11

introducing; at one time transferring them into irrational animals and beasts, at another time into fish, and plants, and dragging them down and slapping them away into certain other reincarnations and cycles. But Christ, being true and eternal God, having fashioned an immortal and ageless soul from the beginning by the divine Spirit and in-breathing, when He created the first man, as the divine and unimpeachable books of Moses declare, and when it had fallen with the body through disobedience and the deceit of the soul-destroying serpent, having come to earth and lived among us, and having shown us a way of salvation through baptism and His resurrection from the dead, He led it up from the depths of Hades to the heavens; and coming again to judge the living and the dead, He will raise up the bodies, and will join them to their own souls, and will render to each according to his works. 31. When the martyr had philosophized these things, the lawless apostate Julian said: “See, men of Rome and Greece, this polluted and sinful one, how much nonsense he has contrived against us from Greek learning? By the golden-gleaming and all-worldly sun most beloved to me, I will no longer tolerate the most godless race of Christians to be educated in Greek learning; for behold, this dog also, having partaken of the sacred education of letters, even if not in a straightforward and smooth manner, yet he has poured out much unpleasant foolish talk about the history of those sacred and philosophical men.” Having said these things, he orders the martyr to be handed over to the executioners, and to be scourged up to five hundred lashes. And they, having taken him, tortured him inhumanly with the whips; and the herald cried out: “Do the will of the emperor, cease from your foolish talk and you will be rid of those who punish you.” But the martyr endured being beaten, silent and uttering nothing at all. 32. And looking intently at Macarius, the martyr of Christ, he said to him: “What do you say about yourself, you wretched little man?” Macarius said: “You are wretched and more miserable than all men, you filthy and unclean dog; but I am truly blessed and thrice-blessed, according to my name, because confessing Christ I worship the Son of God, the living and pre-eternal One. But you have denied Him, having attached yourself to the devil and his angels, the destructive and unclean demons, who will send you, even against your will, to the eternal fire.” And the Transgressor: “I know that you long for death, and you hasten to move me to anger, so that I might destroy you more quickly; but it will not be for you as you yourself hoped, 96.1281 most impious one. But first answer this and teach me, what is it that has seemed good to you, O all-polluted ones, that having received no authority either from an emperor or from any of the rulers, and running about everywhere to everyone, you endeavor to overthrow the libations and sacrifices of the great gods, teaching men that these are not gods, nor are they saviors of the world, and providers and guardians of the human race, whom the custom of men, handed down from our fathers from ages past and from above, has delivered to be revered and worshipped; but Christ, who began to be yesterday, and not long before our generation, you proclaim pre-eternal God and king of all?” 33. And Macarius: “Were you not satisfied with the wise proofs of Eugenius, O most lawless one, that you always ask the same things about the same things? Nevertheless I will answer you the same things about the same things in like manner, because Christ whom you mock and slander with ridicule, thus commands. For he said to his holy disciples: ‘Go into all the world, make disciples of all the nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father, and

