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αʹ. If anyone should try to slander Tamar as a harlot, let him hear Judah himself saying: “Tamar is more righteous than I, because I did not give her to Shelah my son;” for she did not stand on the roof intending to commit fornication, but with a dignified intention for the sake of bearing children she ensnares Judah; and the reason is not unclear: for he urged her to remain at home until Shelah his son should grow up, as he would take her himself; and she readily obeyed, remaining childless and a widow, waiting for Judah’s promises; but when he did not bring his promises to fulfillment, since the desire for children was earnestly pursued by the people of that time, and childlessness was then reckoned among the worst of evils by all, seeing that Judah had deceived her, and that her hopes from the son had been taken up in vain, she makes an attempt on the man; never was there a law of Moses, nor of the prophets, nor of any other, forbidding such things; then she devises the childbearing from him; indeed, not revealing who she was, she contrives to have intercourse with him; at once exposing her own modesty and his incontinence; for she, obeying him for many years, remained a widow and childless; but even when it was possible to marry another, and to become the mother of children by some foreign man, she does not do this; desiring the kinship of Judah’s ancestors, Abraham and Isaac, and indeed of Israel; but he, having left the girl to be a widow, and having kept the young woman childless for long periods of time, was not able to control himself after the death of his wife; but as soon as Judah’s wife dies, he, since there was no law in any way restraining such things, supposing the aforesaid to be a harlot, was caught by her doing what was not right; because he, being such a man, deprived her of the fruit of childbearing, her who had waited for his promises for many years, and had displayed a philosophical and modest life.

βʹ. Having thus deceived the man, from her first union with him she becomes the mother of twin offspring, God having bestowed this fruit on her because of her good intention; for though it was possible to give herself to others, and to be joined to other foreigners and impious men, she did not consider this; but having made it her prayer to be deemed worthy of the race of the God-loving, although she was a foreigner, she contrived so great a dramatic plot; but Tamar did not dare to enter into 22.908 union with Judah before his former wife was out of the way; considering the undertaking unholy before her death; indeed, she remained by herself in her father’s house, although she was childless; and would have remained childless until the end, if she had not thought to seize the opportunity; wherefore, as I said, she is deemed worthy of God as a helper, who from one union with Judah, at once bestowed on her the fruit of twin children; at the same time accomplishing mysterious economies concerning the birth of the children; because of which I also think that the wondrous evangelist especially included the whole memory of them in the genealogy of our Savior; for since twin children were born of her, both Zarah and Perez, the word of Scripture does not seem to me to signify ordinary things from their birth; wherefore also Matthew mentioned both of them and their mother, saying, “And Judah begot Zarah of Tamar;” for why was he not content to say, Judah begot Perez, omitting Zarah, which he did in the case of Jacob? For mentioning Jacob alone, he is silent about Esau.

γʹ. He also adds from what mother, saying 'of Tamar,' urging us to examine the story concerning them; for Moses writes in Genesis, saying: “And it came to pass when Tamar was giving birth, that behold, there were twins in her womb. And it happened as she was giving birth, that one put out his hand; and the midwife took and tied a scarlet thread on his hand, saying, This one will come out first. But as he drew back his hand, immediately his brother came out; and she said, What a breach you have made for yourself? And she called his name Perez. And after this his brother came out

