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to abstain from all these things and thus to be averse to them in soul and will, as much as those who excel in authority and royal honor are averse to those who spend their time on a prostitute's stage, and as much as those clothed in clean garments and anointed with fragrant oils turn away from stench and filth. For he who turns back to any one of these visible things has neither seen, nor smelled, nor tasted that kingdom of heaven, its delight and sweetness.

And again: "Blessed are those who mourn, for they shall be comforted." Let us therefore look again and examine ourselves, if we indeed have mourning within ourselves and what consolation he says follows mourning. For first he said that the poor in spirit are blessed, as theirs is the kingdom of heaven. But the poor in spirit, as has been said, have no attachment to present things, nor do they join their reasoning to them with passion, even if it is merely pleasing. How then and why will one mourn who has abhorred the entire world and has distanced himself from it by the disposition of his reasoning more than he draws near to it with his body? He who has no desire for any of the visible things, over what then (35) will he be grieved or rejoice, and how will he mourn, when he delights daily in the kingdom of heaven, given that He said that those who mourn receive consolation? But pay attention, I beseech you, to what is being said, and you will know the knowledge and the meaning of what is said.

The faithful man, who always pays close attention to the commandments of God, when he has done all the things of the divine commandments and has delved with his own mind into their height, that is, into the blameless life and purity, then examining his own measures, will find himself weak and not strong enough to arrive at that height of the commandments, but also exceedingly poor, that is, unworthy for the reception of God and for thanksgiving and glory, as one who has not yet possessed any good of his own; but he who considers these things for himself in the perception of his soul will surely mourn a mourning that is truly most blessed, which also receives consolation and renders the soul meek.

For the consolation that comes from mourning is a pledge of the kingdom of heaven. For faith is the substance of things hoped for, according to the Apostle, but consolation is the visitation of God which occurs in mourning souls from the illumination of the Spirit, awarding them humility of mind, which is also called a seed and a talent; for growing and multiplying in the souls of those who struggle thirtyfold and sixtyfold and a hundredfold, it bears fruit for God, a holy fruit of the gifts of the Spirit. For where there is true humility, there is also a depth of humility of mind; and where (36) there is humility of mind, there are also illuminations of the Spirit. And where there are illuminations of the Spirit, there is an outpouring of God's light and God in wisdom and knowledge of His mysteries. And where these things are, there is the kingdom of heaven and knowledge of the kingdom and the hidden treasures of the knowledge of God, in which is also the revelation of spiritual poverty. And where there is a sense of spiritual poverty, there is also joyful mourning, there also are ever-flowing tears, which purify the soul that loves these things and make it completely most radiant.

Therefore, through these things the soul is renewed and recognizes its own Master, it begins eagerly to bear the other virtues for itself and for Christ. And rightly so. For being ever irrigated and enriched by tears and completely extinguishing its own anger, it becomes entirely meek and unmoved toward wrath, and it desires and yearns, hungering and thirsting together, to learn the judgments of God. And in these things it becomes also merciful and compassionate, so that from all these things it is rendered pure

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ἀπέχεσθαι ἐκ τούτων ἁπάντων καί οὕτω πρός ταῦτα ἀηδῶς διακεῖσθαι κατά ψυχήν καί προαίρεσιν, ὅσον οἱ ἐν ἐξουσίᾳ καί βασιλικῇ τιμῇ διαπρέποντες πρός τούς ἐπί σκηνῆς πορνικῆς διατρίβοντας διάκεινται καί ὅσον οἱ καθαρά περιβεβλημένοι ἱμάτια καί μύροις εὐώδεσι ἐπιχριόμενοι τήν δυσωδίαν καί τόν βόρβορον ἀποστρέφονται. Ὁ γάρ πρός ἕν τι τούτων τῶν ὁρωμένων ἐπιστρεφόμενος, τήν βασιλείαν ἐκείνην τῶν οὐρανῶν οὔτε εἶδεν οὔτε ὠσφράνθη οὔτε ἐγεύσατο αὐτῆς τῆς θυμηδίας τε καί γλυκύτητος.

Καί πάλιν· " Μακάριοι οἱ πενθοῦντες, ὅτι αὐτοί παρακληθήσονται". Ἴδωμεν οὖν αὖθις καί ἑαυτούς ἐξετάσωμεν, εἰ ἄρα ἔχομεν τό πένθος ἐν ἑαυτοῖς καί ποίαν λέγει παράκλησιν τήν ἐπακολουθοῦσαν τῷ πένθει. Πρῶτον μέν γάρ εἴρηκε τούς τῷ πνεύματι πτωχούς εἶναι μακαρίους, ὡς αὐτῶν οὔσης τῆς βασιλείας τῶν οὐρανῶν. Οἱ δέ πτωχοί τῷ πνεύματι οὐδεμίαν, ὡς εἴρηται, πρός τά παρόντα προσπάθειαν ἔχουσιν, οὔτε τόν λογισμόν πρός αὐτά ἐμπαθῶς συνδυάζονται, κἄν ψιλῶς ἡδυνόμενον. Πῶς οὖν πενθήσει καί διατί ὁ τόν κόσμον ἅπαντα βδελυξάμενος καί ἐπί πλεῖον τῇ διαθέσει τοῦ λογισμοῦ μακρυνθείς ἐξ αὐτοῦ ἤ ὅσον προσεγγίζει τῷ σώματι; Ὁ μή πρός τι τῶν ὁρωμένων ἔχων τήν ἐπιθυμίαν ὑπέρ τίνος ἄρα (35) λυπηθήσεται ἤ χαρήσεται καί πῶς πενθήσει τήν βασιλείαν τῶν οὐρανῶν καί ταύτῃ καθ᾿ ἑκάστην ἐνεφραινόμενος, ὅτι τούς πενθοῦντας εἶπε τήν παράκλησιν δέχεσθαι; Ἀλλά προσέχετε, παρακαλῶ, τοῖς λεγομένοις καί γνώσεσθε τήν γνῶσιν καί τόν λόγον τοῦ λεγομένου.

Ὁ πιστός ἄνθρωπος, ὁ ταῖς ἐντολαῖς τοῦ Θεοῦ ἀεί μετά ἀκριβείας προσέχων, ὅταν πάντα τά τῶν θείων ἐντολῶν ποιήσῃ καί πρός τό ὕψος τούτων ἤγουν πρός τήν ἄμωμον πολιτείαν καί καθαρότητα τήν ἑαυτοῦ διάνοιαν ἐμβατεύσῃ, τότε ἀνερευνῶν τά ἑαυτοῦ μέτρα, ἀσθενῆ ἑαυτόν εὑρήσει καί πρός τό ὕψος ἐκεῖνο τῶν ἐντολῶν μή ἰσχύοντα ἀφικέσθαι, ἀλλά καί πτωχόν λίαν ἤτοι ἀνάξιον εἰς ὑποδοχήν τοῦ Θεοῦ καί εὐχαριστίαν καί δόξαν, ὡς μήπω μηδέν κεκτημένον ἴδιον ἀγαθόν· ὁ δέ ταῦτα δι᾿ ἑαυτόν ἐν αἰσθήσει ψυχῆς λογιζόμενος πενθήσει πάντως πένθος τό ὄντως μακαριώτατον, ὅ καί τήν παράκλησιν δέχεται καί πραεῖαν τήν ψυχήν ἀπεργάζεται.

Ἀρραβών γάρ ἐστι τῆς βασιλείας τῶν οὐρανῶν ἡ ἐκ τοῦ πένθους ἐγγινομένη παράκλησις. Πίστις μέν γάρ ἐστιν ἐλπιζομένων ὑπόστασις κατά τόν ἀπόστολον, παράκλησις δέ ἡ ἐκ τῆς ἐλλάμψεως τοῦ Πνεύματος γινομένη ἐν ταῖς πενθούσαις ψυχαῖς ἐπιδημία Θεοῦ, ταπεινοφροσύνην ταύταις βραβεύουσα, ἥτις καί σπόρος καί τάλαντον ὀνομάζεται· αὐξανομένη γάρ καί πολυπλασιαζομένη ἐν ταῖς τῶν ἀγωνιζομένων ψυχαῖς ἐν τριάκοντα καί ἐν ἑξήκοντα καί ἐν ἑκατόν, καρποφορεῖ τῷ Θεῷ καρπόν ἅγιον τῶν χαρισμάτων τοῦ Πνεύματος. Ὅπου γάρ ταπείνωσις ἀψευδής, ἐκεῖ καί ταπεινοφροσύνης βυθός· καί ὅπου (36) ταπεινοφροσύνη, ἐκεῖ καί ἐλλάμψεις τοῦ Πνεύματος. Ὅπου δέ αἱ ἐλλάμψεις τοῦ Πνεύματος, ἐκεῖ φωτοχυσία Θεοῦ καί Θεός ἐν σοφίᾳ καί γνώσει τῶν μυστηρίων αὐτοῦ. Ἔνθα δέ ταῦτα, ἐκεῖ βασιλεία οὐρανῶν καί βασιλείας ἐπίγνωσις καί οἱ ἀποκεκρυμμένοι θησαυροί τῆς γνώσεως τοῦ Θεοῦ, ἐν οἷς καί ἡ φανέρωσίς ἐστι τῆς πτωχείας τῆς πνευματικῆς. Ὅπου δέ πτωχείας πνευματικῆς αἴσθησις, ἐκεῖ καί τό χαρμόσυνον πένθος, ἐκεῖ καί τά ἀεννάως ῥέοντα δάκρυα, τά τήν φιλοῦσαν ταῦτα ψυχήν ἐκκαθαίροντα καί τελείως αὐτήν ἀπεργαζόμενα φωτεινοτάτην.

∆ιά τούτων οὖν ἀνανεύουσα ἡ ψυχή καί τόν ἑαυτῆς ∆εσπότην ἐπιγινώσκουσα, τάς λοιπάς ἀρετάς ἄρχεται σπουδαίως καρποφορεῖν ἑαυτῇ καί Χριστῷ. Καί εἰκότως. Καταρδευομένη γάρ ἀεί καί πιαινομένη τοῖς δάκρυσι καί τό θυμικόν ἑαυτῆς ὅλως ἀποσβεννύουσα, πραεῖα μέν καί ἀκίνητος ὅλη πρός ὀργήν γίνεται, ἐπιθυμεῖ δέ καί ὀρέγεται πεινῶσα ὁμοῦ καί διψῶσα τά τοῦ Θεοῦ μαθεῖν δικαιώματα. Ἐν τούτοις δέ καί ἐλεήμων καί συμπαθής γίνεται, ὡς ἐκ πάντων τούτων καθαράν ἀποτελεῖσθαι