you have received, or rather through which you have abundantly enjoyed the benefaction, through those things it was necessary, if you are ungrateful, to expect a more severe and indubitable punishment; for just as, whenever the one freed from a demon relapses and becomes soft and lives idly, not remembering the affliction and securing himself and giving thanks through works to the benefactor, just as, then, that one through what he did rather gave boldness to the unclean spirits and delivered himself whole as a captive to his enemies, so also you, having enjoyed countless good things and having been freed from unspeakable evils both now and in the past, if you do not repent and correct yourselves and do not cease giving thanks for the benefactions, you will draw upon yourselves many times more and much more dreadful evils; for thus he says it will be for this generation, just as for that man who was freed from the unclean spirit, but by his own negligence of life and ungratefulness of mind drew it back upon himself more bitterly and with more besides, and pulled it in. 52 Mt 12, 46 50 He who teaches to put the salvation of the soul before all other things and commands that neither father nor mother nor brother be placed before it, nor even the whole world itself, now through these very actions demonstrates and does this very thing for our instruction; for since, while he was teaching the crowds and working for their spiritual benefit, his mother and his brothers arrived, calling him to them, and he did not turn nor did he obey nor did he leave the teaching and prefer his mother to the salvation of the many, teaching from this that whenever one is occupied with any spiritual salvation, it is fitting to accomplish this diligently and without distraction, not being divided by other cares, not even if it is a mother or anyone else of the closest family who is pulling and calling one to them from there. Having taught us by word to put piety first, which is the beginning of all virtues, and to prefer neither father nor mother to it, the savior now confirms through actions what he spoke; for since when he was diligently teaching the crowds, his mother and his brothers arrived, he did not obey, not despising his mother, but so that he might not seem to neglect those being taught and cut short the teaching; and he did not prefer his mother to the benefit of the many. 55 Mt 13, 3 7 Of the commandments of Christ, some heard carelessly like those by the wayside; others diligently, but not firmly, like those on