only; believe him who says, they also see demons, and I know of many who have neighed at crossroads and have fallen and proclaimed the threat with their voice. But those with different-colored eyes seem to excel especially in understanding such things, despising both war and apparitions, and alone lay claim to the kingdom of animals over lions. Whether, therefore, it is a work of the soul, or the nature of the eyes, both must be trained, the one by teaching and art, the other by care. Horses, like human athletes, must abstain from sexual pleasures; this causes harm to the eyes, but also a severe winter, bringing a long-lasting discharge, and in addition, a cough. Let each affliction [the suffusion] be treated with a Bacchic plant. [Treatment for horses with suffusion]. For ivy, made into a juice and mixed with the aforementioned substance, let it be an ointment for two consecutive days; then after skipping the next day again, let this be done three times and many times, until the horse regains its usual [and] [prophetic] sight. But I do not begrudge the treatment also to animals second to horses. Use this for the cough; after a little while you will find something lying inside. 1.9 For a horse not to be frightened And a cure for horses not to be frightened in vain by new sights or shadows is a tail attached to the right ear of the animal, if it is cut off a living wild beast; and it is placed in the seventh pentagon, over which are placed the signs of the *hypate meson*, sigma and sigma. 1.10 Concerning the speed of horses The speed of horses is blunted and increases; † a wolf stands opposed to each and benumbs the two feet, but it becomes swifter than it on the ground by a wolf †. The feet of a wolf are a possession much sought after by horsemen, and a knucklebone from the same beast, when attached, reins in one that is running. It is rare, therefore, for that which can wound and weaken to occur. But we have found another way that the wolf is able to cooperate toward swiftness, without harm to the horse. For the canine teeth, removed from a living one, are woven into the neck-collars and contribute to both; to be both an unsuspected aid and an adornment for the trappings of contest. It is good, then, if one attaches it to the whole four-horse team; but if not, even if only the lead horse has this necklace, it is sufficient to make its running-mates swifter. 