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getting rid of him, he put on the diadem 96.1272 again, and was in control of affairs, having now alone girded himself with the entire Roman empire. Since, therefore, Constantius was out of the way, he vented the boiling of his wrath against those remaining, and especially those who by their envy had provided the cause for the murder of Gallus; and immediately he takes off the head of Eusebius the praepositus, because from the beginning he seemed to have concocted the entire murder of Gallus from his own slanders. And he hands over to the fire Paulus the Spaniard, who was among the emperor's secretaries, as one who had greatly embittered Gallus. Having sent both of these to Chalcedon, there he subjected each one to his proper justice; and he also killed Gaudentius, the general of Africa, and certain others, whoever had in any way insulted him. 22. But these he punished by letters; but Artemius, the martyr of Christ and noble champion, he himself, being present in Antioch, and Artemius being present, inhumanly punished for his confession of Christ, and stripped him of his present authority, not bearing his boldness and opposition. For Julian, as has been shown, having girded himself with the Roman empire, was most eager to restore Hellenism. Therefore, sending out letters everywhere, he commanded their sacred precincts and altars to be re-erected with great zeal and eagerness; and as many revenues as the great Constantine had assigned to the churches, and his son Constantius, having taken these away, he dedicated them to the temples of the demons; and instead of bishops, presbyters, and deacons, he appointed sacristans, and temple-wardens, and sprinklers, and sacrificers, and basket-bearers, and all the appellations that the Hellenic nonsense proclaims; these things and others were being done in Constantinople. 23. After this, having a brother of his mother named Julian, who had denied the Christian religion for his sake, and was displaying great zeal for Hellenism, he sent him out as ruler of the East, whom they call *comes*, having commanded him to harm and corrupt the affairs of the churches, and everywhere and through every means to increase and exalt Hellenism, And when he arrived in Antioch, he tried to appear greater than his commands in his actions, and indeed he seized all the treasures of all the churches, which consisted of silver and gold and silk fabrics, and he also closed the churches, so that no one might enter into them for the sake of prayer, having put locks and bars on the gates. And these things the ruler of the East was doing in the city of Antioch. 96.1273 The emperor Julian was still spending some time in Constantinople, strengthening the things there which were considered most beneficial to the empire, and considering and contriving how Hellenism might be raised by him to greater magnificence; Setting out therefore from Constantinople with the whole army, he made his way to Syria. Having then passed through all of Phrygia, and having arrived at its furthest city, the one called Iconium, he turned aside, leaving Isauria, and having crossed over the so-called Taurus, he came to the cities of Cilicia, and approaching the station at Issus, he encamped there, imitating Alexander of Macedonia; for there also that man had engaged in battle at Issus against Darius, the king of the Persians, and having conquered him, made the place famous. Having crossed the Gulf of Issus from there, he came to the city of Tarsus; and from there to Antioch, raging against the Christians and threatening to completely wipe out their name. 25. Therefore, when the tyrant came to the city of Antioch and to the

