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of providence, as if recovering from some change of mind; which would be unworthy not only of God, but even of any ordinary man, having left so many to perish for so long a time, and only late, at the end of the ages, to take up the providence of a few. 4. Do you see to how many blasphemies they subject God, those who say that the lawgiver of the New is one, and of the Old another? All of which are resolved, if we grant that there is one God of both Covenants. For He will be found to be managing our affairs according to reason, then through the law, but now through grace, and not recently, nor newly, but from the beginning and from the first day having taken up our providence. But that we might more effectively shut their mouths, come, let us bring forth the very sayings, both prophets and apostles crying out that the lawgiver of the New and the Old is one. Therefore, let Jeremiah, who was sanctified from the womb, come into our midst, and let him show this very thing clearly, that the God of both Covenants is one and the same. What then does he say, proclaiming in the person of the lawgiver? I will make a new covenant with you, not according to the covenant which I made with your fathers. So that He who made the New with them is Himself the God who also gave the Old. Here he has also sufficiently silenced those from Paul of Samosata, who deny the pre-eternal existence of the Only-begotten. For if before the birth of Mary He was not, nor did He exist before He appeared in the flesh, how did He who did not exist legislate? and how did He say, I will make a new covenant with you, not according to the covenant which I made with your fathers? How did He make a covenant with their fathers, not existing, nor being, according to their argument? But against the Jews and the Paulianists who are sick with the Jewish disease, the testimony of the prophet is sufficient to stand; but that we may also silence the Manichaeans, let us bring forth the testimony from the New, since they have no regard for the Old, or rather, not even for the New; but even this, which they seem to honor, they insult no less than that one; in one way, by cutting out that of the Old, and by corrupting its trustworthiness. For not a small proof of the truth of the things contained in it was the proclamation beforehand of the prophecies in the Old, 51.285, which they, having turned away from, do not perceive that they have dishonored the apostles more than the prophets. In this one way, then, they insult the New, and again in a second way, by cutting out most of it. Nevertheless, even the power of the things contained in it is so great, that even from the very remnants it makes their wickedness easy to detect; for the cut-off members cry and shout, seeking harmony with their own members. 