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αʹ. Τὴν Θάμαρ εἴ τις ὡς πόρνην διαβάλλειν πειρῷτο, αὐτοῦ δὴ τοῦ Ἰούδα ἐπακουσάτω λέγοντος· «∆εδικαίωται Θάμαρ ἢ ἐγὼ, οὗ ἕνεκεν οὐκ ἔδωκα αὐτὴν Σιλὼμ τῷ υἱῷ μου·» οὐ γὰρ δὴ πορνεύειν προθεμένη ἐπὶ τοῦ τέγους ἔστη, λογισμῷ δὲ σεμνῷ παιδοποιΐας χάριν τὸν Ἰούδαν θηρᾶται· οὐκ ἄδηλος δὲ καὶ ἡ αἰτία· ὁ μὲν γὰρ αὐτῇ παρακελεύεται μένειν ἐπ' οἴκου, ἕως μέγας γένηται Σιλὼμ ὁ υἱὸς αὐτοῦ, ὡς αὐτὸς ληψόμενος αὐτήν· ἡ δὲ ἐπείθετο προθύμως, ἄπαις μένουσα καὶ χήρα, τὰς τοῦ Ἰούδα παρεγγυὰς ἐκδεχομένη· ὡς δὲ οὐκ ἐπῆγε ταῖς ἐπαγγελίαις τέλος, τοῦ περὶ παῖδας πόθου τοῖς τότε ἀνθρώποις διὰ σπουδῆς ἀγομένου, καὶ τῆς ἀτεκνίας ἐν ἐσχάτοις κακοῖς παρὰ πᾶσι τότε λελογισμένης, διαψευσάμενον αὐτῇ συνιδοῦσα τὸν Ἰούδαν, καὶ τὰς ἀπὸ τοῦ παιδὸς ἐλπίδας εἰς μάτην παραληφθείσας, αὕτη ἐπιτίθεται τῷ ἀνδρί· οὐ πώποτε νόμου Μωϋσέως, οὐδέ γε προφητῶν, οὐδὲ ἑτέρου τινὸς ἀπαγορεύοντος τὰ τοιαῦτα· κἄπειτα σοφίζεται τὴν ἐξ αὐτοῦ παιδοποιΐαν· μὴ δείξασα γοῦν ἑαυτὴν τίς ποτε ἦν, συνελθεῖν αὐτῷ μηχανᾶται· ὁμοῦ τὸ σῶφρον τὸ ἑαυτῆς, κἀκείνου τὸ ἀκρατὲς ἀπελέγχουσα· ἡ μὲν γὰρ μακροῖς ἔτεσιν αὐτῷ πειθομένη, χήρα καὶ ἄπαις διέμενεν· ἀλλὰ καὶ παρὸν γήμασθαι ἑτέρῳ, καὶ τέκνων μητέρα ἔκ τινος ἀλλογενοῦς καταστῆναι ἀνδρὸς, οὐ ποιεῖ τοῦτο· τῆς τῶν προγόνων τοῦ Ἰούδα, Ἀβραὰμ καὶ Ἰσαὰκ, καὶ δὴ καὶ τῆς τοῦ Ἰσραὴλσυγγενείας ἐφιεμένη· ὁ δὲ χηρεύειν τὴν παῖδα καταλιπὼν, καὶ κόρην ἄπαιδα ἐπὶ μακροὺς ἀναρτήσας χρόνους, οὐχ οἷός τε ἦν κρατεῖν ἑαυτοῦ μετὰ τὴν τῆς γυναικὸς τελευτήν· ἀλλ' ἅμα τελευτᾷ ἡ τοῦ Ἰούδα γυνὴ, ὁ δὲ, μηδενός πως νόμου τῶν τοιῶνδε ἀπείργοντος, πόρνην ὑπολαβὼν τὴν εἰρημένην, ἡλίσκετο πρὸς αὐτῆς οὐ δίκαια πράττων· ὅτι δὴ τοιοῦτος ὢν αὐτὸς τὴν ἐπὶ μακροῖς ἔτεσι τὰς ὑποσχέσεις ἐκδεξαμένην τὰς αὐτοῦ, φιλόσοφόν τε καὶ σώφρονα βίον ἐπιδεδειγμένην, ἀπεστέρει τοῦ περὶ τὴν παιδοποιΐαν καρποῦ.

