Chapter 7.—Of the Exposition of the Resurrection, the Judgment, and Other Subjects, Which Should Follow This Narration.

11. On the completion of this narration, the hope of the resurrection should be set forth, and, so far as the capacity and strength of the hearer will bear it, and so far also as the measure of time at our disposal will allow, we ought to handle our arguments against the vain scoffings of unbelievers on the subject of the resurrection of the body, as well as on that of the future judgment, with its goodness in relation to the good, its severity in relation to the evil, its truth in relation to all. And after the penalties of the impious have thus been declared with detestation and horror, then the kingdom of the righteous and faithful, and that supernal city and its joy, should form the next themes for our discourse. At this point, moreover, we ought to equip and animate the weakness of man in withstanding temptations and offenses, whether these emerge without or rise within the church itself; without, as in opposition to Gentiles, or Jews, or heretics; within, on the other hand, as in opposition to the chaff of the Lord’s threshing-floor. It is not meant, however, that we are to dispute against each several type of perverse men, and that all their wrong opinions are to be refuted by set arrays of argumentations: but, in a manner suitable to a limited allowance of time, we ought to show how all this was foretold, and to point out of what service temptations are in the training of the faithful, and what relief50    Medicina there is in the example of the patience of God, who has resolved to permit them even to the end. But, again, while he is being furnished against these (adversaries), whose perverse multitudes fill the churches so far as bodily presence is concerned, the precepts of a Christian and honorable manner of life should also be briefly and befittingly detailed at the same time, to the intent that he may neither allow himself to be easily led astray in this way, by any who are drunkards, covetous, fraudulent, gamesters, adulterers, fornicators, lovers of public spectacles, wearers of unholy charms, sorcerers, astrologers, or diviners practising any sort of vain and wicked arts, and all other parties of a similar character; nor to let himself fancy that any such course may be followed with impunity on his part, simply because he sees many who are called Christians loving these things, and engaging themselves with them, and defending them, and recommending them, and actually persuading others to their use. For as to the end which is appointed for those who persist in such a mode of life, and as to the method in which they are to be borne with in the church itself, out of which they are destined to be separated in the end,—these are subjects in which the learner ought to be instructed by means of the testimonies of the divine books. He should also, however, be informed beforehand that he will find in the church many good Christians, most genuine citizens of the heavenly Jerusalem, if he sets about being such himself. And, finally, he must be sedulously warned against letting his hope rest on man. For it is not a matter that can be easily judged by man, what man is righteous. And even were this a matter which could be easily done, still the object with which the examples of righteous men are set before us is not that we may be justified by them, but that, as we imitate them, we may understand how we ourselves also are justified by their Justifier. For the issue of this will be something which must merit the highest approval,—namely this, that when the person who is hearing us, or rather, who is hearing God by us, has begun to make some progress in moral qualities and in knowledge, and to enter upon the way of Christ with ardor, he will not be so bold as to ascribe the change either to us or to himself; but he will love both himself and us, and whatever other persons he loves as friends, in Him, and for His sake who loved him when he was an enemy, in order that He might justify him and make him a friend. And now that we have advanced thus far, I do not think that you need any preceptor to tell you how you should discuss matters briefly, when either your own time or that of those who are hearing you is occupied; and how, on the other hand, you should discourse at greater length when there is more time at your command. For the very necessity of the case recommends this, apart from the counsel of any adviser.

CAPUT VII.

11. Resurrectio, judicium et alia quaedam post narrationem intimanda. Narratione finita, spes resurrectionis intimanda est, et pro capacitate ac viribus audientis, proque ipsius temporis modulo, adversus vanas irrisiones infidelium de corporis resurrectione tractandum, et futuri ultimi judicii bonitate in bonos, severitate in malos, veritate in omnes; commemoratisque cum detestatione et horrore poenis impiorum, regnum justorum atque fidelium et superna illa civitas ejusque gaudium cum desiderio praedicandum est. Tum vero instruenda et animanda est infirmitas hominis adversus tentationes et scandala, sive foris sive in ipsa intus Ecclesia: foris adversus Gentiles vel Judaeos vel haereticos; intus autem adversus areae dominicae 0318 paleam. Non ut contra singula perversorum genera disputetur, omnesque illorum pravae opiniones propositis quaestionibus refellantur; sed pro tempore brevi demonstrandum est ita esse praedictum, et quae sit utilitas tentationum erudiendis fidelibus, et quae medicina in exemplo patientiae Dei, qui statuit usque in finem ista permittere. Cum vero adversus eos instruitur, quorum perversae turbae corporaliter implent ecclesias, simul etiam praecepta breviter et decenter commemorentur christianae atque honestae conversationis, ne ab ebriosis, avaris, fraudatoribus aleatoribus, adulteris, fornicatoribus, spectaculorum amatoribus, remediorum sacrilegorum alligatoribus, praecantatoribus, mathematicis, vel quarumlibet artium vanarum et malarum divinatoribus, atque hujusmodi caeteris ita facile seducatur, et impunitum sibi fore arbitretur, quia videt multos qui christiani appellantur, haec amare, et agere, et defendere, et suadere, et persuadere. Quis enim finis praestitutus sit in tali vita perseverantibus, et quam sint in ipsa Ecclesia tolerandi, ex qua in fine separandi sunt, divinorum Librorum testimoniis edocendum est. Praenuntiandum est etiam inventurum eum in Ecclesia multos christianos bonos, verissimos cives coelestis Jerusalem, si esse ipse coeperit. Ad extremum ne spes ejus in homine ponatur, sedulo monendus est: quia neque facile ab homine judicari potest quis homo sit justus; et si facile posset, non ideo nobis proponi exempla justorum, ut ab eis justificemur, sed ut eos imitantes ab eorum justificatore nos quoque justificari sciamus. Hinc enim fiet, quod maxime commendandum est, ut cum ille qui nos audit, imo per nos audit Deum, moribus et scientia proficere coeperit, et viam Christi alacriter ingredi, nec nobis id audeat assignare, nec sibi; sed et se ipsum, et nos, et quoscumque alios diligit amicos, in illo et propter illum diligat, qui eum dilexit inimicum, ut justificans faceret amicum. Hic jam non te puto praeceptore indigere, ut cum occupata sunt tempora, vel tua, vel eorum qui te audiunt, breviter agas; cum autem largiora, argius eloquaris: hoc enim nullo admonente ipsa necessitas praecipit.