1.11 The Horse-Disturber The story goes that the Sybarites once went to such a degree of luxury as to bring their horses into the symposium during dinner. And that upon hearing the music of the aulos, they would stand up on their two feet and dance, gesticulating as it were with their forelegs. And that an aulos-player who had been insulted deserted to the Crotonians, who had recently been defeated in a cavalry battle; and promised to benefit the state most greatly, for he would deliver the entire Sybarite cavalry captive; the Crotonians believed him and permitted him to be general. And he, having gathered the aulos-players of the city, showed them the melody, and when the time was right, ordered the sally against the enemy. And when the Sybarites came on in full force, greatly priding themselves on their abundance of horses, and the phalanxes were mixed with each other, at one signal, all the aulos-players played; and the horses, hearing the familiar sound, just as they had been taught at home, having thrown off their riders, all began to dance. Then, therefore, the horsemen were captured lying on the ground and the horses were taken dancing, the familiar melodies having roused them. And others too, when they are about to fight, pray, and indeed also sacrifice, when engaged in a contest, to Poseidon Taraxippus. And we too have found a charm quicker than prayer, better than all that you might have, the form of which is inscribed at the end in the 8th pentagon, over which are placed the signs of the *parypate meson*, rho and a supine sigma. It is put into pus-extractors and in battle is given to light-armed men to carry, so as to stand easily among the throng of the champions. They, then, attack, confident in their strength and speed and iron; whether they happen to be cataphracts, or are otherwise equipped, they hasten into the same danger. For when the charge against the infantry occurs, those stationed in front bear the attack with the barrier of their shields, while those holding the pus-extractors squeeze the drug into the nostrils of the horses; (and the juice is terrible and harmful to men as well). Whenever, then
μόνον· πίστευσον λέγοντι, ὁρῶσι καὶ δαίμονας, καὶ οἶδα πολλοὺς ἐν τριόδοις χρεμετίσαντας καὶ πεσόντας καὶ κηρύξαντας τῇ φωνῇ τὴν ἀπειλήν. Μάλιστα δὲ εἰς τὴν τῶν τοιούτων σύνεσιν εὐδοκιμεῖν δοκοῦσιν οἱ ἑτερόμματοι, καταφρονοῦντες καὶ πολέμου καὶ φάσματος, καὶ λεόντων μόνοι τῆς τῶν ζῴων βασιλείας ἀντιποιούμενοι. Εἴτε οὖν ψυχῆς ἔργον, εἴτε φύσις ὀμμάτων, ἀμφότερα ἀσκητέον τὰ μὲν διδασκαλίᾳ καὶ τέχνῃ, τὰ δὲ φροντίδι. Ἵππους δὲ ὥσπερ ἀνθρώπους ἀθλητὰς ἀπέχεσθαι χρὴ τῶν ἀφροδισίων· τοῦτο δὲ φέρει βλάβος ὀμμάτων, ἀλλὰ καὶ χειμὼν πολὺς χρόνιον ἐπενεγκὼν στάξιν, πρὸς δὲ καὶ βῆχα. Ἑκάτερον πάθος θεραπευέσθω [τὴν ὑπόχυσιν] φυτῷ Βακχικῷ. [Θεραπεία ἵππων ὑποκεχυμένων]. Κισσὸς γὰρ χυλισθεὶς καὶ τῇ προειρημένῃ ὕλῃ μιχθεὶς ἔγχρισμα δὲ ἔστω δύο ἑξῆς ἡμέρας· διαλειπομένης πάλιν τῆς ἑπομένης, τρὶς τοῦτο ἔστω καὶ πολλάκις, μέχρις ἂν ὁ ἵππος ἀπολάβῃ τὴν συνήθη [καὶ] ὄψιν [μαντικήν]. Οὐ βασκαίνω δὲ τὴν θεραπείαν καὶ τοῖς ἵππων δευτέροις κτήνεσιν. Χρῶ δὲ τῇδε <πρὸς> τὴν βῆχα· μετ' ὀλίγον εὑρήσεις ἔνδον τι κείμενον. 