the rock; and others diligently and firmly, but having an oversowing of thorns and tares, were later choked by these. But these differ, because some received the oversowing while sleeping, while others, even at the time of the good seed, had shoots of the offshoots growing in them; and others both heard diligently and received firmly as far as knowledge, and neither before nor after did they admit an oversowing of tares, but they showed a life unworthy of the preaching, whom he also calls rotten as rotting in the mire of pleasures. All these are disowned from the kingdom, and in addition to these are those who did not even endure to hear, but also mock the teaching, and those who rise up against it, such as were the hardened of the Jews, and these the scribes and those who feigned the priesthood. There are therefore seven ways of perdition; wherefore it is also wide and spacious . Of the commandments of Christ, some heard carelessly; these are they who are situated by the wayside; others diligently, but not firmly, as many as are by the rock; and others diligently and firmly, but having an oversowing of thorns and tares, who also were choked by the cares of life. 56 Mt 13, 4 9 Who is the sower? Christ himself; whence did he come out? from his hidden and unseen comprehension; how, having come out from there? by the putting on and appropriation of the flesh, in which he has been known and comprehended as much as it is possible for a man to know and comprehend; so that what might happen? so that he might sow the word of teaching throughout the world and save the
εἰλήφατε, μᾶλλον δὲ δι' ὧν τῆς εὐεργεσίας ἀφθόνως ἀπηλαύσατε, δι' ἐκείνων ἐχρῆν τὴν τιμωρίαν σφοδροτέραν, ἂν ἀγνωμονῆτε, καὶ ἀναμφίβολον ἀπεκδέχεσθαι· ὥσπερ γάρ, ἐπειδὰν ὁ δαίμονος ἀπαλλαγεὶς ἀναπέσῃ καὶ καταμαλακισθῇ καὶ ῥᾳθύμως βιοτεύῃ μὴ μνημονεύων τοῦ πάθους καὶ ἀσφαλιζόμενος ἑαυτὸν καὶ εὐχαριστῶν δι' ἔργων τῷ εὐεργέτῃ, ὥσπερ οὖν ἐκεῖνος δι' ὧν ἔπραξεν παρρησίαν μᾶλλον τοῖς ἀκαθάρτοις πνεύμασιν ἐδωρήσατο καὶ αἰχμάλωτον ἑαυτὸν ὅλον τοῖς ἐχθροῖς ἐνεχείρισεν, οὕτως καὶ ὑμεῖς μυρίων ἀπολαύσαντες ἀγαθῶν καὶ ἀφάτων ἀπαλλαγέντες κακῶν καὶ νῦν καὶ πάλαι, ἐὰν μὴ μεταγνῶτε καὶ διορθώσησθε καὶ ὑπὲρ τῶν εὐεργεσιῶν εὐχαριστοῦντες μὴ διαλιμπάνητε, πολλαπλάσια ἑαυτοῖς καὶ πολλῷ φρικωδέστερα τὰ κακὰ ἐπισπάσεσθε· οὕτως γάρ φησιν ἔσται τῇ γενεᾷ ταύτῃ, ὥσπερ τῷ ἀνθρώπῳ ἐκείνῳ τῷ ἀπαλλαγέντι μὲν τοῦ ἀκαθάρτου πνεύματος, οἰκείᾳ δὲ βίου ἀμελείᾳ καὶ ἀχαριστίᾳ γνώμης εἰς ἑαυτὸν πάλιν πικρότερον καὶ μετὰ πλειόνων ἐπισπασαμένῳ καὶ ἐφελκύσαντι. 