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a clear hope of resurrection was given, they imitated the future promise by a mortal resurrection, so that the name of the deceased might remain unfailing; since, therefore, those who are included in this genealogy, some succeeded father by son legitimately, while others were begotten by some, but were added to others by name, the memory of both has been preserved, both of those who begot and of those who were as if they had begotten. Thus neither of the gospels is in error, 1.7.4 numbering both nature and law; for the lines were intertwined with one another, both that from Solomon and that from Nathan, by resurrections for the childless and second marriages and the raising up of seed, so that the same men were justly considered at different times to be sons of different men, some being putative fathers, and others being the actual fathers; so that both narratives, being essentially true, have come down to Joseph in a complex but accurate manner. 1.7.5 But that what is said may be clear, I will relate the interchange of the generations. For those counting the generations from David through Solomon, the third from the end is found to be Matthan, who begot Jacob, the father of Joseph; but from Nathan, son of David, according to Luke, likewise the third from the end is Melchi; for Joseph was the son of Heli, the son of Melchi. Our subject being Joseph, then, 1.7.6 it must be shown how each is recorded as his father, both Jacob descended from Solomon and Heli descended from Nathan, each tracing his line, and how these men first, Jacob and Heli, were two brothers, and even before, how their fathers, Matthan and Melchi, being of different lines, appear as the grandfathers of Joseph. 1.7.7 And so both Matthan and Melchi, having successively taken the same woman to wife, begot brothers by the same mother, since the law did not forbid a widow, whether divorced or whose husband had died, 1.7.8 to be married to another; from Estha—for so the woman is said by tradition to have been called—first Matthan, who traced his descent from Solomon, begets Jacob; and when Matthan died, Melchi, who traced his descent back to Nathan, being of the same tribe but of another line, as I have said before, took her as a widow, and had a son, Heli. 1.7.9 Thus we shall find that Jacob and Heli, of two different lines, were uterine brothers, of whom the one, Jacob, when his brother Heli died childless, took his wife and begot from her a third son, Joseph, who was his son by nature and by reason, for which it is written: 'And Jacob begot Joseph'; but by law he was