1.9 Ἵππον μὴ πτοεῖσθαι Καὶ τῷ μὴ πτοεῖσθαι δὲ τοὺς ἵππους μάτην θεάμασι καινοῖς ἢ σκιαῖς ἄκος ὠτὶ δεξιῷ ζῴου προσαρτηθεῖσα οὐρά, ἢν ζῶντος αὐτοῦ θηρίου ἀποκοπῇ· κεῖται δὲ ἐν πενταγώνῳ ἑβδόμῳ, ᾧ σημεῖα ὑπερκεῖται ὑπάτης μέσων, σίγμα καὶ σίγμα. 1.10 Περὶ ἵππων τάχουσ Ἵππων τάχος ἀμβλύνεται καὶ αὔξει· † λύκος ἀντιπαθὲς ἑκάστη ἵσταται καὶ ναρκᾷ τὼ πόδε θᾶττον δὲ αὐτοῦ χθονὶ ὑπὸ λύκου γίγνεται †. Περισπούδαστον ἱππόταις κτῆμα λύκου πόδες, καὶ ἀπαρτηθεὶς δὲ ἀστράγαλος τοῦ αὐτοῦ θηρίου ἐπιστομίζει τρέχοντα. Σπάνιον μὲν οὖν, τὸ τρωθῆναι καὶ ἀραιῶσαι συμβῆναι δυνάμενον. Εὕρομεν δ' ἑτέρως τὸν λύκον συνεργῆσαι δυνάμενον εἰς ὠκύτητα, δίχα τῆς τοῦ ἵππου βλάβης. Οἱ γάρ τοι κυνόδοντες ζῶντος ἐξαιρεθέντες τοῖς περιδεραίοις συμπλέκονται καὶ εἰς ἀμφότερα συμβάλλονται· ἀνύποπτός τε εἶναι βοήθεια καὶ φαλάρων κόσμος ἐναγωνίων. Καλὸν μὲν οὖν, εἰ τῷ τετραόρῳ τις παντὶ προσαρτήσειεν· εἰ δ' οὖν, κἂν ὁ ἡγεμὼν μόνος ἵππος τὸ περίθεμα ἔχων τοῦτο θάττονας ποιῆσαι τοὺς συντρέχοντας ἀρκεῖ. 1.11 Ταράξιππον Εἰς τοῦτό ποτε ἐλάσαι τρυφῆς Συβαρίτας λόγος ὡς παρὰ δεῖπνον εἰς τὸ συμπόσιον τοὺς ἵππους εἰσάγειν. Τοὺς δ' ἀκούσαντας αὐλήματος ἀνίστασθαι ἐπὶ τὼ πόδε καὶ τοῖς προσθίοις ὥσπερ χειρονομοῦντας ὀρχεῖσθαι. Ὑβρισθέντα δὲ αὐλητὴν εἰς Κροτωνιάτας αὐτομολῆσαι προσφάτως ἱππομαχίᾳ νενικημένους· μέγιστα δὲ ὠφελῆσαι τὸ κοινὸν ἐπαγγείλασθαι, παραδώσειν γὰρ πᾶν τὸ Συβαριτικὸν ἱππικὸν αἰχμάλωτον· πιστεῦσαι τοὺς Κροτωνιάτας αὐτῷ καὶ ἐπιτρέψαι στρατηγεῖν. Τὸν δέ, ἀθροίσαντα τοὺς τῆς πόλεως αὐλητάς, δεῖξαι τὸ μέλος, καὶ ὅτε καιρὸς ἦν, παρεγγυῆσαι τὴν ἐπὶ τοὺς πολεμίους ἔξοδον. Ὡς δὲ οἱ Συβαρῖται ἐπῆλθον πανδημεὶ πολύ τι φρυαττόμενοι τῇ τῆς ἵππου περιουσίᾳ, καὶ ἀνεμίγησαν ἀλλήλαις αἱ φάλαγγες, ὑπὸ σημεῖον ἕν, ηὔλησαν οἱ πάντες· συνήθους δὲ ἤχου ἀκούσαντες οἱ ἵπποι ὥσπερ οἴκοι ἐδεδιδάχατο, ἀποσεισάμενοι τοὺς ἀναβάτας, ὑπωρχοῦντο πάντες. Τότε οὖν οἱ ἱππόται ἑάλωσαν κείμενοι καὶ οἱ ἵπποι ἐλήφθησαν ὀρχούμενοι, ἀναστησάντων αὐτοὺς συνήθων μελῶν. Εὔχονται δὲ καὶ ἄλλοι, μάχεσθαι μέλλοντες, οὐ μὴν ἀλλὰ καὶ θύουσιν, ἐν ἀγῶνι καθεστηκότες, ταραξίππῳ Ποσειδῶνι. Καὶ ἡμεῖς δὲ εὕρομεν φάρμακον εὐχῆς ὀξύτερον, κρεῖττον πάντων ὁπόσα ἂν ἔχοις, οὗπερ ἐπὶ τέλει πενταγώνῳ ηʹ τὸ εἶδος ἐγγέγραπται, ᾧ σημεῖα ὑπέρκειται παρυπάτης μέσων, ῥῶ καὶ σίγμα ὕπτιον. Εἰς πυουλκοὺς ἐμβάλλεται καὶ εἰς παράταξιν κούφοις ἀνδράσιν δίδοται φέρειν, ὡς εὐκόλως ὑπὸ τῷ στίφει τῶν προμαχομένων ἑστάναι. Οἳ μὲν οὖν ἐπάγουσιν ἀλκῇ καὶ τάχει καὶ σιδήρῳ τεθαρρηκότες· ἄν τε οὖν κατάφρακτοι οὗτοι τύχωσιν, ἄν τε καὶ ἄλλως ἐσταλμένοι, ἐς τὸν αὐτὸν σπεύδουσι κίνδυνον. Γενομένης γὰρ τῆς ἐς τοὺς πεζοὺς ἐμβολῆς, οἳ μὲν προτεταγμένοι φέρουσιν τὴν ἐπιδρομὴν τῷ τῶν ἀσπίδων φράγματι, οἳ δὲ τοὺς πυουλκοὺς ἔχοντες ἐκθλίβουσι τὸ φάρμακον εἰς τὰς τῶν ἵππων ἀναπνοάς· (δεινὸς δὲ ὁ χυλὸς καὶ ἀνδράσιν εἰς βλάβην). Ἐπειδὰν οὖν