52 Mt 12, 46 50 Ὁ τὴν σωτηρίαν τῆς ψυχῆς τῶν ἄλλων ἁπάντων προτιθέναι διδάσκων καὶ μήτε πατέρα μήτε μητέρα μήτε ἀδελφὸν ἐπίπροσθε ταύτης εἶναι κελεύων, μήτε δὲ αὐτὸν συμπάντα τὸν κόσμον, νῦν διὰ τῶν ἔργων αὐτῶν εἰς ἡμετέραν διδασκαλίαν τοῦτο αὐτὸ ἐνδείκνυται καὶ ποιεῖ· ἐπεὶ γὰρ διδάσκοντος αὐτοῦ τοὺς ὄχλους καὶ τὴν ψυχικὴν αὐτῶν ὠφέλειαν πραγματευομένου ἐπέστη ἡ μήτηρ καὶ οἱ ἀδελφοὶ μετακαλουμένη πρὸς ἑαυτήν, καὶ οὐκ ἐπεστράφη οὐδὲ ὑπήκουσεν οὐδὲ καταλιπὼν τὴν διδασκαλίαν προυτίμησεν τὴν μητέρα τῆς τῶν πολλῶν σωτηρίας, διδάσκων ἐντεῦθεν ὡς ἐπειδάν τινι σωτηρίᾳ ψυχικῇ πραγματεύηται, ἐπιμελῶς ταύτην προσήκει καὶ ἀπερισπάστως ἐπιτελεῖν μὴ καταμεριζόμενον πρὸς ἑτέρας φροντίδας μηδ' ἂν μήτηρ ἤ τις ἄλλος τοῦ ἐγγυτάτω γένους ᾖ ὁ πρὸς ἑαυτὸν ἐκεῖθεν μεθέλκων καὶ μετακαλούμενος. ∆ιδάξας ἡμᾶς ὁ σωτὴρ διὰ λόγου προτιθέναι τὴν εὐσέβειαν, ἥτις ἐστὶν ἀρχὴ πασῶν ἀρετῶν, καὶ μήτε πατέρα μήτε μητέρα προτιμᾶν αὐτῆς νῦν διὰ τῶν ἔργων ἐπιβεβαιοῖ, ἅπερ ἐφθέγξατο· ἐπεὶ γὰρ ὅτε τοὺς ὄχλους ἐπιμελῶς ἐδίδασκε, τότε ἐπέστησαν ἥ τε μήτηρ καὶ οἱ ἀδελφοί, οὐχ ὑπήκουσεν, οὐ καταφρονῶν τῆς μητρός, ἀλλ' ἵνα μὴ ἀμελεῖν δόξῃ τῶν διδασκομένων καὶ περικόψῃ τὴν διδασκαλίαν· καὶ οὐ προτετίμηκε τὴν μητέρα τῆς τῶν πολλῶν ὠφελείας. 55 Mt 13, 3 7 Τῶν ἐντολῶν τοῦ Χριστοῦ οἱ μὲν ἤκουσαν ἀμελῶς ὡς οἱ παρὰ τὴν ὁδόν· οἱ δὲ ἐπιμελῶς μέν, οὐ βεβαίως δέ, ὡς οἱ παρὰ τὴν πέτραν· οἱ δὲ ἐπιμελῶς μὲν καὶ βεβαίως, ἔχοντες δὲ ἐπισπορὰν ἀκανθῶν καὶ ζιζανίων ὕστερον τούτοις ἐναπεπνίγησαν. διαφέρουσι δὲ οὗτοι, ὅτι οἱ μὲν καθεύδοντες ἐδέξαντο τὴν ἐπισποράν, οἱ δὲ καὶ κατὰ τὸν καιρὸν τοῦ καλοῦ σπέρματος καὶ τὰ τῶν παραφυάδων ἐν ἑαυτοῖς μοσχεύοντες εἶχον· ἄλλοι δὲ ἐπιμελῶς τε ἤκουσαν καὶ βεβαίως ὅσον εἰς γνῶσιν ἐδέξαντο καὶ οὔτε πρότερον οὔτε ὕστερον ἐπισπορὰν ζιζανίων παρεδέξαντο, βίον δὲ τοῦ κηρύγματος ἀνάξιον ἐπεδείξαντο, οὓς καὶ σαπροὺς ὀνομάζει ὡς ἐνα ποσήποντας τῶν ἡδονῶν τῷ βορβόρῳ. οὗτοι μὲν πάντες ἀποκηρύττονται τῆς βασιλείας καὶ πρὸς τούτοις οἱ μηδ' ἀκοῦσαι ἀνασχόμενοι, ἀλλὰ καὶ καταγελῶντες τῆς διδασκαλίας, οἱ δὲ καὶ κατεξανιστάμενοι, ὁποῖοι οἱ πεπωρωμένοι τῶν Ἰουδαίων ἐτύγχανον, καὶ τοῦτο οἱ γραμματεῖς καὶ τὴν ἱερωσύνην ὑποδυόμενοι. ζʹ οὖν αἱ τῆς ἀπωλείας ὁδοί· διὸ καὶ πλατεῖά ἐστιν καὶ εὐρύχωρος . Τῶν ἐντολῶν τοῦ Χριστοῦ οἱ μὲν ἤκουσαν ἀμελῶς· οὗτοί εἰσιν οἱ παρὰ τὴν ὁδὸν κείμενοι· οἱ δὲ ἐπιμελῶς μέν, οὐ βεβαίως δέ, ὅσοι παρὰ τὴν πέτραν· οἱ δὲ ἐπιμελῶς μὲν καὶ βεβαίως, ἔχοντες δὲ ἐπισπορὰν ἀκανθῶν καὶ ζιζανίων, οἵτινες καὶ ἀπεπνίγησαν ταῖς βιωτικαῖς φροντίσιν. 56 Mt 13, 4 9 Τίς ἐστιν ὁ σπείρων; αὐτὸς ὁ Χριστός· πόθεν ἐξῆλθεν; τῆς κρυφίας αὐτοῦ καὶ ἀθεάτου καταλήψεως· πