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Grievous things, and real ones, are these most of all: poverty, and sickness, and loss of children, and the rising up of enemies, and the ungratefulness of friends, and famine, and perpetual pains of the flesh, and revilings, and slanders, and to acquire an evil reputation; and all these things were poured out into one body, and were scattered upon one soul, and what is indeed more difficult, is that it attacked him when he was unpracticed. What I mean is this: The one born of the poor, and raised in such a house, since he has been trained and practiced, would easily bear the weight of poverty; but the one surrounded by so much money, and boasting in so much wealth, then suddenly falling into the opposite state, would not easily endure the change; for to one who is untrained, it appears more difficult, falling on him suddenly. Again, the obscure man, born of obscure parents, and living in perpetual contempt, would not be greatly disturbed being reviled and insulted. But he who has enjoyed so much glory, and been attended by all as a bodyguard, and was in the mouths of all, and everywhere proclaimed with great distinction, being brought down to dishonor and insignificance, would suffer the same as the one who suddenly became poor from being rich. He who has lost children, again, even if he loses all of them, but not at one time, has those who remain as a comfort for those who have departed; and after the death of the first, the suffering having ceased, if that of the second happens after a time, this suffering becomes more gentle for him; for it does not come upon a fresh wound, but upon one already healed and vanished, which cuts away no small part of the pain. But this man saw the entire band of them snatched away from him in a single moment of time, and by a most bitter manner of death; for the death was both violent and untimely. And the time, and the place, made no small addition to the grief; for it was in the hour of a banquet, and in the house opened to guests, that the house became their tomb. And what is more wondrous, that he endured all these things at once, which makes 64.540 the hardships double and triple; when the one struggling has not even the comfort of a respite, but through the continuity of the assault, the confusion becomes greater, and the disturbance more intense, which is what happened in his case; for the loss of the sheep, and the burning, was succeeded by the seizure of the oxen; and this, by the carrying off of the donkeys, and this, by the capture of the camels, and the slaughter of the servants; and