9

He makes the defense that they themselves are the cause for themselves. For indeed he was not such from the beginning, but he brought servitude upon himself. Did I despise him as a slave? Did I not provide for him as a son? Or is Jacob one born in the household? Or did I not hold his forefather in honor, so as even after death to honor him in memory? That is: I from the beginning acquired him in the rank of a son, but he has made himself contemptible; for this reason he has also become subject to his enemies. And the sons of Memphis, and Tahpanhes knew you, and they mocked you. It is practically the voice of one lamenting: Whence have these things happened to you? Calling them to mind, And they mocked you. That which is especially wont to sting men among misfortunes, the phrase they knew you, as if to some noble maiden who has been cast down, and having treated her with drunken insolence they mocked you. He speaks about the Egyptians. But some said that, they knew, is they will shepherd, using a metaphor, and he added, they mocked, in order to signify the wickedness of those doing evil. Did not this do these things to you, the fact of your leaving me? You see that I do not say these things for my own sake, but for yours. For whence, then, have these things happened? whence are the cities desolate? whence did the lions enter? whence did those men mock? If you had not forsaken me, who led you through the desert, and prepared you to pass through unharmed. And now what have you to do with the way of Egypt, to drink the water of Gihon? This all men charge, and accuse you of, that leaving God to call for an alliance, they drew 64.765 to themselves their enemies and those who plotted against them, and had them as friends. God is jealous, and is indignant most of all when we do not have need of him; he brings us into a state of necessity, so that we have need of him always; so ardently does he love us and desire to provide. And if another gives the favor, he is indignant, and overturns it when given, and does not allow it to come to fruition. You will not bear the words, you will bear the realities. He blames them, because being in better circumstances, they seek lesser things; for the Hebrew has Sihor for Gihon, which is interpreted as canal. For since also in the Law the blessed Moses, by comparison with the Egyptians, praised the land of Palestine, as not waiting for a collection of water so as to water the land like a garden by much labor, but the water is brought from above, from heaven, not by human hand, God showing his providence for the land, he remembers those