John Chrysostom, On Matthew

theaters. For there many even spend the whole day, and betray many of their household duties for this untimely occupation, and with accuracy they retain whatever they hear, guarding these things to the ruin of their own soul. But here, when God is speaking, they do not endure to remain even for a short time. For this very reason, we have nothing in common with heaven, but our citizenship is in words only. And yet for this reason God has threatened Gehenna, not that He might cast us in, but that He might persuade us to flee this harsh tyranny. But we do the opposite, and each day we run towards the road that leads there; and when God commands not only to hear but also to do what is said, we do not endure even to hear. When then, tell me, shall we do the things commanded, and take hold of the works, when we do not even endure to hear the words concerning them, but are vexed and distressed at our stay here, though it is very short? Then we, when discoursing on trivial matters, if we see those sitting with us not paying attention, we call the thing an insult. But do we not think we provoke God when, as He discourses on such things, we despise what is said and look elsewhere? But the old man who has traveled over much land recounts to us with all accuracy the number of stadia, and the positions of cities, and their layouts and harbors and markets; but we ourselves do not even know how far we are from the city in the heavens; for surely we would have hastened to shorten the length, if we had known the distance. For that city is not so far from us as the distance from heaven to earth, but even much farther, if we are negligent; just as, then, if we are zealous, we will arrive at its gates in an instant of time. For these distances are not determined by length of places, but by disposition of character. 57.23 8. But you know the affairs of this life with accuracy, both the new and the ancient and the old, and you can count the rulers under whom you served in time past, and the president of the games, and the victors, and the generals, things that are of no concern to you; but who became ruler in this city, either first, or second, or third, or for how long each one, or what he accomplished and achieved, you have never even imagined in a dream. And of the laws laid down in this city, you do not endure to hear and pay attention even when others speak of them. How then, tell me, do you expect to obtain the promised goods, when you do not even pay attention to the things being said? But if not before, let us at least do this now. For we are about to enter into a city, if