5. How then shall we prove that the lawgiver of the New and the Old is one? From these apostolic sayings left among them, which seem to contain an accusation of the law, but which especially commend it, and show it to be a divine oracle and coming from above. And this also came from the wisdom of the Spirit, so that those who accuse the law, having been enticed by the ready saying, might unwillingly and unknowingly accept the defense written on its behalf; so that, if they should wish to look to the truth, they might have the saying that leads them by the hand; but if they persist in unbelief, they might henceforth obtain no excuse, disbelieving even those things in which they seem to believe, against their own salvation. Where, then, does the New say that the lawgiver of itself and of the Old is one? In many places and elsewhere; but we for now are eager to bring into our midst that passage which is preserved even now among the Manichaeans. What then is this? Tell me, you who desire to be under the law, he says, do you not hear the law, that Abraham had two sons, one by the bondwoman, and one by the free woman? They heard the

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προνοίας, ὥσπερ ἔκ τινος μετανοίας ἀνενεγκών· ὅπερ οὐ Θεοῦ μόνον, ἀλλὰ καὶ ἀνθρώπου τοῦ τυχόντος ἀνάξιον ἂν εἴη, τοσούτους ἀφέντος ἀπολέσθαι ἐν τοσούτῳ χρόνῳ, ὀψέ ποτε ἐν ἐσχάτῳ τῶν καιρῶν τῆς τῶν ὀλίγων ἐπιλαβέσθαι προνοίας. δʹ. Ὁρᾷς ὅσαις τὸν Θεὸν ὑποβάλλουσι βλασφημίαις ἐκεῖνοι, ἕτερον μὲν τῆς Καινῆς, ἕτερον δὲ τῆς Παλαιᾶς λέγοντες εἶναι νομοθέτην; Ἅπερ ἅπαντα λύεται, ἂν ἕνα ἑκατέρας τῆς ∆ιαθήκης δῶμεν εἶναι Θεόν. Εὑρεθήσεται γὰρ κατὰ λόγον τὰ καθ' ἡμᾶς οἰκονομῶν, τότε μὲν διὰ τοῦ νόμου, νῦν δὲ διὰ τῆς χάριτος, καὶ οὐ προσφάτως, οὐδὲ νεωστὶ, ἀλλ' ἄνωθεν καὶ ἐκ πρώτης ἡμέρας τῆς ἡμετέρας ἐπειλημμένος προνοίας. Ἵνα δὲ μειζόνως αὐτῶν τὰ στόματα ἀποῤῥάψωμεν, φέρε, καὶ αὐτὰς τὰς ῥήσεις παραγάγωμεν, καὶ προφήτας, καὶ ἀποστόλους βοῶντας, ὅτι Καινῆς καὶ Παλαιᾶς εἷς ἐστιν ὁ νομοθέτης. Παρίτω τοίνυν εἰς μέσον ὁ ἐκ κοιλίας ἁγιασθεὶς Ἱερεμίας, καὶ αὐτὸ τοῦτο δεικνύτω σαφῶς ἕνα καὶ τὸν αὐτὸν ἑκατέρας ὄντα τῆς ∆ιαθήκης Θεόν. Τί οὖν οὗτός φησιν, ἐκ προσώπου τοῦ νομοθέτου κηρύττων; ∆ιαθήσομαι ὑμῖν