if a profane person approaches a holy one, he must be turned away according to the saying: "You shall not abhor an Edomite or an Egyptian". But in the case of Christ, who is superior to all evil and passion, one must not think such a thing; for he wants faith which justifies man, not the law in letters which commands sacrifices through blood, which he clarifies by adding, and "knowledge of God rather than burnt offerings; for mercy" is the evangelical word. Therefore we are justified by faith freely without the works of the law. And he calls not those who are near, but those who are far off. 106 Mt 9, 14-17 But the Pharisees, being like a torn garment or an old wineskin, are not able to receive the new teaching to the setting aside of the physical things of the law. And he says the tear is worse, because those who hear the gospel and do not accept it are punished more than those who have not heard. And since two of John's disciples asked the Lord: why do we and the Pharisees fast, but your disciples do not fast, to them he told the parable of the bridegroom, but to the Pharisees the one about the wineskins. 107 Mt 9, 20 -22 Christ, perceiving the woman with the issue of blood, did not disdain her, but healed her and called her daughter as one who was faithful, while also showing that before God no one who has an involuntary illness is unclean. 108 Mt 9, 20 -22 He shows that before God no one who has an involuntary illness is unclean. Therefore the Lord also calls to himself the woman with the issue of blood, in order to transform the typical law into a spiritual contemplation. 109 Mt 9, 23 It is a custom for people to mourn unmarried maidens who have died when they are at the age for marriage through symbolic weddings; therefore there were also flute-players inside, even if the Jews at that time were doing this contrary to the Jewish commandment. 111 Mt 9, 38 He calls the disciples laborers, whom, being few, he sent into all the world under heaven. 112 Mt 10, 2 These twelve disciples both the law prefigured and the prophets proclaimed beforehand. For it is written in the book of Moses: "and you shall take fine flour and make of it twelve loaves, and you shall set them upon the pure table before the Lord, and you shall put frankincense and salt"; for the bread which came down from heaven "and gives life to the world" is Christ himself, and in imitation of him the blessed disciples are also called loaves; for having become partakers of the one who nourishes us unto eternal life, they themselves also nourish through their own writings those who are "hungering and thirsting for righteousness." And just as the savior, being the "true light," called them light (for "you," he says, "are the light of the world"); so also he, being "the bread of life," granted to the disciples to be understood in the order of the loaves. And see for me the skillfulness of the law. For "you shall put," it says, upon the loaves "frankincense and salt." And the frankincense is a symbol of fragrance, but the salt of prudence and understanding. And both were present in the highest degree in the holy apostles; for their life was fragrant, and indeed they would say: "We are the aroma of Christ" to Christ. And in addition to this they were also most intelligent. Therefore they also heard: "You are the salt of the earth." And I hear the prophet David singing about them: "There is Benjamin, the youngest, in ecstasy, the rulers of Judah their leaders, the rulers of Zebulun, the rulers of Naphtali"; for from almost every tribe of Israel the wondrous disciples have been chosen and have become ecumenical lights holding forth the word of life, men who were craftsmen and seafarers and fishers, not having an abundance of approved words, but "unskilled" indeed "in speech," but rich "in knowledge." These God also revealed through the voice of Jeremiah, saying concerning Satan: "Woe to him who multiplies for himself