things, reproaching them. But he says these things, as they had often called upon the Egyptians and Assyrians for help, and now as Jehoiakim thought great things of the Egyptian, and that he would suffer nothing from the Babylonian with his alliance, when they were being warred against by the Syrians, they called the Assyrians for an alliance. But when the Assyrians campaigned against them, they fled to the Egyptians. For he calls the Nile Gihon. Your apostasy will discipline you. For to be outside of God is sufficient for discipline. Says the Lord. The words are not mine, the decision is not human; he still calls himself its God. And I was not well pleased in you. Never, that is, I found no rest. Because from of old you broke your yoke. They did not even loose, but they broke it. You said: I will not serve you, but I will go upon every hill; there I will be poured out in my fornication. See him destroying, or rather, running wild and leaping. See hills and groves preferred to God. You see that he did not flee the burden of rule, but acted insolently; it is not as if, being humbled and subdued, she sought to commit fornication, but only relaxation, and not simply, I will commit fornication, but I will be poured out. So that even if it was a yoke and a bond, it was rightly tightening, restraining the disorderly leaps, and not even in defined places, but everywhere in each place was the occasion for impiety. I planted you a fruit-bearing vine, wholly true. For do not think again that these things happened from a natural evil. For since it was likely that some would be at a loss and say, for what reason from the beginning

9

ἀπολογεῖται ὅτι αὐτοὶ ἑαυτοῖς αἴτιοι. Οὐ γὰρ δὴ ἐξ ἀρχῆς τοιοῦτος ἦν, ἀλλ' ἑαυτῷ τὴν δουλείαν ἐπεσπάσατο. Μὴ ὡς δούλου κατεφρόνουν; Οὐχ ὡς υἱοῦ προενόησα; Ἢ οἰκογενής ἐστιν Ἰακώβ; Ἢ οὐχὶ καὶ τὸνπροπάτορα διὰ τιμῆς ἤγαγον, ὥστε καὶ μετὰ θάνατον αὐτὸν τιμᾷν τῇ μνήμῃ; Τουτέστιν· Ἐγὼ μὲν ἄνωθεν ἐν υἱοῦ τάξει αὐτὸν ἐκτησάμην, αὐτὸς δὲ εὐκαταφρόνητον ἑαυτὸν πεποίηκεν· διὰ τοῦτο καὶ τοῖς ἐχθροῖς ὑποχείριος γέγονεν. Καὶ υἱοὶ Μέμφεως, καὶ Τάφνας ἔγνωσάν σε, καὶ κατέπαιζόν σου. Μονονουχὶ ἀποδυρομένου ἐστί· Πόθεν σοι ταῦτα γέγονεν; Ἀνακαλουμένου αὐτοὺς, Καὶ κατέπαιξάν σου. Ὃ μάλιστα τῶν συμφορῶν τοὺς ἀνθρώπους δάκνειν εἴωθεν, τὸ ἔγνωσάν σε, καθάπερ τινὶ κόρῃ εὐγενίδι ῥιφείσῃ, καὶ ἐμπαροινήσαντες κατέπαιξάν σου. Περὶ Αἰγυπτίων λέγει. Τινὲς δὲ τὸ, ἔγνωσαν, ποιμανοῦσιν, ἔφασαν, μεταφορᾷ χρησάμενοι, καὶ τὸ, κατέπαιξαν ἐπήγαγεν, ἵνα τῶν κακούντων τὴν κακίαν σημάνῃ. Οὐχὶ ταῦτα ἐποίησέ σοι, τὸ καταλιπεῖν ἐμέ; Ὁρᾷς ὅτι οὐκ ἐμοῦ ἕνεκεν ταῦτα λέγω, ἀλλὰ τῶν σῶν. Πόθεν