the son of Heli, for Jacob, being his brother, raised up seed for him. 1.7.10 Wherefore also the genealogy according to him will not be made void; which Matthew the evangelist, enumerating, says: 'And Jacob begot Joseph'; but Luke, on the other hand, 'who was, as was supposed'—for he adds this too—'the son of Joseph, the son of Heli, the son of Melchi'. For it was not possible to state the generation according to the law more distinctly, and he was silent on the word 'begot' in the case of such a begetting until the end, tracing the line back to 'Adam, of God' by analysis. Nor indeed is this unproven or fabricated. 1.7.11 For the relatives of the Savior according to the flesh, whether boasting or simply teaching, but in any case telling the truth, handed down these things also; how Idumean robbers, having attacked Ascalon, a city of Palestine, from a temple of Apollo, which was situated near the walls, carried off Antipater, the son of a certain Herod, a temple slave, as a captive along with other spoils, and since the priest was unable to pay a ransom for his son, Antipater was brought up in the customs of the Idumeans, and later became a friend to Hyrcanus the high priest of Judea; 1.7.12 and having served as an ambassador to Pompey on behalf of Hyrcanus and having freed for him the kingdom that was being cut short by his brother Aristobulus, he himself prospered, being appointed procurator of Palestine; and Antipater, assassinated out of envy for his great good fortune, is succeeded by his son Herod, who later by Antony and Augustus

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δέδοτο ἐλπὶς ἀναστάσεως σαφής, τὴν μέλλουσαν ἐπαγγελίαν ἀναστάσει ἐμιμοῦντο θνητῇ, ἵνα ἀνέκλειπτον τὸ 1.7.3 ὄνομα μείνῃ τοῦ μετηλλαχότος· ἐπεὶ οὖν οἱ τῇ γενεαλογίᾳ ταύτῃ ἐμφερόμενοι, οἳ μὲν διεδέξαντο παῖς πατέρα γνησίως, οἳ δὲ ἑτέροις μὲν ἐγεννήθησαν, ἑτέροις δὲ προσετέθησαν κλήσει, ἀμφοτέρων γέγονεν ἡ μνήμη, καὶ τῶν γεγεννηκότων καὶ τῶν ὡς γεγεννηκότων. οὕτως οὐδέτερον τῶν εὐαγγελίων ψεύδεται, 1.7.4 καὶ φύσιν ἀριθμοῦν καὶ νόμον· ἐπεπλάκη γὰρ ἀλλήλοις τὰ γένη, τό τε ἀπὸ τοῦ Σολομῶνος καὶ τὸ ἀπὸ τοῦ Ναθαν, ἀναστάσεσιν ἀτέκνων καὶ δευτερογαμίαις καὶ ἀναστάσει σπερμάτων, ὡς δικαίως τοὺς αὐτοὺς ἄλλοτε ἄλλων νομίζεσθαι, τῶν μὲν δοκούντων πατέρων, τῶν δὲ ὑπαρχόντων· ὡς ἀμφοτέρας τὰς διηγήσεις κυρίως ἀληθεῖς οὔσας ἐπὶ τὸν Ἰωσὴφ πολυπλόκως μέν, ἀλλ' 1.7.5 ἀκριβῶς κατελθεῖν. ἵνα δὲ σαφὲς ἦ τὸ λεγόμενον, τὴν ἐναλλαγὴν τῶν γενῶν διηγήσομαι. ἀπὸ τοῦ ∆αυὶδ διὰ Σολομῶνος τὰς γενεὰς καταριθμουμένοις τρίτος ἀπὸ τέλους εὑρίσκεται Ματθαν, ὃς ἐγέννησε τὸν Ἰακώβ, τοῦ Ἰωσὴφ τὸν πατέρα· ἀπὸ δὲ Ναθαν τοῦ ∆αυὶδ κατὰ Λουκᾶν ὁμοίως τρίτος ἀπὸ τέλους Μελχι· Ἰωσὴφ γὰρ υἱὸς Ἡλι τοῦ Μελχι. σκοποῦ τοίνυν ἡμῖν κειμένου τοῦ Ἰωσήφ, 1.7.6 ἀποδεικτέον πῶς ἑκάτερος αὐτοῦ πατὴρ ἱστορεῖται, ὅ τε Ἰακὼβ ὁ ἀπὸ Σολομῶνος καὶ Ἡλι ὁ ἀπὸ τοῦ Ναθαν ἑκάτερος κατάγοντες γένος, ὅπως τε πρότερον οὗτοι δή, ὅ τε Ἰακὼβ καὶ ὁ Ἡλι, δύο ἀδελφοί, καὶ πρό γε, πῶς οἱ τούτων πατέρες, Ματθαν καὶ Μελχι, διαφόρων ὄντες γενῶν, τοῦ Ἰωσὴφ ἀναφαίνονται πάπποι. 1.7.7 καὶ δὴ οὖν ὅ τε Ματθαν καὶ ὁ Μελχι, ἐν μέρει τὴν αὐτὴν ἀγαγόμενοι γυναῖκα, ὁμομητρίους ἀδελφοὺς ἐπαιδοποιήσαντο, τοῦ νόμου μὴ κωλύοντος χηρεύουσαν, ἤτοι ἀπολελυμένην ἢ καὶ τε1.7.8 λευτήσαντος τοῦ ἀνδρός, ἄλλῳ γαμεῖσθαι· ἐκ δὴ τῆς Ἐσθα τοῦτο γὰρ καλεῖσθαι τὴν γυναῖκα παραδέδοται πρῶτος Ματθαν, ὁ ἀπὸ τοῦ Σολομῶνος τὸ γένος κατάγων, τὸν Ἰακὼβ γεννᾷ, καὶ τελευτήσαντος τοῦ Ματθαν Μελχι, ὁ ἐπὶ τὸν Ναθαν κατὰ γένος ἀναφερόμενος, χηρεύουσαν, ἐκ μὲν τῆς αὐτῆς φυλῆς, ἐξ ἄλλου δὲ γένους ὤν, ὡς προεῖπον, ἀγαγόμενος αὐτήν, ἔσχεν υἱὸν τὸν 1.7.9 Ἡλι. οὕτω δὴ διαφόρων δύο γενῶν εὑρήσομεν τόν τε Ἰακὼβ καὶ τὸν Ἡλι ὁμομητρίους ἀδελφούς, ὧν ὁ ἕτερος, Ἰακώβ, ἀτέκνου τοῦ ἀδελφοῦ τελευτήσαντος Ἡλι, τὴν γυναῖκα παραλαβών, ἐγέννησεν ἐξ αὐτῆς τρίτον τὸν Ἰωσήφ, κατὰ φύσιν μὲν ἑαυτῷ καὶ κατὰ λόγον, δι' ὃ γέγραπται· «Ἰακὼβ δὲ ἐγέννησεν τὸν Ἰωσήφ», κατὰ νόμον δὲ τοῦ Ἡλι υἱὸς ἦν· ἐκείνῳ γὰρ ὁ 1.7.10 Ἰακὼβ, ἀδελφὸς ὤν, ἀνέστησεν σπέρμα. δι' ὅπερ οὐκ ἀκυρωθήσεται καὶ ἡ κατ' αὐτὸν γενεαλογία· ἣν Ματθαῖος μὲν ὁ εὐαγγελιστὴς ἐξαριθμούμενος· «Ἰακὼβ δέ» φησίν «ἐγέννησεν τὸν Ἰωσήφ», ὁ δὲ Λουκᾶς ἀνάπαλιν «ὃς ἦν, ὡς ἐνομίζετο καὶ γὰρ καὶ τοῦτο προστίθησιν τοῦ Ἰωσὴφ τοῦ Ἡλι τοῦ Μελχι». τὴν γὰρ κατὰ νόμον γένεσιν ἐπισημότερον οὐκ ἦν ἐξειπεῖν, καὶ τὸ «ἐγέννησεν» ἐπὶ τῆς τοιᾶσδε παιδοποιίας ἄχρι τέλους ἐσιώπησεν, τὴν ἀναφορὰν ποιησάμενος ἕως «τοῦ Ἀδὰμ τοῦ θεοῦ» κατ' ἀνάλυσιν. οὐδὲ μὴν ἀναπόδεικτον ἢ ἐσχεδιασμένον ἐστὶν 1.7.11 τοῦτο. τοῦ γοῦν σωτῆρος οἱ κατὰ σάρκα συγγενεῖς, εἴτ' οὖν φανητιῶντες εἴθ' ἁπλῶς ἐκδιδάσκοντες, πάντως δὲ ἀληθεύοντες, παρέδοσαν καὶ ταῦτα· ὡς Ἰδουμαῖοι λῃσταὶ Ἀσκάλωνι πόλει τῆς Παλαιστίνης ἐπελθόντες, ἐξ εἰδωλείου Ἀπόλλωνος, ὃ πρὸς τοῖς τείχεσιν ἵδρυτο, Ἀντίπατρον Ἡρῴδου τινὸς ἱεροδούλου παῖδα πρὸς τοῖς ἄλλοις σύλοις αἰχμάλωτον ἀπῆγον, τῷ δὲ λύτρα ὑπὲρ τοῦ υἱοῦ καταθέσθαι μὴ δύνασθαι τὸν ἱερέα ὁ Ἀντίπατρος τοῖς τῶν Ἰδουμαίων ἔθεσιν ἐντραφείς, ὕστερον Ὑρκανῷ φιλοῦται 1.7.12 τῷ τῆς Ἰουδαίας ἀρχιερεῖ· πρεσβεύσας δὲ πρὸς Πομπήιον ὑπὲρ τοῦ Ὑρκανοῦ καὶ τὴν βασιλείαν ἐλευθερώσας αὐτῷ ὑπὸ Ἀριστοβούλου τοῦ ἀδελφοῦ περικοπτομένην, αὐτὸς ηὐτύχησεν, ἐπιμελητὴς τῆς Παλαιστίνης χρηματίσας· διαδέχεται δὲ τὸν Ἀντίπατρον, φθόνῳ τῆς πολλῆς εὐτυχίας δολοφονηθέντα, υἱὸς Ἡρῴδης, ὃς ὕστερον ὑπ' Ἀντωνίου καὶ τοῦ Σεβαστοῦ