De capta thessalonica 3 a work by eustathios of thessalonica on its hopefully later capture, which had been weakened by a narrative of cachexia during

 Bearable and full of mourning and wanting springs of tears and some such things, but he who, as they say, was sown in a net and, like us, was caught u

 Most people raised their eyes as to mountains, to the acropolis, where they eagerly awaited help would be for them. but what especially accuses the gr

 Having practiced stretching out his hands like a woman to his pursuers, to slip into a fortress and to give trouble to those who ran after him, lest t

 David, who had lost his senses, whom i had previously blessed when he was in his right mind. and i thus also admired the emperor andronikos in other t

 Completely under age, not only unable to rule a very great empire by himself, but not even to be firmly disposed as boys are, of course, he had alread

 The protostrator alexios and john the eparch, and imprisonment held them and before that, things exceedingly dishonorable. but the boiling of anger on

 For should one measure things beyond measure?) a great disturbance of those of the palace, as much as was for god and the truth according to him, of

 But when the illusion proved false and the war was brought to an end in the late afternoon, having cast down many and filled the southern cemetery, th

 Thus men suffer for for the most part we multiply and magnify what we admire, as being unable to be precise because the soul is confounded by astound

 The present evils are fitting. and to recount the terrible things of that time, all that the latins saw, the fire which spread through their quarters,

 Kontostephanos, an energetic and sensible man, and countless others. but these things were unknown to the crowd and they did not know that he raged ag

 And he also sent them into exile into perpetual banishment. and after a short while, having divided those who had been imprisoned, he separated them i

 To be shamed but if not even so he should yield, being stubborn, to try even violence, and they say it is better for that one to suffer what he does

 Moreover and not enduring it if, having just found an opportunity, he would not take wing, like some demonic figure, he himself tries to surpass in ev

 Having said what seemed best, he was quiet. and for the rest, so that i may not chatter on about worldly unpleasantness, a rush of evils takes place t

 Manuel, and he curses, that he would not come to a worthy state of living in peace, that those alone would be grandeurs when his father died. and he b

 The marchese was left to remain in peace, just as neither was the kral of hungary and any other powerful neighbor. and generally, wherever there was m

 A certain boy, who appeared to be of a similar complexion and age to the emperor alexios. and that child was, they say, a peasant boy from somewhere i

 He annihilated the rest. and his knights were so boastful in their nature that each would stand against three hundred men in war, not at all unlike co

 About to happen, inferring it from many signs. we, at least, anticipating the enemy's attack, sent away those who were children of constantinople with

 For the man was truly master of his hands but he provoked the victorious one to exhaust his desire to laugh at the emperor, and drove the matter to a

 Laws of city-takers, in which, on account of their unwieldiness from size, no effect shone forth, but those around the eastern parts, and they were es

 Not to meddle further, unless they should choose to suffer evils. though he was obliged to supply sufficient grain for the city, he neglected it to su

 Having completely withdrawn his skill, lets the ship be dashed against a reef and sink to the bottom with its cargo and men. so too a guard of a fruit

 Of those seated around to release even one stone from a sling, then also to suggest to the sandal-stitchers on the walls to reproach the latins rounda

 The besiegers because the latins had entirely turned to resisting against choumnos, he, having with difficulty opened the gates and having allowed, fo

 To rebuke the general and to join in leading towards the good. and one might call these men, who had undertaken to remain in the city, no longer civil

 Stripping and running down the streets, known to those who saw them, thus giving proof that they were formerly conspirators. and there is no way that

 He wished, and as a result the enemy host was more emboldened, and even more so especially when, after choumnos had joined battle, though it was possi

 Very strongly fortified. we spoke thus, and the speech flowed away at random, itself as well. and the small stone-throwers were vexing the city, casti

 To the enemies. and with the soldiers shouting in a common cry, komnenos, halt and dismount, he, as if snorting back a final mount up and as you

 But i think this was stranger than that, that when rain poured down from what the enemies were scattering, plowing, indeed, but not sowing the beautif

 In blood, i was led about on horseback through heaps of others, the greater part of whom lay strewn before the wall, so densely packed, that my little

 Of the storm. and if it were made useless for the trees, and especially the fig trees, whose unripe fruit was unlawfully served to the savage beasts f

 But this would be judged as bordering on fighting against god. for the barbarians, rushing in even against each one of them, were committing all sorts

 They tore down when they arrived. and the ruler restrained the murders there, but there was no stopping the suffocation of those who fled into the chu

 By the command of the counts. and it was a sabbath, not having a flight, which one might evangelically pray to avert, but the destruction of so great

