11

who made him has been naturally distinguished from the other animals, possessing no indication at all of a relative power toward them.

7. HOW THE WORLD IS CALLED MAN, AND IN WHAT WAY MAN ALSO,

WORLD 14__090 7. How the world is called man; and in what way man also, world. And again, in good imitation of this image, and the whole world which consists of

visible and invisible things, he posited to be a man; and again, the man, composed of soul and body, he posited to be a world. For he said that the intelligible things hold the place of a soul, just as the soul is of the intelligible things; and that the sensible things hold the form of a body, just as the body is of the sensible things. And that the intelligible things are the soul of the sensible things, and the sensible things are the body of the intelligible things. And as the soul is in the body, so the intelligible is in the sensible world; and the sensible to the intelligible, as a body is joined to the soul; and that from both there is one world, just as from soul and body there is one man, with neither of these things which have grown together in union with each other denying or rejecting the other, because of the law of the One who bound them, according to which the principle of the unitive power is sown, not allowing the identity of these in hypostasis in the union to be ignored, because of their natural otherness, nor for the property that defines each of these for itself to be more powerful for separation and division 14__092 than the friendly kinship mystically placed in them through union to be shown, according to which the one universal mode of the unseen and unknown presence in all things of the cohesive cause of beings, existing variously in all things, both in themselves and in each other, constitutes all things unconfused and undivided; and presents them as belonging more to each other than to themselves according to the unitive relation, until it shall please the One who bound them to release them for the sake of a greater and more mystical economy at the time of the hoped-for universal consummation, according to which the world also, as a man, will die to phenomena, and again will rise, new from having grown old, according to the resurrection expected at that time; when also the man that is us, as a part to the whole and small to the great, will be resurrected with the world, having received the power no longer to be able to be corrupted, when the body will become like the soul and the sensible things like the intelligible things in comeliness and glory, as one divine power appears to all in a clear and active presence, analogously to each, and through itself preserves the indissoluble bond of union for endless ages.

If then anyone wishes to have both a life and a word that is God-loving and God-pleasing, of these three men—I mean, of the world, and of Holy Scripture, and of the man that is us—let him make the better parts of much account and more honorable. Let him with all his power care for the soul, which is immortal and divine and will be deified through virtues, 14__094 and let him despise the flesh, which is subject to corruption and death and is able to defile the dignity of the soul when it is neglected. "For a corruptible body," he says, "weighs down the soul, and the earthly tent burdens the thoughtful mind." And again: "the flesh lusts against the spirit, and the spirit against the flesh." And again: "he who sows to his flesh will of the flesh reap corruption." And towards the incorporeal and intelligible powers let him move the contest in his mind through intellection, leaving aside present and visible things; "for the things which are seen are temporal," he says, "but the things which are not seen are eternal"; in which God rests on account of the abundance of their peaceful state. And towards the Holy Spirit, through mindful study of the Holy Scripture, having prudently surpassed the letter

11

ποιήσαντος αὐτὸν καὶ τῶν λοιπῶν ζώων φυσικῶς ἀποδιώρισται, μηδεμίαν πρὸς αὐτὰ σχετικῆς δυνάμεως τὴν οἱανοῦν ἔμφασιν ἔχων.

Ζ. ΠΩΣ Ο ΚΟΣΜΟΣ ΑΝΘΡΩΠΟΣ ΛΕΓΕΤΑΙ ΚΑΙ ΠΟΙΩ ΤΡΟΠΩ ΚΑΙ Ο ΑΝΘΡΩΠΟΣ,

ΚΟΣΜΟΣ 14__090 Ζ. Πῶς ὁ κόσμος ἄνθρωπος λέγεται· καὶ ποίῳ τρόπῳ καὶ ὁ ἄνθρωπος, κόσμος Κατὰ ταύτην δὲ πάλιν εὐμιμήτως τὴν εἰκόνα καὶ τὸν κόσμον ὅλον τὸν ἐξ