God permits, a golden one, and more precious than all gold. Let us then learn of its foundations, the gates made of sapphire and pearls; for we have an excellent guide, Matthew. For through his gate we now enter, and we need much diligence. For if he sees anyone not paying attention, he casts him out of the city. For the city is most royal and illustrious; not like those among us, divided into a marketplace and a palace; but all things there are a palace. Let us therefore throw open the gates of our mind, let us open our hearing, and as we are about to step upon the porch with great awe, let us worship the King within it; for indeed the very first approach is able to astound the beholder. 57.24 Now the gates are closed to us; but when we see them thrown open (for this is the solution of the questions), then we shall see the great flash of lightning within. For, guided by the eyes of the Spirit, this publican promises to show you all things; where the King sits; and which of the armies stand by Him; and where are the angels, where the archangels; and what place has been set apart for the new citizens in this city, and which is the road that leads there; and what allotment those who were first citizens there received, and those after them, and those after these; and how many are the orders of those peoples, and how many of the council, and how many differences of dignities. Let us not then enter with noise and confusion, but with mystical silence. For if upon

θεάτροις. Ἐκεῖ μὲν γὰρ καὶ διημερεύουσιν οἱ πολλοὶ, καὶ πολλὰ τῶν ἐπὶ τῆς οἰκίας προδιδόασι διὰ τὴν ἄκαιρον ἀσχολίαν ταύτην, καὶ μετὰ ἀκριβείας ὅπερ ἂν ἀκούσωσι κατέχουσι, καὶ ταῦτα ἐπὶ λύμῃ τῆς ἑαυτῶν ψυχῆς φυλάττοντες. Ἐνταῦθα δὲ τοῦ Θεοῦ φθεγγομένου, οὐδὲ μικρὸν ἀνέχονται παραμεῖναι χρόνον. ∆ιά τοι τοῦτο οὐδὲν κοινὸν ἔχομεν πρὸς τὸν οὐρανὸν, ἀλλὰ μέχρι ῥημάτων ἡμῖν ἡ πολιτεία. Καίτοιγε καὶ γέενναν διὰ τοῦτο ἠπείλησεν ὁ Θεὸς, οὐχ ἵνα ἐμβάλῃ, ἀλλ' ἵνα πείσῃ φυγεῖν τὴν χαλεπὴν τυραννίδα ταύτην. Ἡμεῖς δὲ τοὐναντίον ποιοῦμεν, καὶ καθ' ἑκάστην ἡμέραν πρὸς τὴν ἐκεῖ φέρουσαν ὁδὸν τρέχομεν· καὶ τοῦ Θεοῦ κελεύοντος μὴ μόνον ἀκούειν, ἀλλὰ καὶ ποιεῖν τὰ λεγόμενα, οὐδὲ ἀκοῦσαι ἀνεχόμεθα. Πότε οὖν πράξομεν, εἰπέ μοι, τὰ κελευόμενα, καὶ τῶν ἔργων ἁψόμεθα, ὅταν μηδὲ τοὺς ὑπὲρ τούτων λόγους ἀκούειν ἀνεχώμεθα, ἀλλὰ ἀσχάλλωμεν καὶ ἀλύωμεν πρὸς τὴν ἐνταῦθα διατριβὴν, καίτοι βραχεῖαν οὖσαν σφόδρα; Εἶτα ἡμεῖς μὲν περὶ ψυχρῶν διαλεγόμενοι πραγμάτων, ἂν τοὺς συγκαθημένους μὴ προσέχοντας ἴδωμεν, ὕβριν τὸ πρᾶγμά φαμεν. Τὸν Θεὸν δὲ οὐχ ἡγούμεθα παροξύνειν, ὅταν αὐτοῦ περὶ τοιούτων διαλεγομένου, καταφρονήσαντες τῶν λεγομένων, ἑτέρωσε βλέπωμεν; Ἀλλ' ὁ μὲν