Gregory of Nazianzus, To a Silent Father

gathering where he did not sow, and reaping where he did not scatter; cultivating not the land, but the need of the destitute. But he has deprived God, who gave all things, of the firstfruits of the threshing-floor and winepress, and has become at once both ungrateful and senseless; neither giving thanks for what he had, nor securing the future, if nothing else, through his gratitude. 35.960 And he has not pitied the widow and the orphan, nor shared bread and a little food with the needy, or rather with Christ who is fed through those who are even slightly fed; he who perhaps possesses many things, and beyond expectation, (for this is already the most unjust thing,) and is constrained by his many storehouses, filling some and pulling down others, that he might build larger ones for future harvests, not knowing that he is snatched away before his hopes, and will give an account for his abundance and display here, having become a bad steward of others' goods. And he has turned aside from the way of the humble, and has perverted the just among the unjust. And he has hated him who reproves in the gates, and has loathed a holy word. And he has sacrificed to his own net which gathers much, and having the plunder of the poor in his house, he either did not remember God, or remembered him badly, saying, 'Blessed is the Lord, for we have become rich'; and he took iniquity upon himself, as if having these things from him by whom he will be punished. For because of these things the wrath of God comes upon the sons of disobedience; for these reasons, either heaven is shut, or it is opened badly; and much more so, if even when struck we do not turn back, and draw near to the one who is naturally near.

19. What shall we say to these things, we who hoard grain, and are corn-dealers, and watch for the difficulties of the times, that we may grow rich, and revel in the misfortunes of others, and acquire, not as Joseph did the goods of the Egyptians for a greater stewardship (for he knew both how to gather and to distribute grain well, just as he knew how to foreknow the famine and to prepare for it from afar), but as lawless men the goods of our kinsmen, who say: 'When will the month be over, that we may sell; and the Sabbaths, that we may open our treasures?' we who corrupt justice with double measures and weights, and incline the leaden measure of iniquity upon ourselves? What shall we say to these things, we who know no limit to acquisition; who worship gold and silver, as they of old worshipped Baal, and Astarte, and the abomination of Chemosh; who attend to the costliness and transparency of gems, and to soft and flowing apparel, an expense for moths, and treasures for bandits, 35.961 and tyrants, and thieves; who exult in a multitude of slaves and four-footed beasts; who spread themselves out over plains and mountains, possessing some things, acquiring others, and intending to acquire yet more, like the Solomonic leech that cannot be filled, like Hades, and earth, and fire, and water, and seeking another world to possess, and finding fault with the boundaries of God as being too small for their desire and insatiability? What then of those who sit on lofty thrones, and raise the ruler's tent, and an eyebrow higher than the theaters, and do not consider the God who is over all, and the unapproachable height of the true kingdom, that they might rule their subjects as fellow-servants, they who need the same philanthropy? Consider for me also those who live luxuriously on ivory couches, whom the divine Amos rightly rebukes, and anoint themselves with the finest ointments, and applaud at the sound of instruments, and are dependent on things that flee as though they were permanent; but do not grieve and suffer with the affliction of Joseph; when they ought to be kind to those who have fallen before them, and to obtain mercy by mercy; to wail, O pine tree, because the cedar has fallen, and to be admonished by the blow of their neighbors, and through the evils of others to set their own affairs in order, having this much advantage over those who have gone before, that they may be saved through them, rather than others being disciplined through them.