ὁρατῶν καὶ ἀοράτων συνιστάμενον, ἄνθρωπον ὑπέβαλλεν εἶναι· καὶ κόσμον αὖθις τὸν ἐκ ψυχῆς καὶ σώματος, ἄνθρωπον· ψυχῆς γὰρ λόγον ἐπέχειν ἔλεγε τὰ νοητά, ὥσπερ καὶ ἡ ψυχὴ τῶν νοητῶν· καὶ σώματος τύπον ἐπέχειν τὰ αἰσθητά, ὥσπερ καὶ τῶν αἰσθητῶν τὸ σῶμα. Καὶ ψυχὴν μὲν εἶναι τῶν αἰσθητῶν τὰ νοητά, σῶμα δὲ τῶν νοητῶν τὰ αἰσθητά. Καὶ ὡς ψυχὴν ἐνοῦσαν σώματι, τῷ αἰσθητῷ κόσμῳ τὸν νοητὸν εἶναι· καὶ τῷ νοητῷ τὸν αἰσθητόν, ὡς σῶμα τῇ ψυχῇ συγκροτούμενον· καὶ ἕνα ἐξ ἀμφοῖν εἶναι κόσμον, ὥσπερ καὶ ἐκ ψυχῆς καὶ σώματος ἄνθρωπον ἕνα, μηδ᾽ ἑτέρου τούτων τῶν ἀλλήλοις καθ᾽ ἕνωσιν συμπεφυκότων θάτερον ἀρνουμένου καὶ ἀποπέμποντος, διὰ τὸν τοῦ συνδήσαντος νόμον, καθ᾽ ὃν τῆς ἑνοποιοῦ δυνάμεως ὁ λόγος ἐνέσπαρται μὴ συγχωρῶν τὴν καθ᾽ ὑπόστασιν ἐπὶ τῇ ἑνώσει ταυτότητα τούτων ἀγνοηθῆναι, διὰ τὴν φυσικὴν ἑτερότητα, μηδ᾽ εἶναι δυνατωτέραν πρὸς διάστασίν τε καὶ μερισμὸν τὴν ἕκαστον τούτων ἑαυτῷ περιγράφουσαν ἰδιότητα 14__092 τῆς μυστικῶς καθ᾽ ἕνωσιν αὐτοῖς ἐντεθείσης φιλικῆς συγγενείας ἀποφανθῆναι, καθ᾽ ἣν ὁ καθ᾽ ὅλου καὶ εἷς τρόπος τῆς ἐν ὅλοις ἀφανοῦς καὶ ἀγνώστου παρουσίας τῆς τῶν ὄντων συνεκτικῆς αἰτίας ποικίλως πᾶσιν ἐνυπάρχων καὶ καθ᾽ ἑαυτὰ καὶ ἐν ἀλλήλοις τὰ ὅλα συνίστησιν ἄφυρτα καὶ ἀδιαίρετα· καὶ ἀλλήλων μᾶλλον ἢ ἑαυτῶν κατὰ τὴν ἑνοποιὸν σχέσιν ὄντα παρίστησι, μέχρις οὗ λῦσαι παραστῇ τῷ συνδήσαντι μείζονος ἕνεκα καὶ μυστικωτέρας οἰκονομίας κατὰ τὸν καιρὸν τῆς ἐλπιζομένης καθολικῆς συντελείας, καθ᾽ ἣν καὶ ὁ κόσμος, ὡς ἄνθρωπος, τῶν φαινομένων τεθνήξεται, καὶ πάλιν ἀναστήσεται νέος ἐκ γεγηρακότος, κατὰ τὴν παραυτίκα προσδοκωμένην ἀνάστασιν· ἡνίκα καὶ ὁ καθ᾽ ἡμᾶς ἄνθρωπος, ὡς μέρος τῷ ὅλῳ καὶ μικρὸς τῷ μεγάλῳ, συναναστήσεται κόσμῳ, τὴν πρὸς τὸ μηκέτι δύνασθαι φθείρεσθαι κομισάμενος δύναμιν, ὅταν ἐμφερῆ τῇ τε ψυχῇ τὸ σῶμα καὶ τοῖς νοητοῖς τὰ αἰσθητὰ κατ᾽ εὐπρέπειαν καὶ δόξαν γενήσεται, μιᾶς ὅλοις κατ᾽ ἐναργῆ τε καὶ ἐνεργὸν παρουσίαν ἀναλόγως ἑκάστῳ θείας ἐπιφαινομένης δυνάμεως, καὶ δι᾽ ἑαυτῆς τὸν τῆς ἑνώσεως ἄλυτον εἰς τοὺς ἀπείρους αἰῶνας συντηρούσης δεσμόν.

Εἴ τις οὖν βούλεται καὶ βίον καὶ λόγον θεοφιλῆ καὶ θεάρεστον ἔχειν, τῶν τριῶν τούτων ἀνθρώπωντοῦ κόσμου τέ φημι, καὶ τῆς ἁγίας Γραφῆς, καὶ τοῦ καθ᾽ ἡμᾶςτὰ κρείττω περὶ πολλοῦ ποιείτω καὶ τιμιώτερα. Ψυχῆς μὲν ὅση δύναμις ἐπιμελείσθω τῆς ἀθανάτου καὶ θείας καὶ θεοποιηθησομένης ἐξ ἀρετῶν, 14__094 καὶ σαρκὸς καταφρονείτω τῆς ὑποκειμένης φθορᾷ καὶ θανάτῳ καὶ τὸ τῆς ψυχῆς ἀμελούμενον ῥυπῶσαι δυναμένης ἀξίωμα. "Φθαρτὸν γὰρ σῶμα, φησί, βαρύνει ψυχήν, καὶ βρίθει τὸ γεῶδες σκῆνος νοῦν πολυφρόντιδα». Καὶ πάλιν· "ἡ σὰρξ ἐπιθυμεῖ κατὰ τοῦ πνεύματος· τὸ δὲ πνεῦμα κατὰ τῆς σαρκός». Καὶ αὖθις· "ὁ σπείρων εἰς τὴν σάρκα ἑαυτοῦ, ἐκ τῆς σαρκὸς θερίσει φθοράν». Πρὸς δὲ τὰς ἀσωμάτους καὶ νοερὰς δυνάμεις κατὰ νοῦν διὰ νοήσεως κινησάτω τὴν ἅμιλλαν, ἀφεὶς τὰ παρόντα καὶ βλεπόμενα· "τὰ γὰρ βλεπόμενα πρόσκαιρα, φησί, τὰ δὲ μὴ βλεπόμενα, αἰώνια»· αἷς διὰ τὸ πλῆθος τῆς κατ᾽ εἰρήνην ἕξεως ὁ Θεὸς ἐναναπαύεται. Καὶ πρὸς τὸ Πνεῦμα τὸ ἅγιον δι᾽ ἔμφρονος μελέτης τῆς ἁγίας Γραφῆς ὑπερβὰς τὸ γράμμα σωφρόνως