 Redness. it was therefore a task to recognize even one's dearest friend among them and each man would ask each other who on earth he might be, becaus

 Thus confounding good order and dissolving the sacred harmony. and i spoke reverently about this also to count alduin, if somehow order might be estab

 To crush the man, goading the horse to kick. thus did these men love us, frequently for every word and every deed putting forward as a justification f

 Of the longed for ones the executioners, or may they have pity. for something like this did indeed happen at times, as if a hungry and biting lion, th

 To relate moderate things out of countless ones but the events of the nights, not even they fail to rival these in contention. and for a time, with t

 They grieved those who kept treasure-houses by ransacking them for the sake of wealth, thus themselves implying that they understood hades as plouton.

 Through all of us and most provident. for it is reported to us that he ordered all-night vigils around the great churches, he jesting even then. for w

 They busied their swords upon them, and afterwards they left completely empty what it contained within, both things for healing and with which the suf

 They cast our people in, and declaring blessed not them but the disease, and now perhaps even death according to the people of gades, among whom hades

 Is fitting, but only by thanksgivings and glory to the most high, from whom and through whom are our affairs. what then prevents me from ceasing after

 Mercilessness towards those who offend in some small way, from which came the merciless thing that just now cast us down, a most just thing, since we,

completely under age, not only unable to rule a very great empire by himself, but not even to be firmly disposed as boys are, of course, he had already entrusted his son to his mother as guardian, who was beautiful and an object of desire, even if she promised that these desires would be hidden, spiritually clouding the sun of her beauty with a black robe. Those desires, then, having been kindled, as they themselves might know, ignited a worldly evil. And there were indeed others to be regent, among whom was also the one appointed to be patriarch, Theodosios, who was extraordinary in virtues and speech, whom the city of the Antiochenes provided to the Great City as a most precious good, but the woman took precedence, as both a woman and a mother, and was henceforth a target herself because she was prominent, and some, according to the law of love, secretly shot arrows at her, if somehow the shot might mediate, as it seemed, for the attainment of the empire. But Alexios Komnenos outdid the rest, being a nephew of the emperor Manuel, and holding the dignity of 20 protosebastos, and he paid attention to the empress, the mother of the emperor, more than the others. Therefore jealousy crept in from this and, as they say, looking askance at the man like in a game of ostracinda, it did not cease weaving various plots, if somehow it might contrive his removal. And it somehow seemed thus to the then leading men of noble birth, a cloak of conspiracy was woven against him, to strip and bind him, not for pleasure. And not a few others wove such a cloak, including the two sons of Andronikos, of the Komnenoi, who was a first cousin to the emperor Manuel, and as the common tongue would say, a first cousin, but later he sat himself on the imperial throne, not very fortunately either for himself or for those around him. The names of the two sons were, for the first-born, Manuel, and John for the one after him, whom the empire also recognized, just as it did his father not long after. And these two then conspired, and among them was also Alexios, a protostrator in rank, a legitimate nephew and exceedingly beloved by the emperor Manuel, and in addition John Doukas, the eparch, whom one might judge from his very appearance to excel in good things (and a great portion of jealousy was in these things), and the Caesars, the porphyrogenita Maria, whom Irene from the Alamans, that holy offspring, bore to the emperor Manuel, and her husband, John the marquis, a youth in age, but perfect in manliness. As often happens in such cases, where the ambush cannot be hidden to the end, but is revealed, all such men are discovered, with one of the ambushers informing against them, and a trial is convened. And the regent mother presides, already put forward as mistress of all by common vote, as she ought not to have been, and her son and emperor Alexios sits below. And those who hated the Protosebastos not trivially are accused, and after many intervening matters they are condemned, with the most profound Theodore Pantechnes awarding the prize for such righteous judgment in everything, the justiciar and head of the imperial household, against whom the great among patriarchs, wishing to oppose him, exhausted every contrivance in vain. For Pantechnes was truly "all-skilled." Therefore the brothers, Ma 22 nuel and John, are imprisoned in the great palace, and in addition the protostrator Alexios, and also the eparch; of the rest, some were released, truly as a stale dinner for those wishing to feast on them, but apparently out of friendship and because they were not under suspicion, others perished in various ways and as one would not expect to see; and many also voluntarily condemned themselves to exile, among whom was also the fine Lapardas, all-wise in matters of strategy, whom the sultan of the Turks chose to name "falcon" because of his intelligence and swiftness in action, who at that time was fortunately saved, but afterwards wretchedly fell into the snares of the emperor Andronikos and was himself destroyed. These things happened then. And for the time being, on about one day, the four dishonored men were captured, allegedly for conspiracy, Manuel and John the brothers, the