διαθήκην καινὴν, οὐ κατὰ τὴν διαθήκην, ἣν διεθέμην τοῖς πατράσιν ὑμῶν. Ὥστε ὁ τὴν Καινὴν αὐτοῖς διαθέμενος, αὐτός ἐστιν ὁ καὶ τὴν Παλαιὰν δοὺς Θεός. Ἐνταῦθα καὶ τοὺς ἀπὸ Παύλου τοῦ Σαμοσατέως ἐπεστόμισεν ἱκανῶς, οἳ τὴν προαιώνιον ὕπαρξιν ἀναιροῦσι τοῦ Μονογενοῦς. Εἰ γὰρ πρὸ τοῦ τόκου τῆς Μαρίας οὐκ ἦν, οὐδὲ ὑπῆρχε πρὶν ἢ φανῆναι ἐν σαρκὶ, πῶς ἐνομοθέτει ὁ μὴ ὤν; πῶς δὲ ἔλεγε, ∆ιαθήσομαι ὑμῖν διαθήκην καινὴν, οὐ κατὰ τὴν διαθήκην, ἣν διεθέμην τοῖς πατράσιν ὑμῶν; πῶς διέθετο τοῖς πατράσιν αὐτῶν μὴ ὑπάρχων, μηδὲ ὢν, κατὰ τὸν ἐκείνων λόγον; Ἀλλὰ πρὸς Ἰουδαίους μὲν καὶ τοὺς τὰ Ἰουδαίων νοσοῦντας Παυλιανοὺς ἱκανὴ στῆναι ἡ τοῦ προφήτου μαρτυρία· ἵνα δὲ καὶ Μανιχαίους ἐπιστομίσωμεν, ἀπὸ τῆς Καινῆς τὴν μαρτυρίαν παραγάγωμεν, ἐπειδὴ τῆς Παλαιᾶς οὐδεὶς αὐτοῖς ἐστι λόγος, μᾶλλον δὲ οὐδὲ τῆς Καινῆς· ἀλλὰ καὶ ταύτην, ἣν δοκοῦσι τιμᾷν, οὐχ ἧττον ἐκείνης καθυβρίζουσιν· ἑνὶ μὲν τρόπῳ, τῷ τῆς Παλαιᾶς ἐκκόψαι, καὶ τὸ ἀξιόπιστον αὐτῆς λυμήνασθαι. Οὐ γὰρ μικρὰ τῶν ἐν αὐτῇ κειμένων τῆς ἀληθείας ἀπόδειξις, τῶν ἐν τῇ Παλαιᾶ 51.285 προφητειῶν ἡ προαναφώνησις ἦν, οὓς ἀποστραφέντες οὗτοι οὐκ αἰσθάνονται τῶν προφητῶν μᾶλλον τοὺς ἀποστόλους ἀτιμάσαντες. Ἑνὶ μὲν οὖν τρόπῳ τούτῳ τὴν Καινὴν καθυβρίζουσιν, ἑτέρῳ δὲ πάλιν δευτέρῳ, τῷ τὰ πλείονα αὐτῆς ἐκκόψαι. Πλὴν ἀλλὰ καὶ αὐτὴ τῶν ἐν τῇ αὐτῇ κειμένων ἡ δύναμις τοσαύτη, ὡς καὶ ἀπ' αὐτῶν τῶν λειψάνων εὐφώρατον αὐτῶν γενέσθαι ποιεῖ τὴν κακουργίαν· τὰ γὰρ ἀποκοπέντα μέλη κράζει καὶ βοᾷ, τὴν πρὸς τὰ οἰκεῖα μέλη συμφωνίαν ἐπιζητοῦντα. εʹ. Πῶς οὖν ἀποδείξομεν, ὅτι Καινῆς καὶ Παλαιᾶς εἷς ἐστιν ὁ νομοθέτης; Ἀπὸ τούτων τῶν παρ' αὐτοῖς ὑπολελειμμένων ῥημάτων τῶν ἀποστολικῶν, ἃ δοκεῖ μὲν ἔχειν τοῦ νόμου κατηγορίαν, συνίστησι δὲ αὐτὸν μάλιστα, καὶ δεικνύει θεῖον ὄντα χρησμὸν καὶ ἄνωθεν ἥκοντα. Καὶ τοῦτο δὲ τῆς τοῦ Πνεύματος ἐγένετο σοφίας, ὥστε τῇ προχείρῳ ῥήσει δελεασθέντας τοὺς τοῦ νόμου κατηγοροῦντας ἄκοντας καὶ ἀγνοοῦντας δέξασθαι τὴν ὑπὲρ αὐτοῦ γεγραμμένην ἀπολογίαν· ἵνα, ἂν μὲν θελήσωσι πρὸς τὴν ἀλήθειαν ἰδεῖν, ἔχωσι τὴν ῥῆσιν τὴν χειραγωγοῦσαν αὐτούς· ἂν δὲ ἐπιμένωσι τῇ ἀπιστίᾳ, μηδεμιᾶς συγγνώμης λοιπὸν τύχωσι, καὶ αὐτοῖς, οἷς δοκοῦσι πιστεύειν, ἀπιστοῦντες κατὰ τῆς ἑαυτῶν σωτηρίας. Ποῦ τοίνυν ἡ Καινὴ ἑαυτῆς καὶ τῆς Παλαιᾶς ἕνα τὸν νομοθέτην εἶναί φησι; Πολλαχοῦ μὲν καὶ ἀλλαχοῦ· ἡμεῖς δὲ ἐκείνην τέως σπουδάζομεν τὴν περικοπὴν εἰς μέσον ἀγαγεῖν, τὴν καὶ παρὰ τοῖς Μανιχαίοις σωζομένην ἔτι καὶ νῦν. Τίς οὖν ἐστιν αὕτη; Λέγετέ μοι, οἱ ὑπὸ νόμον θέλοντες εἶναι, φησὶ, τὸν νόμον οὐκ ἀκούετε, ὅτι Ἀβραὰμ δύο υἱοὺς ἔσχεν, ἕνα ἐκ τῆς παιδίσκης, καὶ ἕνα ἐκ τῆς ἐλευθέρας; Ἤκουσαν οἱ