συνάγων ὅθεν οὐκ ἔσπειρε, καὶ θερίζων ὅπου μὴ διεσκόρπισε· γεωργῶν οὐ τὴν γῆν, ἀλλὰ τὴν χρείαν τῶν δεομένων. Ὁ δὲ ἀπαρχὰς ἅλωνος καὶ ληνοῦ τὸν πάντα δεδωκότα Θεὸν ἀπεστέρησε, καὶ γέγονεν ἀχάριστός τε ὁμοῦ καὶ ἀνόητος· οὔτε ὑπὲρ ὧν ἔσχεν εὐχαριστήσας, οὔτε τὸ μέλλον, εἰ μή τι ἄλλο, διὰ τῆς εὐγνωμοσύνης 35.960 πραγματευσάμενος. Ὁ δὲ χήραν καὶ ὀρφανὸν οὐκ ἠλέησεν, οὐδὲ μετέδωκεν ἄρτου καὶ τροφῆς ὀλίγης τῷ δεομένῳ, μᾶλλον δὲ Χριστῷ τῷ τρεφομένῳ διὰ τῶν καὶ μικρῶς τρεφομένων· ὁ τὰ πολλὰ ἔχων ἴσως, καὶ παρ' ἐλπίδα, (τοῦτο γὰρ ἤδη τὸ ἀδικώτατον,) καὶ ταῖς πολλαῖς ἀποθήκαις στενοχωρούμενος, καὶ τὰς μὲν πληρῶν, τὰς δὲ καθαιρῶν, ἵνα τοῖς μέλλουσι καρποῖς οἰκοδομήσῃ μείζονας, ἀγνοῶν, ὅτι τῶν ἐλπίδων προαναρπάζεται, καὶ λόγον ὑφέξει τῆς ἐνταῦθα εὐπορίας καὶ τῆς φαντασίας, κακὸς οἰκονόμος ἀγαθῶν ἀλλοτρίων γενόμενος. Ὁ δὲ ὁδὸν ταπεινῶν ἐξέκλινε, καὶ ἐπλαγίασεν ἐν ἀδίκοις δίκαιον. Ὁ δὲ ἐμίσησεν ἐν πύλαις ἐλέγχοντα, καὶ λόγον ὅσιον ἐβδελύξατο. Ὁ δὲ ἔθυσε τῇ ἑαυτοῦ σαγήνῃ πολλὰ συναγούσῃ, καὶ τὴν ἁρπαγὴν τοῦ πτωχοῦ ἐν τοῖς οἴκοις ἔχων, ἢ οὐκ ἐμνήσθη Θεοῦ, ἢ κακῶς ἐμνήσθη, Εὐλογητὸς Κύριος, εἰπὼν, ὅτι πεπλουτήκαμεν· καὶ ὑπέλαβεν ἀνομίαν, ὡς παρ' αὐτοῦ ταῦτα ἔχων, ἐξ οὗ κολασθήσεται. ∆ιὰ ταῦτα γὰρ ἔρχεται ἡ ὀργὴ τοῦ Θεοῦ ἐπὶ τοὺς υἱοὺς τῆς ἀπειθείας· διὰ ταῦτα, ἢ κλείεται οὐρανὸς, ἢ κακῶς ἀνοίγεται· καὶ πολλῷ μᾶλλον, εἰ μηδὲ πληγέντες ἐπιστρεφοίμεθα, καὶ τῷ ἐγγίζοντι φυσικῶς πλησιάζοιμεν.

