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of one thing, that in not considering stones and wood, gold and silver to be gods, we are impious; but if they are very far apart from one another, and as much as a craftsman is from the material prepared for his art, why are we accused? For as the potter and the clay, the clay is the matter and the potter is the craftsman, so God is the Creator, and matter is obedient to Him for his art. But as it is impossible for the clay by itself to become vessels without art, so also the all-receptive matter, without God the Creator, did not receive distinction and form and order. And as we do not hold the pottery to be more valuable than him who made it, nor the bowls and golden vessels than him who forged them, but if there is anything skillful in them according to the art, we praise the craftsman, and it is he who reaps the glory for the vessels, so also in the case of matter and God, of the arrangement of the ordered things, it is not matter that justly has the glory and the honor, but God its Creator. So that, if we should consider the forms of matter gods, we shall seem to be insensible of the true God, equating the dissoluble and perishable with the eternal. For the world is beautiful, both encompassing in its size, and in the arrangement of the things in the slanted circle and those around the North, and in its shape being spherical; but not it, but its craftsman must be worshipped. For not even the subjects who come to you, neglecting to serve you, the rulers and masters, from whom they might obtain what they need, take refuge in the magnificence of your dwelling, but the royal dwelling, when they happen upon it, they admire as being beautifully furnished, but they hold you in glory as all in all. And you, the kings, prepare the royal dwellings for yourselves, but the world was not made as if God needed it; for God is all things himself to himself: unapproachable light, perfect world, spirit, power, reason. If, then, the world is a melodious instrument moved in rhythm, I worship him who tuned it and strikes the notes and sings the accordant melody, not the instrument; for neither at the contests do the judges, passing over the cithara players, crown their citharas; whether, as Plato says, it is an art of God, admiring its beauty I approach the artist; or whether it is substance and body, as those of the Peripatos say, we do not, neglecting to worship God the cause of the body's motion, fall down before the poor and weak elements, worshipping according to them the passible matter in the impassible air; or if one understands the parts of the world to be powers of God, we do not approach and serve the powers, but their maker and master. I do not ask from matter things which it does not have, nor passing over God do I serve the elements, which have power to do nothing more than they have been commanded; for if indeed they are beautiful