ἐὰν προσ τρέχῃ βέβηλος ἁγίῳ, δεῖ αὐτὸν ἀποστρέφεσθαι κατὰ τό· "οὐ βδελύξῃ Ἰδουμαῖον οὐδὲ Αἰγύπτιον". ἀλλ' ἐπὶ Χριστοῦ οὐδὲν τοιοῦτον δεῖ ἐννο εῖν τοῦ πάσης κακίας καὶ πάθους ἀνωτέρου· πίστιν γὰρ θέλει δικαιοῦ σαν τὸν ἄνθρωπον, οὐ τὸν ἐν γράμμασιν νόμον τὸν τὰς δι' αἱμάτων θυσίας ἐπιτάττοντα, ὅπερ σαφηνίζων ἐπάγει καὶ "ἐπίγνωσιν θεοῦ ἢ ὁλοκαυτώματα· ἔλεος" γάρ ἐστιν ὁ εὐαγγελικὸς λόγος. διὸ ἐκ πίστεως δικαιούμεθα δωρεὰν ἄνευ ἔργων νόμου. καλεῖ δὲ οὐ τοὺς ἐγγὺς ὄντας, ἀλλὰ τοὺς μακρὰν ἀφεστηκότας. 106 Mt 9, 14-17 Οἱ Φαρισαῖοι ἐοικότες δὲ ἱματίῳ κατερρωγότι ἢ ἀσκῷ παλαιῷ οὐ δύνανται τὴν νεάζουσαν δέξασθαι διδασκαλίαν εἰς ἀθέτησιν τῶν σω ματικῶν τοῦ νόμου. χεῖρον δέ φησιν τὸ σχίσμα, διότι οἱ ἀκούοντες τοῦ εὐαγγελίου καὶ μὴ καταδεχόμενοι πλείω τῶν μὴ ἀκουσάντων τιμωροῦν ται. ἐπειδὴ δὲ οἱ μαθηταὶ Ἰωάννου δύο ἠρώτησαν τὸν κύριον· διὰ τί ἡμεῖς καὶ οἱ Φαρισαῖοι νηστεύομεν, οἱ δὲ μαθηταί σου οὐ νηστεύουσιν, πρὸς μὲν αὐτοὺς τοῦ νυμφίου τὴν παραβολὴν εἶπε, πρὸς δὲ τοὺς Φαρισαίους τὴν περὶ τῶν ἀσκῶν. 107 Mt 9, 20 -22 Τῆς αἱμορροούσης αἰσθόμενος ὁ Χριστὸς οὐκ ἀπηξίωσεν αὐτήν, ἀλλ' ἐθεράπευσε καὶ θυγατέρα ἐκάλεσεν ὡς πιστήν, ἅμα δὲ καὶ δει κνύων, ὅτι οὐκ ἔστι παρὰ τῷ θεῷ ἀκάθαρτος ὁ ἔχων νόσον ἀκούσιον. 108 Mt 9, 20 -22 ∆είκνυσιν, ὅτι παρὰ θεῷ οὐδεὶς ἔχων ἀκούσιον νόσον ἀκάθαρτος. διὸ καὶ προσκαλεῖται τὴν αἱμορροοῦσαν ὁ κύριος, ἵνα τὸν τυπικὸν νόμον εἰς πνευματικὴν μεταγάγῃ θεωρίαν. 109 Mt 9, 23 Ἔθος τοῖς ἀνθρώποις τὰς ἀγάμους κόρας, ἡνίκα εἰσὶ πρὸς ὥραν γάμου, τελευτώσας θρηνεῖν διὰ τῶν συμβολικῶν γάμων· διὸ καὶ αὐληταὶ ἦσαν ἔσω, εἰ καὶ παρὰ τὸ πρόσταγμα τὸ Ἰουδαϊκὸν τότε ἐποίουν τοῦτο οἱ Ἰουδαῖοι. 111 Mt 9, 38 Τοὺς μαθητὰς λέγει ἐργάτας, οὓς ὀλίγους ὄντας ἔπεμψεν εἰς πᾶσαν τὴν ὑπ' οὐρανόν. 112 Mt 10, 2 Τούτους τοὺς δώδεκα μαθητὰς καὶ ὁ νόμος προανετύπου καὶ οἱ προφῆται προανεκήρυξαν. γέγραπται γοῦν ἐν Μωσαϊκῷ βιβλίῳ· "καὶ λήμ ψεσθε σεμίδαλιν καὶ ποιήσατε αὐτὴν δώδεκα ἄρτους, καὶ ἐπιθήσετε αὐτοὺς ἐπὶ τὴν τράπεζαν τὴν καθαρὰν ἔναντι κυρίου, καὶ ἐπιθήσετε λίβανον καὶ ἅλας"· ἄρτος μὲν γὰρ ὁ ἐξ οὐρανοῦ κατελθὼν "καὶ ζωὴν διδοὺς τῷ κόσμῳ" αὐτός ἐστιν ὁ Χριστός, κατὰ μίμησιν δὲ τὴν πρὸς αὐτὸν ἄρτοι κέκληνται καὶ οἱ μακάριοι μαθηταί· μέτοχοι γὰρ γεγονότες τοῦ τρέφοντος ἡμᾶς εἰς ζωὴν αἰώνιον τρέφουσιν καὶ αὐτοὶ διὰ τῶν οἰκείων συγγραμ μάτων τοὺς "πεινῶντας καὶ διψῶντας τὴν δικαιοσύνην". ὥσπερ δὲ "φῶς" ὑπάρχων "τὸ ἀληθινὸν" ὁ σωτὴρ φῶς ὠνόμασε αὐτούς ("ὑμεῖς" γάρ, φησίν, "ἐστὲ τὸ φῶς τοῦ κόσμου")· οὕτως αὐτὸς ὢν "ὁ ἄρτος τῆς ζωῆς" ἐχαρίσατο καὶ τοῖς μαθηταῖς τὸ ἐν τάξει νοεῖσθαι τῶν ἄρτων. καί μοι βλέπε τοῦ νόμου τὸ εὐτεχνές. "ἐπιθήσετε" γάρ, φησίν, ἐπὶ τοὺς ἄρτους "λίβανον καὶ ἅλας". καὶ ὁ μὲν λίβανος εὐωδίας ἐστὶ σύμβολον, οἱ δὲ ἅλες φρενῶν καὶ συνέσεως. ἐνυπῆρχον δὲ ἄκρως ἀμφότερα τοῖς ἁγίοις ἀποστόλοις· εὐώδης γὰρ ἦν ὁ βίος αὐτῶν καὶ γοῦν ἔφασκον· "Χριστοῦ εὐωδία ἐσμὲν" τῷ Χριστῷ. ἦσαν δὲ πρὸς τούτῳ καὶ πανσύνετοι. διὸ καὶ ἤκουσαν· "ὑμεῖς ἐστε τὸ ἅλας τῆς γῆς". ἀκούω δὲ τοῦ προφήτου ∆αβὶδ ψάλλοντος περὶ αὐτῶν· "ἐκεῖ Βενιαμὶν νεώτερος ἐν ἐκστάσει, ἄρχοντες Ἰούδα ἡγεμόνες αὐτῶν, ἄρχοντες Ζαβουλών, ἄρχοντες Νεφθαλείμ"· σχεδὸν γὰρ ἐξ ἁπάσης φυλῆς τῆς ἐξ Ἰσραὴλ ἀπόλεκτοι γεγόνασιν οἱ θεσπέσιοι μαθηταὶ καὶ φωστῆρες γεγόνασιν οἰκουμενικοὶ λόγον ἐπίσχον τες ζωῆς, ἄνθρωποι χειροτέχναι γεγονότες καὶ θαλασσουργοὶ καὶ ἰχθυο θῆραι, οὐ λέξεων ἔχοντες εὐπορίαν δεδοκιμασμένων, ἀλλ' "ἰδιῶται" μὲν "τῷ λόγῳ", πλούσιοι δὲ "τῇ γνώσει". τούτους ἐδήλου ὁ θεὸς καὶ διὰ φωνῆς Ἰερεμίου λέγων περὶ τοῦ σατανᾶ· "οὐαὶ ὁ πληθύνων αὐτῷ