this, by the loss of the children, and that dreadful and strange death, and that most dreadful tomb, being at once both death and tomb. And the table, where now we feast, now received their mangled bodies; and the bowls and the cups, with the wine, receiving the blood, and the dismembered limbs. Consider the magnitude of the calamity, and that strange shipwreck, and the foreign and paradoxical tragedy. For another might perhaps have lost one son, or a second, or a third, but this one, so many sons and so many daughters, piteously, and he who had many children suddenly became childless; and his heart was not consumed little by little, but all the fruit was snatched away at once; and not by the common law of nature, nor having come to old age, but by an untimely and violent death, and all at once, and he not even being present, nor sitting beside them, so that having heard their last words, he might have some comfort for so bitter an end. But beyond all hope, and with him knowing nothing of what was happening, they were all buried at once, and the house became their tomb and their trap. It was not only an untimely death, but also many things with it were grievous, such as that they were all in their prime, that all were virtuous, that they were loving, that they were all together, that they were of both sexes, that not even one was left behind, that it was not by the common law of nature, that it was after so great a loss, that he suffered these things, conscious of no evil in himself, nor in them. For each of these things is sufficient, even by itself,

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λυπηρὰ, καὶ ὄντα, ταῦτα μάλιστα πάντων ἐστὶ, πενία, καὶ νόσος, καὶ παίδων ἀποβολὴ, καὶ ἐχθρῶν ἐπανάστασις, καὶ φίλων ἀγνωμοσύνη, καὶ λιμὸς, καὶ σαρκὸς ὀδύναι διηνεκεῖς, καὶ λοιδορίαι, καὶ συκοφαντίαι, καὶ τὸ πονηρὰν κτήσασθαι ὑπόληψιν· καὶ ταῦτα ἅπαντα εἰς ἓν ἐξεχύθη σῶμα, καὶ μιᾶς κατεσκεδάσθη ψυχῆς, καὶ τὸ δὴ χαλεπώτερον, ὅτι καὶ ἀμελετήτῳ ὄντι ἐπέθετο. Ὃ δὲ λέγω, τοιοῦτόν ἐστιν· Ὁ ἐκ πενήτων τεχθεὶς, καὶ ἐν οἰκίᾳ τοιαύτῃ τραφεὶς, ἅτε γυμνασάμενος καὶ μελετήσας, ῥᾳδίως ἂν ἐνέγκοι τῆς πενίας τὸ βάρος· ὁ δὲ τοσούτοις περιῤῥεόμενος χρήμασι, καὶ τοσούτῳ πλούτῳ κομῶν, εἶτα ἀθρόον εἰς τὸ ἐναντίον μεταπεσὼν, οὐκ ἂν εὐκόλως ὑπομείνῃ τὴν μεταβολήν· καὶ γὰρ ἀγυμνάστῳ ὄντι χαλεπωτέρα φαίνεται, ἀθρόον προσπεσοῦσα, Πάλιν, ὁ ἄσημος, καὶ ἐξ ἀσήμων γενόμενος, καὶ ἐν τῷ διηνεκῶς καταφρονεῖσθαι ζῶν, οὐκ ἂν σφόδρα λοιδορούμενος καὶ ὑβριζόμενος ταραχθείη. Ὁ δὲ τοσαύτης ἀπολαύσας δόξης, καὶ παρὰ πάντων δορυφορούμενος, καὶ ἐν τοῖς ἁπάντων στόμασιν ὢν, καὶ πανταχοῦ μετὰ πολλῆς ἀνακηρυττόμενος