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Europe. And a bull, the king of Crete, seizing Europa, begot Minos. 16. At this time a wise man appeared in Tyre named Heracles, who discovered the dye, the so-called purple, having seen a shepherd's dog eating a purple-fish and the shepherd wiping the dog's mouth with a sheep's fleece, and bringing the fleece as a great gift to the king. (17) And the Syrian discovered arithmetic, and he also taught incorporeal principles and the transmigration of souls into other animals. 18. In these times was known Peleg, the son of Eber, about whom Moses wrote, and another son of Picus Zeus, born from Danae, named Perseus, whom his father taught all the mystic visions; who, wishing to establish a kingdom for himself and coming through much land, saw a maiden squalid and ugly named Medusa; and having taken her, he cut off her head, and having perfected it, as he was taught, he carried it, terrifying all and slaying those who saw it; which head he called Gorgon because of the sharpness of its power. ** of his wife Andromeda, and having seized a village called Amandra, he made it a city, setting up for himself a pillar bearing the Gorgon; this was renamed Iconium until now, because of the reflected image of the Gorgon. He also warred against the Isaurians and Cilicians, where he founded a city which he called Tarsus in the village called Andrasus. For having received an oracle (or was he told by an oracle?) in a dream that in the (read: which) place after the victory against the enemy, having dismounted from his horse, he should put down the flat of his foot, there to found a city for the trophies of victory, and having founded it he called it Tarsus. After these things, having also conquered the Medes, he called the land Persia, and he also taught many of the Persians the rites concerning the Gorgon. (18*) At that time, a sphere of fire was brought down from heaven, from which Perseus took fire, and handed it down to be honored; which they guard even until now. (19) He met with Cepheus, the father of Andromeda, who was blind from old age, and he held out, as was his custom, the head of the Gorgon for aid; but he, not seeing, did not die; but Perseus, not knowing for what reason that man had escaped death from the Gorgon, and thinking that the head he was carrying was no longer effective, turning it towards himself and having seen it, died. (20) After him, his son Merros ruled the Persians, who burned that abominable head of the Gorgon. 7aExc. Salmas.: Dionysus, having warred against Pentheus his cousin, was led away in chains; And Agave, the mother of Pentheus, persuaded them to make a truce in the presence of their grandfather Cadmus; but Dionysus commanded his own people to kill Pentheus; and it was mythologized that Agave tore her own son apart, as being the cause of his death. When the citizens revolted over the death of Pentheus, Dionysus was driven out, and Lycurgus was appointed. Tzetzes Hist. VI, 61, 581: But John the chronicler somewhere allegorizing says; Pentheus and Labdacus, but rather Pentheus more, with the other grandchildren of Cadmus having been killed, Actaeon by his own dogs, and Learchus Melicertes by his father and mother, had hope of seizing the sceptres and the thrones. But when he heard that Dionysus, the illegitimate grandson of Cadmus, was laying claim to the rule, he seized and bound him. But having been released by the prayers of his mother, he is killed by his tricks. Therefore they created the myth that he was killed by his mother. 8 Cod. Paris. 1630: After Cadmus, Nycteus ruled Boeotia, whose daughter Calliope from intercourse with Theoboius bore Zethus and Amphion, who, having been cast out and raised by a rustic, seized Boeotia, rising up against Nycteus, and founded a city which was formerly a village and was called Encheleia, and they named it Thebes in the name of their father. (2) Of these, the descendant was Laius, from whom Oedipus was born and exposed, his feet having been bound with wood, and he was named Oedipus because he had swollen feet. And he became brave and plundered the country.