γεγηρακὼς καὶ πολλὴν ἐπελθὼν γῆν, καὶ σταδίων ἀριθμὸν, καὶ πόλεων θέσεις, καὶ σχήματα καὶ λιμένας καὶ ἀγορὰς μετὰ ἀκριβείας ἡμῖν ἀπαγγέλλει πάσης· αὐτοὶ δὲ οὐδὲ ὅσον ἀπέχομεν τῆς ἐν τοῖς οὐρανοῖς πόλεως ἴσμεν· ἦ γὰρ ἂν καὶ ἐσπουδάσαμεν ἐπιτεμεῖν τὸ μῆκος, εἰ τὸ διάστημα ἔγνωμεν. Οὐ γὰρ τοσοῦτον ἡμῶν ἀφέστηκεν ἡ πόλις ἐκείνη, ὅσον οὐρανοῦ πρὸς τὴν γῆν τὸ μέσον, ἀλλὰ καὶ πολλῷ πλέον, ἐὰν ἀμελῶμεν· ὥσπερ οὖν ἐὰν σπουδάζωμεν, καὶ ἐν ἀκαρεῖ χρόνῳ ἐπὶ τὰς πύλας αὐτῆς ἥξομεν. Οὐ γὰρ μήκει τόπων, ἀλλὰ γνώμῃ τρόπων τὰ διαστήματα ταῦτα ὥρισται. 57.23 ηʹ. Σὺ δὲ τὰ μὲν τοῦ βίου πράγματα μετὰ ἀκριβείας οἶδας, καὶ τὰ νέα καὶ τὰ ἀρχαῖα καὶ τὰ παλαιὰ, καὶ ἄρχοντας ἀριθμεῖν δύνασαι, οἷς ἐστρατεύσω τὸν ἔμπροσθεν χρόνον, καὶ ἀγωνοθέτην, καὶ ἀθλοφόρους, καὶ στρατηγοὺς, τὰ μηδέν σοι διαφέροντα· τίς δὲ ἄρχων ἐν τῇ πόλει ταύτῃ γέγονεν, ἢ πρῶτος, ἢ δεύτερος, ἢ τρίτος, ἢ πόσον ἕκαστος χρόνον, ἢ τί κατορθώσας καὶ ἐργασάμενος, οὐδὲ ὄναρ ἐφαντάσθης ποτέ. Νόμων δὲ τῶν ἐν τῇ πόλει ταύτῃ κειμένων, οὐδὲ ἑτέρων λεγόντων ἀκοῦσαι καὶ προσέχειν ὑπομένεις. Πῶς οὖν, εἰπέ μοι, προσδοκᾷς τεύξασθαι τῶν ἐπηγγελμένων ἀγαθῶν, μηδὲ τοῖς λεγομένοις προσέχων; Ἀλλ' εἰ καὶ μὴ πρότερον, νῦν γοῦν τοῦτο ποιῶμεν. Καὶ γὰρ εἰς πόλιν μέλλομεν εἰσιέναι, ἐὰν ὁ Θεὸς ἐπιτρέπῃ, χρυσῆν, καὶ χρυσοῦ παντὸς τιμιωτέραν. Καταμάθωμεν οὖν αὐτῆς τὰ θεμέλια, τὰς πύλας τὰς ἀπὸ σαπφείρου καὶ μαργαριτῶν συγκειμένας· καὶ γὰρ ἔχομεν ἄριστον χειραγωγὸν τὸν Ματθαῖον. ∆ιὰ γὰρ τῆς αὐτοῦ πύλης εἴσιμεν νῦν, καὶ δεῖ πολλῆς ἡμῖν τῆς σπουδῆς. Ἂν γὰρ ἴδῃ τινὰ μὴ προσέχοντα, ἐκβάλλει τῆς πόλεως. Καὶ γάρ ἐστι βασιλικωτάτη ἡ πόλις καὶ περιφανής· οὐχ ὥσπερ αἱ παρ' ἡμῖν, εἰς ἀγορὰν καὶ βασίλεια διῃρημένη· ἀλλὰ πάντα βασίλεια τὰ ἐκεῖ. Ἀναπετάσωμεν τοίνυν τὰς πύλας τῆς διανοίας, ἀναπετάσωμεν τὴν ἀκοὴν, καὶ μετὰ φρίκης πολλῆς μέλλοντες ἐπιβαίνειν τῶν προθύρων, προσκυνήσωμεν τὸν ἐν αὐτῇ βασιλέα· καὶ γὰρ εὐθέως ἡ πρώτη προσβολὴ καταπλῆξαι δύναται τὸν θεατήν. 57.24 Κεκλεισμέναι μὲν νῦν εἰσιν ἡμῖν αἱ πύλαι· ὅταν δὲ ἴδωμεν αὐτὰς ἀναπετασθείσας (τοῦτο γάρ ἐστιν ἡ τῶν ζητημάτων λύσις), τότε ὀψόμεθα πολλὴν ἔνδον τὴν ἀστραπήν. Καὶ γὰρ τοῖς τοῦ πνεύματος ὁδηγούμενος ὀφθαλμοῖς, πάντα σοι ἐπαγγέλλεται δεικνῦναι ὁ τελώνης οὗτος· ποῦ μὲν ὁ βασιλεὺς κάθηται· καὶ τίνες αὐτῷ τῶν στρατευμάτων παρεστήκασι· καὶ ποῦ μὲν ἄγγελοι, ποῦ δὲ ἀρχάγγελοι· καὶ τίς τοῖς νέοις πολίταις ἐν τῇ πόλει ταύτῃ τόπος ἀφώρισται, καὶ ποία ἡ ἐκεῖ φέρουσα ὁδός· καὶ τίνα ἔλαβον λῆξιν οἱ πρῶτον πολιτευσάμενοι ἐκεῖ, καὶ οἱ μετ' ἐκείνους, καὶ οἱ μετὰ τούτους· καὶ ὅσα τῶν δήμων ἐκείνων τὰ τάγματα, καὶ ὅσα τῆς βουλῆς, καὶ πόσαι ἀξιωμάτων διαφοραί. Μὴ τοίνυν μετὰ θορύβου καὶ ταραχῆς εἰσίωμεν, ἀλλὰ μετὰ σιγῆς μυστικῆς. Εἰ γὰρ ἐπὶ