ΙΘʹ. Τί πρὸς ταῦτα ἐροῦμεν, οἱ σιτῶναι, καὶ σιτοκάπηλοι, καὶ τηροῦντες τὰς τῶν καιρῶν δυσκολίας, ἵν' εὐπορήσωμεν, καὶ ταῖς ἀλλοτρίαις συμφοραῖς ἐντρυφήσωμεν, καὶ κτησώμεθα, μὴ ὡς Ἰωσὴφ τὰ τῶν Αἰγυπτίων, ἐπ' οἰκονομίᾳ μείζονι (ἐκεῖνος γὰρ ᾔδει καὶ συναγαγεῖν καὶ σιτοδοτῆσαι καλῶς, ὥσπερ καὶ προγνῶναι τὸν λιμὸν, καὶ στῆναι πρὸς αὐτὸν πόῤῥωθεν), ἀλλ' ὡς παράνομοι τὰ τῶν ὁμοφύλων, οἱ λέγοντες· Πότε διελεύσεται ὁ μὴν, καὶ ἐμπωλήσομεν· καὶ τὰ Σάββατα, καὶ ἀνοίξομεν θησαυρούς; οἱ τοῖς δισσοῖς μέτροις καὶ σταθμίοις τὸ δίκαιον διαφθείροντες, καὶ τὸ μολιβδοῦν μέτρον τῆς ἀνομίας ἐφ' ἑαυτοὺς κλίνοντες; Τί πρὸς ταῦτα ἐροῦμεν, οἱ μηδὲν πέρας εἰδότες κτήσεως· οἱ προσκυνοῦντες τὸν χρυσὸν καὶ τὸν ἄργυρον, ὥσπερ τὴν Βάαλ οἱ πάλαι, καὶ τὴν Ἀστάρτην, καὶ τὸ Χαμὼς βδέλυγμα· οἱ περιέποντες τῶν λίθων τὰς πολυτελείας καὶ διαυγείας, καὶ τῆς ἐσθῆτος τὴν μαλακήν τε καὶ περιῤῥέουσαν, σητῶν δαπάνην, καὶ λῃστῶν, 35.961 καὶ τυράννων, καὶ κλεπτῶν θησαυρίσματα· οἱ πλήθει γαυριῶντες ἀνδραπόδων καὶ τετραπόδων· οἱ τοῖς πεδίοις ἐμπλατυνόμενοι καὶ τοῖς ὄρεσι, καὶ τὰ μὲν ἔχοντες, τὰ δὲ προσλαμβάνοντες, τὰ δὲ μέλλοντες, κατὰ τὴν Σολομόντειον βδέλλαν ἐμπλησθῆναι μὴ δυναμένην, ὁμοίως ᾅδῃ, καὶ γῇ, καὶ πυρὶ, καὶ ὕδατι, καὶ ζητοῦντες οἰκουμένην ἑτέραν εἰς κτῆσιν, καὶ τοῖς τοῦ Θεοῦ ὁρίοις καταμεμφόμενοι ὡς μικροτέροις ἢ κατὰ τὴν ἑαυτῶν ἐπιθυμίαν καὶ ἀπληστίαν; Τί δαὶ, οἱ τοῖς ὑψηλοῖς θρόνοις ἐγκαθεζόμενοι, καὶ τὴν ἀρχικὴν σκηνὴν αἴροντες, καὶ τὴν ὀφρὺν τῶν θεάτρων ὑψηλοτέραν, καὶ μὴ λογιζόμενοι τὸν ἐπὶ πᾶσι Θεὸν, καὶ τὸ ἀπρόσιτον ὕψος τῆς ἀληθινῆς βασιλείας, ἵν' ὡς ὁμοδούλων τῶν ὑπηκόων ἄρχωσιν, οἱ τῆς ἴσης δεόμενοι φιλανθρωπίας; Σκόπει δέ μοι καὶ τοὺς κατασπαταλῶντας ἐπὶ κλινῶν ἐλεφαντίνων, ὧν καλῶς ὁ θεῖος Ἀμὼς καθάπτεται, καὶ τὰ πρῶτα μύρα χριομένους, καὶ τῇ φωνῇ τῶν ὀργάνων ἐπικροτοῦντας, καὶ τῶν φευγόντων ὡς ἱσταμένων ἐξηρτημένους· ἀλλὰ μὴ τῇ συντριβῇ τοῦ Ἰωσὴφ συναλγοῦντάς τε καὶ συμπάσχοντας· δέον χρηστοὺς εἶναι τοῖς προεμπεσοῦσι, καὶ τῷ ἐλέῳ κτᾶσθαι τὸν ἔλεον· ὀλολύζειν πίτυν, ὅτι πέπτωκε κέδρος, καὶ νουθετεῖσθαι τῇ τῶν πλησίων πληγῇ, καὶ διὰ τῶν ἀλλοτρίων κακῶν τὰ οἰκεῖα εὖ τίθεσθαι, τοσοῦτον πλέον ἔχοντας τῶν προειληφότων, ὅσον αὐτοὺς δι' ἐκείνων σωθῆναι, ἀλλὰ μὴ δι' αὐτῶν ἑτέρους σωφρονισθῆναι.