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τὴν Εὐρώπην. Τὴν Εὐρώπην δὲ ἁρπάσας ταῦρος, βασιλεὺς Κρήτης, ἔτεκε Μίνωα. 16. Κατὰ τούτους τοὺς χρόνους ἀνεφάνη τις ἐν Τύρῳ ἀνὴρ σοφὸς ὄνομα Ἡρακλῆς, ὃς εὗρε τὴν βαφὴν, τὴν καλουμένην κογχύλην, ἰδὼν κύνα ποιμενικὸν ἐσθίοντα κογχύλην καὶ τὸν ποιμένα ἐκμάσσοντα μετὰ πόκον προβάτου τὸ τοῦ κυνὸς στόμα, καὶ προσαγαγὼν τὸν πόκον ὡς μέγα δῶρον τῷ βασιλεῖ. (17) Ὁ δὲ Σύρος εὗρε τὴν ἀριθμητικὴν, ἐδόξασε δὲ καὶ ἀσωμάτους ἀρχὰς καὶ μεταβολὴν τῶν ψυχῶν εἰς ἕτερα ζῶα. 18. Κατὰ τοὺς χρόνους τούτους ἐγνωρίζετο Φαλὲκ, ὁ υἱὸς Ἕβερ, περὶ οὗ Μωσῆς ἔγραψε, καὶ ἕτερος υἱὸς τοῦ Πίκου ∆ιὸς ἀπὸ ∆ανάης γενόμενος ὀνόματι Περσεὺς, ὃν ἐδίδαξεν ὁ πατὴρ πάσας τὰς μυστικὰς φαντασίας· ὅστις βουλόμενος ἑαυτῷ καταστῆσαι βασιλείαν καὶ διὰ πολλῆς ἐρχόμενος γῆς, εἶδε παρθένον κόρην αὐχμηράν τε καὶ δυσειδῆ ὀνόματι Μέδουσαν· καὶ λαβὼν ἀπέτεμεν αὐτῆς τὴν κεφαλὴν, καὶ τελέσας αὐτὴν, ὡς ἐδιδάχθη, ἐβάσταζε καταπλήττων πάντας καὶ ἀναιρῶν τοὺς ὁρῶντας· ἥντινα κεφαλὴν ἐκάλεσε Γοργόνα διὰ τὴν ὀξύτητα τῆς ἐνεργείας. ** γυναικὸς Ἀνδρομέδας, καὶ καταλαβὼν κώμην λεγομένην Ἀμάνδραν, ἐποίησεν αὐτὴν πόλιν, στήσας ἑαυτῷ στήλην βαστάζουσαν τὴν Γοργόνα· αὕτη μετεκλήθη ἕως νῦν Ἰκόνιον διὰ τὸ ἀντεικόνισμα τῆς Γοργόνος. Ἐπολέμησε δὲ καὶ Ἰσαύροις καὶ Κίλιξιν, ἔνθα πόλιν κτίζει ἣν ἐκάλεσε Ταρσόν ἐν τῇ κώμῃ τῇ λεγομένῃ Ἀνδρασῷ. Χρηματισθεὶς (ἐχρηματίσθη?) γὰρ κατ' ὄναρ ὅτι ἐν τῷ (λ. ᾧ) τόπῳ μετὰ τὴν πρὸς πολεμίους νίκην ἀποβὰς ἐκ τοῦ ἵππου τὸν ταρσὸν ἀπόθηται τοῦ ποδὸς, ἐκεῖ ὑπὲρ τῶν νικητηρίων κτίσαι πόλιν, καὶ κτίσας ταύτην ἐκάλεσε Ταρσόν. Μετὰ δὲ ταῦτα καὶ Μήδους νικήσας ἐκάλεσε τὴν χώραν Περσίδα, ἐδίδαξε δὲ καὶ πολλοὺς τῶν Περσῶν τὰς ἐπὶ τῆς Γοργόνος τελετάς. (18*) Καθ' ὃν δὴ χρόνον κατηνέχθη σφαῖρα πυρὸς ἐκ τοῦ οὐρανοῦ, ἐξ ἧς ἔλαβεν ὁ Περσεὺς πῦρ, καὶ παρέδωκε τιμᾶν αὐτό· ὃ καὶ μέχρι νῦν φυλάττουσι. (19) Συνέβαλε δὲ τῷ Κηφεῖ τῷ πατρὶ Ἀνδρο μέδας, τυφλῷ ὄντι ὑπὸ τοῦ γήρως, καὶ προεβάλετο, καθ' ὅπερ εἶχεν ἔθος, εἰς βοήθειαν τὴν κεφαλὴν Γοργόνος· ὁ δὲ μὴ βλέπων οὐκ ἔθανεν· ὁ δὲ Περσεὺς ἀγνοῶν δι' ἣν αἰτίαν ἐξέφυγεν ἐκεῖνος τὸν ἀπὸ τῆς Γοργόνος θάνατον, καὶ νομίσας μηκέτι ἐνεργεῖν τὴν ὑπ' αὐτοῦ φερομένην κεφαλὴν, στρέψας εἰς ἑαυτὸν καὶ ταύτην ἑωρακὼς ἐτελεύτα. (20) Βασιλεύει μετ' αὐτὸν Περσῶν ὁ υἱὸς αὐτοῦ Μέρρος, ὅστις ἔκαυσε τὴν μυσαρὰν ἐκείνην κεφαλὴν τῆς Γοργόνος. 7aExc. Salmas.: ∆ιόνυσος πολεμήσας Πενθεῖ τῷ ἐξαδέλφῳ δέσμιος ἤχθη· Ἀγαυὴ δὲ ἡ μήτηρ Πενθέως ἔπεισεν αὐτοὺς σπείσασθαι ἐνώπιον τοῦ πάππου Κάδμου· ὁ δὲ ∆ιόνυσος ἐνετείλατο τοῖς οἰκείοις ἀνελεῖν Πενθέα· καὶ ἐμυθεύθη ὅτι ἡ Ἀγαυὴ τὸν οἰκεῖον διεσπάραξεν, οἷα τοῦ θανάτου αὐτοῦ αἰτία γενομένη. Στασιασάντων δὲ τῶν πολιτῶν ἐπὶ τῷ θανάτῳ Πενθέως, ∆ιόνυσος μὲν ἀπελαύνετο, προχειρίζεται δὲ Λυκοῦργος. Tzetzes Hist. VI, 61, 581: Ὁ δ' Ἰωάννης χρονικὸς ἀλληγορῶν που λέγει· Πενθεύς τε καὶ ὁ Λάβδακος, μᾶλλον δὲ Πενθεὺς πλέον, ἀνῃρημένων τῶν λοιπῶν ἐγγόνων τῶν τοῦ Κάδμου, τοῦ μὲν Ἀκταίωνος αὐτοῦ ὑπὸ κυνῶν ἰδίων, Λεάρχου Μελικέρτου δὲ παρὰ πατρὸς μητρός τε, εἶχεν ἐλπίδα κατασχεῖν τὰ σκῆπτρα καὶ τοὺς θρόνους. Ὡς δ' ἤκουσε ∆ιόνυσον ἔγγονον νόθον Κάδμου ἀντιποιεῖσθαι τῆς ἀρχῆς, δεσμεῖ κρατήσας τοῦτον. Λύσας λιταῖς δὲ τῆς μητρὸς κτείνεται δόλοις τούτου. ∆ιόπερ μῦθον ἔπλασαν, ἐκ τῆς μητρὸς κτανθῆναι. 8 Cod. Paris. 1630: Μετὰ δὲ Κάδμον ἐβασίλευσε τῆς Βοιωτίας Νυκτεὺς, οὗ θυγάτηρ Καλλιόπη ἐκ μίξεως Θεοβοίου Ζῆθον καὶ Ἀμφίονα ἔτεκεν, οἳ ῥιφέντες καὶ παρ' ἀγροίκου ἀνατραφέντες κρατοῦσι τῆς Βοιωτίας, ἐπαναστάντες τῷ Νυκτεῖ, καὶ κτίζουσι πόλιν τὴν πρώην οὖσαν κώμην καὶ καλουμένην Ἐγχέλειαν, καὶ ὠνόμασαν αὐτὴν Θήβας εἰς ὄνομα τοῦ πατρὸς αὐτῶν. (2) Τούτων ἀπόγονος Λάϊος, ἀφ' οὗ Οἰδίπους γεννηθεὶς ἐξετέθη ξύλῳ τοὺς πόδας περικλεισθεὶς, καὶ Οἰδίπους ὠνομάσθη διότι ὠγκωμένους εἶχε τοὺς πόδας. Γέγονε δὲ ἀνδρεῖος καὶ τὴν χώραν ἐλῄστευε.