βʹ. Ταύτῃ οὖν τὸν ἄνδρα ὑποδῦσα, ἐκ πρώτης ὁμιλίας διδύμου γονῆς ἐξ αὐτοῦ γίνεται μήτηρ, τοῦτον αὐτῇ τοῦ Θεοῦ καρπὸν τῆς ἀγαθῆς προθέσεως ἕνεκα δεδωρημένου· παρὸν γὰρ ἄλλοις ἑαυτὴν ἀγαγεῖν, καὶ ἑτέροις ἀλλοφύλοις καὶ ἀσεβέσι συναφθῆναι, τοῦτο μὲν οὐ διενοήθη· τοῦ δὲ τῶν θεοφιλῶν γένους εὐχὴν θεμένη καταξιωθῆναι, καίπερ οὖσα ἀλλόφυλος, τὴν τοσαύτην συνεσκευάσατο δραματουργίαν· οὐ πρότερον δὲ ἡ Θάμαρ ἐτόλμα παρεῖναι ἐπὶ τὴν τοῦ 22.908 Ἰούδα κοινωνίαν, ἢ ἐκποδὼν γενέσθαι τὴν προτέραν αὐτοῦ γαμετήν· πρὸ τοῦ ταύτης θανάτου οὐχ ὅσιον ἡγουμένη τὸ ἐπιχείρημα· ἔμενε γοῦν παρ' ἑαυτῇ ἐν τῷ οἴκῳ τοῦ πατρὸς αὐτῆς, καίπερ οὖσα ἄτεκνος κἂν μέχρι τέλους ἄπαις διέμενεν, εἰ μὴ τὸν καιρὸν αὐτῇ συλλαβέσθαι ἡγήσατο· διὸ δὴ, ὡς ἔφην, Θεοῦ καταξιοῦται συνεργοῦ, ὃς ἐκ μιᾶς τοῦ Ἰούδα κοινωνίας, παίδων αὐτῇ διττῶν ἀθρόως ἐδωρήσατο καρπόν· ὁμοῦ περὶ τὴν τῶν παίδων γένεσιν μυστηριώδεις ἐπιτελῶν οἰκονομίας· δι' ἃς καὶ οἶμαι μάλιστα τὸν θαυμάσιον εὐαγγελιστὴν τὴν πᾶσαν μνήμην αὐτῶν τῇ τοῦ Σωτῆρος ἡμῶν συμπεριλαβεῖν γενεαλογίᾳ· διδύμων γὰρ παίδων ἐξ αὐτῆς γενομένων, τοῦ τε Ζαρᾶ καὶ τοῦ Φαρὲς, οὐ τὰ τυχόντα μοι δοκεῖ ἐκ τῆς τούτων γενέσεως ὁ τῆς Γραφῆς αἰνίττεσθαι λόγος· διὸ καὶ ἀμφοῖν μνημονεῦσαι τὸν Ματθαῖον τῆς τε τούτων μητρὸς εἰπόντα «Ἰούδας δὲ ἐγέννησε τὸν Ζαρᾶ ἐκ τῆς Θάμαρ·» διὰ τί γὰρ οὐκ ἠρκέσθη φάναι, Ἰούδας ἐγέννησε τὸν Φαρὲς, παραλιπὼν τὸν Ζαρᾶ, ὅπερ πεποίηκεν ἐπὶ τοῦ Ἰακώβ; μόνου γὰρ τοῦ Ἰακὼβ μνησθεὶς, ἀποσιωπᾷ τὸν Ἠσαῦ.

γʹ. Προστίθησι δὲ καὶ ἀπὸ τίνος μητρὸς, λέγων ἐκ τῆς Θάμαρ, παρακαλῶν ἐπισκέψασθαι τὴν περὶ τούτων ἱστορίαν· γράφει γοῦν ὁ Μωϋσῆς ἐν τῇ Γενέσει λέγων· «Ἐγένετο δὲ ἡνίκα ἔτικτε Θάμαρ, καὶ τῇδε ἦν δίδυμα ἐν τῇ γαστρὶ αὐτῆς· ἐγένετο δὲ ἐν τῷ τίκτειν αὐτὴν, ὁ εἷς προεξήνεγκε τὴν χεῖρα· λαβοῦσα δὲ ἡ μαῖα, ἔδησεν ἐπὶ τὴν χεῖρα αὐτοῦ κόκκινον, λέγουσα, οὗτος προεξελεύσεται πρότερος· ὡς δὲ ἐπισυνήγαγε τὴν χεῖρα, εὐθὺς ἐξῆλθεν ὁ ἀδελφὸς αὐτοῦ· ἡ δὲ εἶπεν· τί διεκόπη διὰ σὲ φραγμός; καὶ ἐκάλεσε τὸ ὄνομα αὐτοῦ Φαρές· καὶ μετὰ τοῦτο ἐξῆλθεν ὁ ἀδελφὸς