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ἑνὸς πράγματος, τοὺς λίθους καὶ τὰ ξύλα, τὸν χρυσὸν καὶ τὸν ἄργυρον οὐ νομίζοντες θεοὺς ἀσεβοῦμεν· εἰ δὲ διεστᾶσι πάμπολυ ἀπ' ἀλλήλων καὶ τοσοῦτον ὅσον τεχνίτης καὶ ἡ πρὸς τὴν τέχνην αὐτοῦ παρασκευή, τί ἐγκαλούμεθα; ὡς γὰρ ὁ κεραμεὺς καὶ ὁ πηλός, ὕλη μὲν ὁ πηλός, τεχνίτης δὲ ὁ κεραμεύς, καὶ ὁ θεὸς δημιουργός, ὑπακούουσα δὲ αὐτῷ ἡ ὕλη πρὸς τὴν τέχνην. ἀλλ' ὡς ὁ πηλὸς καθ' ἑαυτὸν σκεύη γενέσθαι χωρὶς τέχνης ἀδύνατος, καὶ ἡ πανδεχὴς ὕλη ἄνευ τοῦ θεοῦ τοῦ δημιουργοῦ διάκρισιν καὶ σχῆμα καὶ κόσμον οὐκ ἐλάμβανεν. ὡς δὲ οὐ τὸν κέραμον προτιμότερον τοῦ ἐργασαμένου αὐτὸν ἔχομεν οὐδὲ τὰς φιάλας καὶ χρυσίδας τοῦ χαλκεύσαντος, ἀλλ' εἴ τι περὶ ἐκείνας δεξιὸν κατὰ τὴν τέχνην, τὸν τεχνίτην ἐπαινοῦμεν καὶ οὗτός ἐστιν ὁ τὴν ἐπὶ τοῖς σκεύεσι δόξαν καρπούμενος, καὶ ἐπὶ τῆς ὕλης καὶ τοῦ θεοῦ τῆς διαθέσεως τῶν κεκοσμημένων οὐχ ἡ ὕλη τὴν δόξαν καὶ τὴν τιμὴν δικαίαν ἔχει, ἀλλ' ὁ δημιουργὸς αὐτῆς θεός. ὥστε, εἰ τὰ εἴδη τῆς ὕλης ἄγοιμεν θεούς, ἀναισθητεῖν τοῦ ὄντως θεοῦ δόξομεν, τὰ λυτὰ καὶ φθαρτὰ τῷ ἀιδίῳ ἐξισοῦντες. Καλὸς μὲν γὰρ ὁ κόσμος καὶ τῷ μεγέθει περιέχων καὶ τῇ διαθέσει τῶν τε ἐν τῷ λοξῷ κύκλῳ καὶ τῶν περὶ τὴν ἄρκτον καὶ τῷ σχήματι σφαιρικῷ ὄντι· ἀλλ' οὐ τοῦτον, ἀλλὰ τὸν τεχνίτην αὐτοῦ προσκυνητέον. οὐδὲ γὰρ οἱ πρὸς ὑμᾶς ἀφικνούμενοι ὑπήκοοι παραλιπόντες ὑμᾶς τοὺς ἄρχοντας καὶ δεσπότας θεραπεύειν παρ' ὧν ἄν, <ὧν> δέοιντο, καὶ τύχοιεν, ἐπὶ τὸ σεμνὸν τῆς καταγωγῆς ὑμῶν καταφεύγουσιν, ἀλλὰ τὴν μὲν βασιλικὴν ἑστίαν, τὴν ἄλλως ἐντυχόντες αὐτῇ, θαυμάζουσι καλῶς ἠσκημένην, ὑμᾶς δὲ πάντα ἐν πᾶσιν ἄγουσι τῇ δόξῃ. καὶ ὑμεῖς μὲν οἱ βασιλεῖς ἑαυτοῖς ἀσκεῖτε τὰς καταγωγὰς βασιλικάς, ὁ δὲ κόσμος οὐχ ὡς δεομένου τοῦ θεοῦ γέγονεν· πάντα γὰρ ὁ θεός ἐστιν αὐτὸς αὑτῷ, φῶς ἀπρόσιτον, κόσμος τέλειος, πνεῦμα, δύναμις, λόγος. εἰ τοίνυν ἐμμελὲς ὁ κόσμος ὄργανον κινούμενον ἐν ·υθμῷ, τὸν ἁρμοσάμενον καὶ πλήσσοντα τοὺς φθόγγους καὶ τὸ σύμφωνον ἐπᾴδοντα μέλος, οὐ τὸ ὄργανον προσ κυνῶ· οὐδὲ γὰρ ἐπὶ τῶν ἀγωνιστῶν παραλιπόντες οἱ ἀθλοθέται τοὺς κιθαριστάς, τὰς κιθάρας στεφανοῦσιν αὐτῶν· εἴτε, ὡς ὁ Πλάτων φησί, τέχνη τοῦ θεοῦ, θαυμάζων αὐτοῦ τὸ κάλλος τῷ τεχνίτῃ πρόσειμι· εἴτε οὐσία καὶ σῶμα, ὡς οἱ ἀπὸ τοῦ Περιπάτου, οὐ παραλιπόντες προσκυνεῖν τὸν αἴτιον τῆς κινήσεως τοῦ σώματος θεὸν ἐπὶ τὰ πτωχὰ καὶ ἀσθενῆ στοιχεῖα καταπίπτομεν, τῷ ἀπαθεῖ ἀέρι κατ' αὐτοὺς τὴν παθητὴν ὕλην προσκυνοῦντες· εἴτε δυνάμεις τοῦ θεοῦ τὰ μέρη τοῦ κόσμου νοεῖ τις, οὐ τὰς δυνάμεις προσιόντες θεραπεύομεν, ἀλλὰ τὸν ποιητὴν αὐτῶν καὶ δεσπότην. οὐκ αἰτῶ τὴν ὕλην ἃ μὴ ἔχει, οὐδὲ παραλιπὼν τὸν θεὸν τὰ στοιχεῖα θεραπεύω, οἷς μηδὲν πλέον ἢ ὅσον ἐκελεύσθησαν ἔξεστιν· εἰ γὰρ καὶ καλὰ