11

παρεισάγοντες· ποτὲ μὲν εἰς ἄλογα ζῶα καὶ θηρία ταύτας μετεμβιβάζοντες, ποτὲ δὲ εἰς ἰχθύας, καὶ φυτὰ, καὶ ἄλλας τινὰς ἐπανακυκλήσεις καὶ περιόδους κατασπῶντες αὐτὰς καὶ ἀποῤῥαπίζοντες. Ὁ δὲ Χριστὸς καθὸ Θεὸς ὑπάρχων ἀληθὴς καὶ αἰώνιος, ἀθάνατον ψυχὴν καὶ ἀγήρω κατασκευάσας τῷ ἀπ' ἀρχῆς Πνεύματι θείῳ καὶ ἐμφυσήματι, ὅτε τὸν πρῶτον ἐδημιούργησεν ἄνθρωπον, ὡς αἱ θεῖαι καὶ ἀδιάβλητοι τοῦ Μωϋσέως διαγορεύουσι βίβλοι, καὶ πεσοῦσαν μετὰ τοῦ σώματος διὰ τῆς παρακοῆς καὶ τῆς ἀπάτης τοῦ ψυχοφθόρου δράκοντος, ἐλθὼν ἐπὶ γῆς καὶ πολιτευσάμενος, καὶ ὑποδείξας ἡμῖν ὁδὸν σωτηρίας διὰ τοῦ βαπτίσματος καὶ τῆς ἐκ νεκρῶν αὐτοῦ ἀναστάσεως, ἐκ τῶν τοῦ ᾅδου πυθμένων εἰς οὐρανοὺς ταύτην ἐπανήγαγεν· καὶ πάλιν ἐρχόμενος κρῖναι ζῶντας καὶ νεκροὺς, ἐξαναστήσει τὰ σώματα, καὶ συνάψει ταῖς ἑαυτῶν ψυχαῖς, καὶ ἀποδώσει ἑκάστῳ κατὰ τὰ ἔργα αὐτοῦ. λαʹ. Ταῦτα τοῦ μάρτυρος φιλοσοφήσαντος, ὁ παράνομος καὶ ἀποστάτης ἔφη Ἰουλιανός· Ὁρᾶτε, ἄνδρες Ῥωμαῖοι καὶ Ἕλληνες, τουτονὶ τὸν παλαμναῖον καὶ ἀλιτήριον, πόσον ἐκ τῶν Ἑλληνικῶν μαθημάτων κατὰ τῆς ἡμετέρας ἐσχεδίασεν ὕθλον; Μὰ τὸν ἐμοὶ προσφιλέστατον ἥλιον τὸν χρυσαυγῆ καὶ παγκόσμιον, οὐκέτι ἀνέξομαι τοῖς Ἑλλήνων μαθήμασι τὸ Χριστιανῶν ἀθεώτατον ἐκπαιδεύεσθαι γένος· ἰδοὺ γὰρ τῆς ἱερᾶς τῶν λόγων παιδείας καὶ οὗτος ὁ κύων μεταλαβὼν, κἂν οὐκ ἐπ' εὐθείας καὶ ὁμαλοῦ, ἀλλ' ὅμως πολλήν τινα καὶ ἀτερπῆ περὶ τὴν ἱστορίαν μωρολογίαν κατέχεεν τῶν ἱερῶν ἐκείνων καὶ φιλοσόφων ἀνδρῶν. Ταῦτα εἰπὼν, κελεύει τὸν μάρτυρα τοῖς δημίοις παραδοθῆναι, καὶ μαστιγοῦν ἄχρι πεντακοσίων πληγῶν. Οἱ δὲ λαβόντες ᾔκιζον ἀπανθρώπως ταῖς μάστιξι· καὶ ὁ κήρυξ ἐβόα· Ποίησον τὸ τοῦ βασιλέως θέλημα, παῦσαι τῶν μωρολογιῶν καὶ ἀπαλλαγήσῃ τῶν κολαζόντων σε. Ὁ δὲ μάρτυς ἐκαρτέρει τυπτόμενος, σιωπῶν καὶ μηδὲν ὅλως φθεγγόμενος. λβʹ. Ἀτενίσας δὲ πρὸς τὸν τοῦ Χριστοῦ μάρτυρα Μακάριον, ἔφη πρὸς αὐτόν· Σὺ τί λέγεις περὶ σεαυτοῦ, ταλαίπωρον ἀνθρωπάριον; Μακάριος ἔφη· Σὺ εἶ ταλαίπωρος καὶ πάντων ἀνθρώπων ἀθλιώτερος, κύων ῥυπαρὲ καὶ ἀκάθαρτε· ἐγὼ δὲ τῷ ὄντι μακάριός εἰμι καὶ τρισμακάριστος, κατὰ τὴν προσωνυμίαν μου, ὅτι τὸν Χριστὸν ὁμολογῶν προσκυνῶ τὸν Θεοῦ Υἱὸν τὸν ζῶντα καὶ προαιώνιον. Αὐτὸς δὲ τοῦτον ἀπηρνήσω προσκολληθεὶς τῷ διαβόλῳ καὶ τοῖς ἀγγέλοις αὐτοῦ τοῖς ὀλεθρίοις τε καὶ ἀκαθάρτοις δαίμοσιν, οἵ σε καὶ οὐκ ἐθέλοντα τῷ αἰωνίῳ πυρὶ παραπέμψουσιν. Καὶ ὁ Παραβάτης· Οἶδα ὅτι θανατᾷς, καὶ πρὸς ὀργὴν κινῆσαί με σπεύδεις, ἵνα τάχειον ἐξαναλώσω σε· ἀλλ' οὐχ ὡς αὐτὸς ἤλπισας, 96.1281 οὕτως ἔσται σοι, ἀσεβέστατε. Τοῦτο δὲ πρῶτον ἀποκρίνου καὶ δίδασκε, τί τὸ δόξαν ὑμῖν, ὦ παμμίαροι, ὅτι μηδὲ μιᾶς τινος ἐξουσίας ἢ παρὰ βασιλέως ἢ παρά τινος τῶν ἀρχόντων μετειληφότες, παντί τε καὶ πανταχοῦ διατρέχοντες, τὰς τῶν μεγάλων θεῶν σπονδάς τε καὶ θυσίας ἀνατρέπειν σπουδάζετε, διδάσκοντες ἂν τοὺς ἀνθρώπους, τούτους μὴ εἶναι θεοὺς, μηδὲ σωτῆρας τῆς οἰκουμένης, καὶ τοῦ ἀνθρωπείου γένους προνοητάς τε καὶ κηδεμόνας τυγχάνοντας, οὓς ἡ ἀπ' αἰῶνος καὶ ἄνωθεν πατροπαράδοτος τῶν ἀνθρώπων συνήθεια, σέβειν τε καὶ προσκυνεῖν παραδέδωκεν· τὸν δὲ Χριστὸν χθὲς τοῦ εἶναι ἀρξάμενον, καὶ οὐ πρὸ πολλοῦ τῆς ἡμετέρας γενεᾶς, Θεὸν προαιώνιον καὶ βασιλέα τῶν ὅλων ἀνακηρύττετε; λγʹ. Καὶ ὁ Μακάριος· Οὐκ ἠρκέσθης ταῖς Εὐγενίου σοφαῖς ἀποδείξεσιν, ὦ παρανομώτατε, ὅτι τὰ αὐτὰ καὶ περὶ τῶν αὐτῶν ἀεὶ ἐρωτᾷς; Πλὴν ἐγώ σοι τὰ αὐτὰ καὶ περὶ τῶν αὐτῶν ὁμοτρόπως ἀποκριθήσομαι, ὅτι Χριστὸς ὃν σὺ χλευάζεις καὶ διασύρεις ἐπιγελῶν, οὕτως παρακελεύεται. Εἶπεν γὰρ πρὸς τοὺς ἱεροὺς αὐτοῦ μαθητάς· Πορευθέντες εἰς τὸν κόσμον ἅπαντα, μαθητεύσατε πάντα τὰ ἔθνη, βαπτίζοντες αὐτοὺς εἰς τὸ ὄνομα τοῦ Πατρὸς, καὶ