τῆς περιφανείας, εἰς ἀτιμίαν καὶ εὐτέλειαν κατενεχθεὶς, τὸ αὐτὸ ἂν πάθοι τῷ ἀπὸ πλουσίου ἀθρόον γενομένῳ πένητι. Ὁ παῖδας ἀποβαλὼν, πάλιν, κἂν ἅπαντας ἀποβάλῃ, μὴ ἐν ἑνὶ δὲ καιρῷ, τοὺς λειπομένους ἔχει τῶν ἀπελθόντων παραμύθιον· καὶ τῆς ἐπὶ τῷ προτέρῳ τελευτῆς, τοῦ πάθους λήξαντος, ἂν ἡ τοῦ δευτέρου γένηται μετὰ χρόνον, τοῦτο αὐτῷ προσηνέστερον γίνεται τὸ πάθος· οὐ γὰρ νεαρῷ ὄντι ἔπεισι τῷ ἕλκει, ἀλλὰ κοιμηθέντι ἤδη, καὶ ἀφανισθέντι, ὅπερ οὐκ ὀλίγον ὑποτέμνεται τῆς ὀδύνης. Οὗτος δὲ, ὁλόκληρον αὐτῷ τὸν χορὸν εἶδεν ἐν μιᾷ ἀναρπασθέντα καιροῦ ῥοπῇ, καὶ τρόπῳ πικροτάτῳ τελευτῆς· καὶ γὰρ βίαιος, καὶ ἄωρος ὁ θάνατος ἦν. Καὶ ὁ καιρὸς δὲ, καὶ ὁ τόπος, οὐ μικρὰν ἐποιεῖτο τῷ πένθει προσθήκην· καὶ γὰρ ἐν ὥρᾳ συμποσίου, καὶ ἐν οἰκίᾳ τῇ τοῖς ξένοις ἀνεῳγμένῃ, καὶ τάφος αὐτοῖς ὁ οἶκος ἐγένετο. Καὶ τὸ δὴ θαυμαστότερον, ὅτι ὁμοῦ ταῦτα πάντα ὑπήνεγκεν, ὅπερ διπλασίονα καὶ τριπλασίονα ποιεῖ 64.540 τὰ χαλεπά· ὅταν μηδὲ τὴν ἐκ τῆς ἀνακωχῆς ἔχει παραμυθίαν ὁ ἀγωνιζόμενος, ἀλλὰ τῇ συνεχείᾳ τῆς ἐπαγωγῆς, πλείων ὁ θόρυβος γίνεται, καὶ μείζων ἡ ταραχὴ, ὅπερ ἐπὶ τούτου συνέβη· τὴν μὲν γὰρ τῶν προβάτων ἀπώλειαν, καὶ τὸν ἐμπρησμὸν, διεδέχετο ἡ τῶν βοῶν ἁρπαγή· καὶ τὴν τούτων, ἡ τῶν ὄνων ἀφαίρεσις, καὶ ταύτην, ἡ τῶν καμήλων αἰχμαλωσία, καὶ τῶν οἰκετῶν ἡ σφαγή· καὶ ταύτην, ἡ τῶν παίδων ἀπώλεια, καὶ ὁ φρικτὸς ἐκεῖνος, καὶ καινὸς θάνατος, καὶ ὁ φρικωδέστατος τάφος, ὁ αὐτὸς ὁμοῦ καὶ θάνατος, καὶ τάφος γενόμενος. Καὶ ἡ τράπεζα, ἡ νῦν μὲν ἑστιώμεθα, νῦν δὲ κατακοπέντα δεξαμένη τὰ σώματα· καὶ φιάλαι καὶ τὰ ποτήρια, μετὰ τοῦ οἴνου, τὸ αἷμα ὑποδεχόμενα, καὶ κατακεκομμένα μέλη. Λόγισται τὸ μέγεθος τῆς συμφορᾶς, καὶ τὸ καινὸν ἐκεῖνο ναυάγιον, καὶ τὴν ξένην καὶ παράδοξον τραγῳδίαν. Ἄλλως μὲν γὰρ ἴσως ἔνα υἱὸν ἀπώλεσεν, ἢ δεύτερον, ἢ τρίτον, ἐλεεινῶς δὲ τοσούτους, καὶ τοσαύτας, καὶ ὁ πολύπαις, ἐξαίφνης ἄπαις ἐγένετο· καὶ οὐδὲ κατὰ μικρὸν αὐτῷ τὰ σπλάγχνα ἀνηλίσκετο, ἀλλ' ἀθρόον ἅπας ὁ καρπὸς ἀνηρπάζετο· καὶ οὐδὲ τῷ κοινῷ τῆς φύσεως νόμῳ, οὐδὲ εἰς γῆρας ἐλθόντες, ἀλλὰ καὶ ἀώρῳ καὶ βιαίῳ θανάτῳ, καὶ πάντες ὁμοῦ, καὶ οὐδὲ παρόντος, οὐδὲ παρακαθημένου, ἵνα κἂν ἐσχάτων ἀκούσας ῥημάτων, ἔχῃ τινὰ παραμυθίαν τῆς οὕτω πικρᾶς τελευτῆς. Ἀλλὰ παρ' ἐλπίδα πᾶσαν, καὶ μηδὲν τῶν γινομένων εἰδότος, ἀθρόον ἅπαντες κατεχώννυντο, καὶ ἡ οἰκία τάφος αὐτοῖς ἐγένετο καὶ παγίς. Οὐκ ἄωρος δὲ θάνατος μόνον, ἀλλὰ καὶ πολλὰ, μετὰ τούτου, ἦν λυποῦντα, οἷον τὸ, ἐν ἀκμῇ πάντας εἶναι, τὸ, ἐναρέτους πάντας, τὸ, φιλικοὺς, τὸ, πάντας ὁμοῦ, τὸ, τῆς φύσεως ἑκατέρας, τὸ, μηδὲ ἕνα ὑπολειφθῆναι, τὸ, μὴ τῷ κοινῷ νόμῳ τῆς φύσεως, τὸ, μετὰ τοσαύτην ζημίαν, τὸ, μηδὲν ἑαυτῷ συνειδότα πονηρὸν, μηδὲ ἐκείνοις, ταῦτα παθεῖν. Τούτων γὰρ ἕκαστον ἱκανὸν μὲν, καὶ καθ' ἑαυτὸ,