸ ἔριον τὸ κόκκινον ἐπὶ ξύλου-ἴδε πάλιν ὁ τύπος τοῦ σταυροῦ καὶ τὸ ἔριον τὸ κόκκινον-καὶ τὸ ὕσσωπον, καὶ οὕτως ῥαντίζειν τὰ παιδία καθ' ἕνα τὸν λαόν, ἵνα ἁγνίζωνται ἀπὸ τῶν ἁμαρτιῶν; 8.2a Νοεῖτε, πῶς ἐν ἁπλότητι λέγει ὑμῖν. Ὁ μόσχος Ἰησοῦς ἐστίν, οἱ προσφέροντες ἄνδρες ἁμαρτωλοὶ οἱ προσε νέγκαντες αὐτὸν ἐπὶ τὴν σφαγήν. Εἶτα οὐκέτι ἄνδρες, οὐκέτι ἁμαρτωλῶν ἡ δόξα. 8.3 Οἱ ῥαντίζοντες παῖδες οἱ εὐαγγελισάμενοι ἡμῖν τὴν ἄφεσιν τῶν ἁμαρτιῶν καὶ τὸν ἁγνισμὸν τῆς καρδίας, οἷς