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ἀπαλλαττόμενος, τό τε διάδημα ἐπέθετο 96.1272 αὖθις, καὶ τῶν πραγμάτων ἐγκρατὴς ἦν, μόνος ἤδη τὴν ὅλην τῶν Ῥωμαίων βασιλείαν ὑποζωσάμενος. Ἐπεὶ οὖν ὁ Κωνστάντιος ἐκ ποδῶν ἦν, εἰς τοὺς ὑπολειπομένους, καὶ μάλιστα τῷ φθόνῳ τὴν αἰτίαν παρασχομένους τῆς ἀναιρέσεως Γάλλου, ἀνέψυχε τὸ ζέον τῆς ὀργῆς· καὶ αὐτίκα Εὐσέβιον μὲν τὸν πραιπόσιτον τῆς κεφαλῆς ἀφαιρεῖται, διότι τὴν ἀρχήν τε ἐφαίνετο ἐκ τῶν ἑαυτοῦ διαβολῶν τὸν ἅπαντα τῷ Γάλλῳ φόνον συγκερασάμενος. Παῦλον δὲ τὸν Σπανὸν εἰς τοὺς ὑπογραφέας τοῦ βασιλέως τελοῦντα πυρὶ παραδίδωσιν, ὡς πολλὰ δὴ μάλα τῷ Γάλλῳ ἐμπικρανάμενον. Τούτους μὲν ἀμφοτέρους εἰς τὴν Χαλκηδόνα διαπέμψας, ἐκεῖ τῇ οἰκείᾳ δίκῃ ὑπάγει ἑκάτερον· ἀνεῖλεν δὲ καὶ Γαυδέντιον στρατηγὸν τῆς Ἀφρικῆς, καὶ ἄλλους τινὰς, ὁπόσοι τι εἰς αὐτὸν πεπαρῳνήκεσαν. κβʹ. Ἀλλὰ τούτους μὲν διὰ γραμμάτων ἐκόλασεν· τὸν δὲ τοῦ Χριστοῦ μάρτυρα καὶ γενναῖον ἀθλητὴν Ἀρτέμιον αὐτὸς δι' ἑαυτοῦ ἐν Ἀντιοχείᾳ παρὼν καὶ παρόντα, διὰ τὴν εἰς Χριστὸν ὁμολογίαν ἀπανθρώπως ἐκόλασεν, καὶ τῆς παρούσης αὐτὸν ἀπεγύμνωσεν ἐξουσίας, μὴ φέρων τὴν αὐτοῦ παῤῥησίαν καὶ ἔνστασιν. Ὁ γὰρ Ἰουλιανὸς, ὡς δεδήλωται, τὴν τῶν Ῥωμαίων βασιλείαν ὑποζωσάμενος, ἐσπούδαζε μάλιστα τὸν Ἑλληνισμὸν ἐπανορθοῦν. Πανταχοῦ τοίνυν γράμματα διαπεμπόμενος, ἐκέλευε τὰ τούτων τεμένη καὶ τοὺς βωμοὺς ἀνιστᾷν μετὰ πολλῆς σπουδῆς τε καὶ προθυμίας· καὶ ὅσας ὁ μέγας Κωνσταντῖνος ταῖς ἐκκλησίαις προσόδους ἀπένειμε καὶ ὁ τούτου υἱὸς Κωνστάντιος, ταύτας ἀφελὼν, τοῖς τῶν δαιμόνων ναοῖς ἀφιέρωσεν· ἀντ' ἐπισκόπων καὶ πρεσβυτέρων καὶ διακόνων καταστήσας ζακόρους, καὶ νεωκόρους, καὶ ῥάντας, καὶ θύτας, καὶ κανηφόρους, καὶ ὅσας ὁ Ἑλληνικὸς ὕθλος ἐπιφημίζει προσωνυμίας· ταῦτα μὲν οὖν καὶ ἕτερα διεπράττετο κατὰ τὴν Κωνσταντινούπολιν. κγʹ. Μετὰ δὲ ταῦτα μητρὸς αὐτοῦ ἀδελφὸν ἔχων Ἰουλιανὸν τοὔνομα, τὴν τοῦ Χριστιανισμοῦ θρησκείαν ἀπαρνησάμενον διὰ τὴν ἐκείνου χάριν, καὶ πολλὴν ὑπὲρ τοῦ Ἑλληνισμοῦ προθυμίαν ἐπιδεικνύμενον, ἄρχοντα τῆς Ἑῴας ὃν καλοῦσι κόμητα ἐξέπεμψεν, ἐντειλάμενος τὰ μὲν τῶν ἐκκλησιῶν πράγματα κακοῦν τε καὶ διαφθείρειν, πανταχοῦ δὲ καὶ διὰ πάσης ἰδέας τὸν Ἑλληνισμὸν αὔξειν τε καὶ ἐπαίρειν, Ὁ δὲ ἀφικόμενος ἐν Ἀντιοχείᾳ, ἐπειρᾶτο μείζω τῶν ἐντεταλμένων τοῖς ἔργοις φαίνεσθαι, καὶ δὴ προσαιρεῖται μὲν πασῶν τῶν ἐκκλησιῶν ἅπαντα τὰ κειμήλια, ὅσα ἐν ἀργύρῳ τε καὶ χρυσῷ καὶ σηρικοῖς ὑφάσμασι διετέλει, ἀποκλείει δὲ καὶ τὰς ἐκκλησίας, τοῦ μή τινα εἰσφοιτᾷν ἐν αὐταῖς εὐχῆς ἕνεκα, κλεῖθρα καὶ μοχλοὺς τοῖς πυλῶσιν ἐπιβαλών. Καὶ ταῦτα μὲν κατὰ τὴν Ἀντιόχου πόλιν ὁ τῆς ἀνατολῆς ἄρχων εἰργάζετο. 96.1273 Ὁ δὲ βασιλεὺς Ἰουλιανὸς ἔτι κατὰ τὴν Κωνσταντινούπολιν διεῖλκέ τινα χρόνον, τὰ ἐν ταύτῃ κρατύνας εἰς ὅπερ ἐνομίζετο μάλιστα τῇ βασιλείᾳ συμφέρειν, καὶ ὅπως ὁ Ἑλληνισμὸς αὐτῷ πρὸς τὸ μεγαλειότερον ἐξαρθῇ σκοπῶν τε καὶ πραγματευόμενος· ἄρας οὖν ἐκ τῆς Κωνσταντινουπόλεως σὺν παντὶ τῷ στρατῷ τὴν ἐπὶ τῆς Συρίας ἐποιεῖτο ὁδόν. ∆ιελθὼν τοίνυν ἅπασαν τὴν Φρυγίαν, καὶ πρὸς τὴν ἐσχάτην αὐτῆς πόλιν τὸ καλούμενον Ἰκόνιον καταντήσας, ἐξέκλινε τὴν Ἰσαυρίαν καταλιπὼν, καὶ τὸν λεγόμενον Ταῦρον ὑπεραναβὰς, ἦλθεν ἐπὶ τὰς πόλεις τῆς Κιλικίας, καὶ τῷ σταθμῷ προσπελάσας τῷ ἐν Ἰσσῷ, αὐτοῦ κατασκηνοῖ, τὸν ἐκ Μακεδονίας Ἀλέξανδρον μιμησάμενος· αὐτόθι γὰρ κἀκεῖνος ἐν Ἰσσῷ τὸν πρὸς ∆αρεῖον τῶν Περσῶν βασιλέα συνεκρότησε πόλεμον, καὶ τοῦτον νικήσας, ἐπίσημον τὸν τόπον εἰργάσατο. Ἐκεῖθεν τὸν Ἰσσικὸν κόλπον διαπεράσας, ἦλθεν ἐν Ταρσοῖ τῇ πόλει· κἀκεῖθεν εἰς Ἀντιόχειαν θυμομαχὼν κατὰ τῶν Χριστιανῶν καὶ ἐπαπειλούμενος τὸ τούτων εἰς ἅπαν ἐξαλείφειν ὄνομα. κεʹ. Ἐλθόντι τοιγαροῦν τῷ τυράννῳ ἐν Ἀντιοχείᾳ τῇ πόλει καὶ πρὸς τοῖς