παναφήλικα, μὴ ὅτι γε βασιλείας μεγίστης κρατεῖν οὐκ ἔχοντα δι' ἑαυτοῦ, ἀλλ' οὐδὲ κατὰ παῖδας διατεθεῖσθαι στερεῶς, ἀμέλει καὶ ἐπέτρεψε φθάσας κηδεμόνι τὸν υἱὸν τῇ μητρί, ἐρώτων οὔσῃ ὡραίᾳ, εἰ καὶ κρύπτεσθαι αὐτοὺς ἐπηγγείλατο ἐκείνη, τὸν τοῦ κάλλους ἥλιον πνευματικῶς νεφώσασα κατὰ περιβολὴν μέλαιναν. Οἱ δὴ ἔρωτες ἐκεῖνοι πυρσεύσαντες, ὡς ἂν εἰδεῖεν αὐτοί, ἀνῆψαν κακὸν κοσμικόν. Καὶ ἦσαν μὲν καὶ ἄλλοι τοῦ ἐπιτροπεύειν, ἐν οἷς καὶ ὁ λαχὼν πατριαρχεῖν, ὁ καὶ τὰς ἀρετὰς καὶ τὸν λόγον περιττὸς Θεοδόσιος, ὃν ἡ τῶν Ἀντιοχέων τῇ Μεγαλοπόλει ἐχορήγησεν ἀγαθὸν πολυτίμητον, ἀλλ' ἡ γυνὴ προεῖχεν, οἷα καὶ γυνὴ καὶ μήτηρ, καὶ ἦν τοῦ λοιποῦ σκοπὸς αὐτὴ διὰ τὸ προφαίνεσθαι, καί τινες ἔρωτος νόμῳ ἐτοξάζοντο κατ' αὐτῆς λανθάνοντες, εἴ πως μεσιτεύσει τὰ τῆς βολῆς, ὡς ἐῴκει, πρὸς βασιλείας ἐπιτυχίαν. Ὑπερηκόντιζε δὲ τοὺς λοιποὺς Ἀλέξιος ὁ Κομνηνός, ἀδελφιδοῦς μὲν ὢν τῷ αὐτοκράτορι Μανουήλ, τὴν τοῦ πρωτοσεβαστοῦ δὲ ζώ 20 νην φέρων, καὶ προσείχετο τῇ δεσποίνῃ, τῇ τοῦ βασιλέως μητρί, πλέον τῶν ἄλλων. Ὑφέρπει οὖν ζῆλος ἐντεῦθεν καί, ὅ φασιν, ὀστρακίνδα κατὰ τοῦ ἀνδρὸς ὑποβλεψάμενος, οὐκ ἀνίει ἑλίττων στροφὰς ποικίλας, εἴ πως ἐκείνῳ μεθοδεύσει μετάστασιν. Καί πως οὕτω δόξαν τοῖς τηνικαῦτα προφέρουσι τῶν εὖ γεγονότων, συνθεσίας κατ' αὐτοῦ πέπλος ῥάπτεται, περιδύσων αὐτὸν καὶ συνέξων οὐ πρὸς ἡδονήν. Ὕφαναν δὲ τὸ τοιοῦτον πέπλωμα οὐκ ὀλίγοι τε ἕτεροι καὶ οἱ δύο παῖδες Ἀνδρονίκου, τοῦ ἐκ Κομνηνῶν, ὃς αὐτανέψιος μὲν ἦν τῷ βασιλεῖ Μανουήλ, καὶ ὡς ἂν ἡ πεδινὰ λαλοῦσα εἴποι γλῶσσα πρῶτος ἐξάδελφος, εἰς βασίλειον δὲ θρόνον ἑαυτὸν ἐκάθισεν ὕστερον οὐ πάνυ εὐτυχῶς οὔτ' αὐτῷ οὔτε τοῖς περὶ αὐτόν. Ὀνόματα δὲ τοῖν παίδοιν ἤστην, τῷ πρώτῳ μὲν κατὰ γέννησιν Μανουήλ, Ἰωάννης δὲ τῷ μετ' αὐτόν, ὃν καὶ αὐτὸν ἐγνώρισεν ἡ βασιλεία, καθὰ καὶ τὸν πατέρα μετ' οὐ πολύ. Καὶ οὗτοι μὲν δύο τότε συνωμοσάσθην, ἐν δὲ τοῖς καὶ Ἀλέξιος ἦν, πρωτοστράτωρ μὲν τὴν ἀξίαν, ἀνεψιαδοῦς δὲ γνήσιος καὶ ὑπερλίαν φιλητὸς τῷ βασιλεῖ Μανουήλ, πρὸς δὲ καὶ Ἰωάννης ∆ούκας, ὁ ἔπαρχος, ὃν καὶ ἐξ αὐτῆς θέας τεκμήραιτ' ἄν τις καλλιστεύειν ἐν ἀγαθοῖς (μεγάλη δ' ἐν τούτοις μοῖρα ζήλου), καὶ οἱ Καίσαρες, ἡ πορφυρογέννητος Μαρία, ἣν ὑπὸ τῷ βασιλεῖ Μανουὴλ ἡ ἐξ Ἀλαμανῶν Εἰρήνη, τὸ ἅγιον ἐκείνη γέννημα, ἐγείνατο, καὶ ὁ συζυγῶν αὐτῇ Ἰωάννης ὁ μαρκέσιος, νεανίας μὲν τὴν ἡλικίαν, τέλειος δὲ τὴν ἀνδρείαν. Ὁποῖα δὲ ἐν τοιούτοις ὡς τὰ πολλὰ ξυμπίπτει, ἔνθα ὁ λόχος οὐκ ἔχει κρύπτεσθαι εἰς τέλος, ἀλλ' ἐκφαίνεται, φωρῶνται πάντες οἱ τοιοῦτοι, ἑνός τινος τῶν λοχιτῶν καταμηνύσαντος, καὶ συγκροτεῖται δίκη. Καὶ προκάθηται μὲν ἡ ἐπίτροπος μήτηρ, κυρία πάντων ἤδη προβεβλημένη ψήφῳ κοινῇ, ὡς μὴ ὤφελεν, ὑποκάθηται δὲ ὁ υἱὸς καὶ βασιλεὺς Ἀλέξιος. Καὶ κατηγοροῦνται οἱ τὸν Πρωτοσεβαστὸν οὐ φαύλως μισοῦντες, καὶ μετὰ πολλὰ τὰ διὰ μέσων κατακρίνονται, βραβεύοντος εἰς τὸ πᾶν τῇ τοιαύτῃ εὐθυδικίᾳ τοῦ βαθυτάτου Θεοδώρου τοῦ Παντεχνῆ, τοῦ δικαιοδότου καὶ ἐπὶ τῶν οἰκειακῶν, καθ' οὗ θελήσας ἐνστῆναι ὁ μέγας ἐν πατριάρχαις ἔσχασε πᾶσαν ἐν κενοῖς μηχανήν. Ἦν γὰρ ὁ Παντεχνὴς ἀληθῶς παντεχνής. Καθείργνυνται οὖν ἐν τῷ μεγάλῳ παλατίῳ καὶ οἱ ἀδελφοί, ὁ Μα 22 νουὴλ καὶ ὁ Ἰωάννης, πρὸς δὲ καὶ ὁ πρωτοστράτωρ Ἀλέξιος, ἔτι δὲ καὶ ὁ ἔπαρχος· τῶν δὲ λοιπῶν οἱ μὲν ἀφείθησαν, ἀληθῶς μὲν εἰς ἕωλον δεῖπνον τοῖς βουλομένοις αὐτῶν θοινήσασθαι, φαινομένως δὲ κατὰ φιλίαν καὶ τὸ εἶναι ἀνύποπτοι, οἱ δέ τινες ἀπώλοντο ποικίλως καὶ ὡς οὐκ ἄν τις ἴδοιτο· πολλοὶ δὲ καὶ ὑπερορίᾳ ἑκόντες ἐδικαίωσαν ἑαυτούς, ὧν ἦν καὶ ὁ καλὸς Λαπαρδᾶς, ὁ πάνσοφος τὰ στρατηγικά, ὃν ἱέρακα διὰ τὸ τῆς φρονήσεως καὶ τὸ κατὰ πρᾶξιν ὀξυπετὲς ὁ τῶν Τούρκων σουλτὰν ὀνομάζειν ἐπέκρινεν, ὁ τότε μὲν εὐτυχῶς περισωθείς, μετὰ δέ γε ἀθλίως ταῖς τοῦ βασιλέως Ἀνδρονίκου καὶ αὐτὸς πάγαις περιτετυχηκὼς καὶ ἐξολωλώς. Ἦν δὴ ταῦτα τότε. Καὶ τέως μὲν περὶ μίαν ἡμέραν οἱ τέσσαρες ἠτιμωμένοι ἑάλωσαν δῆθεν ξυνωμοσίας, ὁ Μανουὴλ καὶ Ἰωάννης οἱ ἀδελφοί, ὁ