γοῦν γὰρ ταῦτα γεγένηται; πόθεν ἔρημοι αἱ πόλεις; πόθεν οἱ λέοντες ἐπεισέβησαν; πόθεν ἐκεῖνοι κατέπαιξαν; Εἰ μὴ ἐμὲ ἐγκατέλιπες, τὸν διαγαγόντα σε ἐν τῇ ἐρήμῳ, καὶ παρασκευάσαντα ἀσινῆ παρελθεῖν. Καὶ νῦν τί σοι ἐν τῇ ὁδῷ Αἰγύπτου, τοῦ ποιεῖν ὕδωρ Γηρῶν; Τοῦτο πάντες ἐγκαλοῦσι, καὶ κατηγοροῦσι καθ' ὑμῶν, ὅτι παρέντες τὸν Θεὸν ἐγκαλεῖν εἰς συμμαχίαν, τοὺς ἐχθροὺς καὶ ἐπιβουλεύοντας αὐτοῖς ἐπε 64.765 σπῶντο, καὶ αὐτοὺς ἔσχον φίλους. Ζηλότυπός ἐστιν ὁ Θεὸς, καὶ ἀγανακτεῖ πλέον μάλιστα, ὅταν μὴ αὐτοῦ χρείαν ἔχωμεν, εἰς ἀνάγκην καθίστησιν, ὥστε χρείαν ἔχειν αὐτοῦ διὰ παντός· οὕτως ἡμῶν ἐρᾷ σφόδρα καὶ ἐπιθυμεῖ παρέχειν. Κἂν ἕτερος δῷ τὴν χάριν, ἀγανακτεῖ, καὶ δοθεῖσαν ἀνατρέπει, καὶ οὐκ ἀφίησιν εἰς ἔργον ἐλθεῖν. Οὐκ ἀνέχῃ τῶν ῥημάτων, ἀνέξῃ τῶν πραγμάτων. Μέμφεται αὐτοὺς, ὅτι ἐν κρείττοσιν ὄντες, τὰ ἐλάττονα ἐπιζητοῦσι· τὸ γὰρ Γηὼν, Σιὼρ ἔχει ὁ Ἑβραῖος, ὅπερ ἑρμηνεύεται διώρυξ. Ἐπειδὴ γὰρ καὶ ἐν τῷ νόμῳ ὁ μακάριος Μωϋσῆς παραθέσει τῆς πρὸς Αἰγυπτίους ἐπῄνεσε τὴν τῆς Παλαιστίνης γῆν, ὡς οὐκ ἀναμένουσαν συναγωγὴν ὕδατος ὥστε πολυχειρίᾳ τὴν γῆν ὡς κῆπον ἀρδεύειν, ἀλλ' ἄνωθεν μὲν ἐκ τοῦ οὐρανοῦ φέρεται τὸ ὕδωρ, οὐ διὰ χειρὸς ἀνθρωπίνης, τοῦ Θεοῦ δεικνύντος τὴν περὶ τὴν γῆν πρόνοιαν, ἐκείνων μέμνηται, ὀνειδίζων αὐτούς. Ταῦτα δέ φησιν, ὡς πολλάκις μὲν Αἰγυπτίων ἐπικαλεσαμένων, καὶ Ἀσσυρίων τὴν βοήθειαν, καὶ νῦν δὲ ὡς τοῦ Ἰωακεὶμ μεγάλα ἐπὶ τῷ Αἰγυπτίῳ φρονοῦντος, καὶ ὡς οὐδὲν πείσεται ὑπὸ τοῦ Βαβυλωνίου τῇ ἐκείνου συμμαχίᾳ, ἡνίκα ὑπὸ Σύρων ἐπολεμοῦντο, τοὺς Ἀσσυρίους εἰς συμμαχίαν ἐκάλεσαν. Ὅτε δὲ Ἀσσύριοι αὐτοῖς ἐπεστράτευσαν, πρὸς Αἰγυπτίους κατέφυγον. Γηὼν γὰρ τὸν Νεῖλον καλεῖ. Παιδεύσει σε ἡ ἀποστασία σου. Ἱκανὸν γὰρ εἰς παιδείαν τὸ ἔξω τοῦ Θεοῦ γενέσθαι. Λέγει Κύριος. Οὐκ ἐμὰ τὰ ῥήματα, οὐκ ἀνθρωπίνη ἡ ἀπόφασις· ἔτι Θεὸν αὐτῆς ἑαυτὸν καλεῖ. Καὶ οὐκ εὐδόκησα ἐπὶ σοί. Οὐδέποτε, τουτέστιν ἀνεπαυσάμην. Ὅτι ἀπ' αἰῶνος συνέτριψας τὸν ζυγόν σου. Οὐδὲ ἔλυσαν, ἀλλὰ συνέτριψαν. Εἶπας· Οὐ δουλεύσω σοι, ἀλλὰ πορεύσομαι ἐπὶ πάντα βουνόν· ἐκεῖ διαχυθήσομαι ἐν τῇ πορνείᾳ μου. Ὅρα ἀφανίζοντα ἄλλ. ἀφηνιάζοντα καὶ σκιρτῶντα. Ὅρα βουνοὺς καὶ ἄλση τοῦ Θεοῦ προτιμώμενα. Ὁρᾷς ὅτι οὐ τὸ φορτικὸν τῆς ἀρχῆς ἔφυγεν, ἀλλ' ἐξύβριζεν· οὐκ ἂν ᾖ ἴσ. εἰ τεταπεινωμένη καὶ κατειργασμένη, πορνεῦσαι ἐζήτησεν, ἀλλ', ἄνεσιν μόνην, καὶ οὐχ ἁπλῶς Πορνεύσω, ἀλλὰ ∆ιαχυθήσομαι. Ὥστε καὶ εἰ ζυγὸς ἦν καὶ δεσμὸς, εἰκότως ἀπέσφιγγε τὰ ἄτακτα κατέχων σκιρτήματα, καὶ οὐδ' εἰς ὡρισμένους τόπους, ἀλλὰ πανταχοῦ εἰς ἕκαστον χωρίον τῆς ἀσεβείας ἡ ὑπόθεσις. Ἐγὼ ἐφύτευσά σε ἄμπελον καρποφόρον, πᾶσαν ἀληθινήν. Μὴ γὰρ δὴ νομίσῃς πάλιν ἀπὸ κακίας αὐτὰ γενέσθαι φυσικῆς. Ἐπειδὴ γὰρ εἰκὸς ἦν ἀπορεῖν τινας καὶ λέγειν, τίνος ἕνεκεν ἐξ ἀρχῆς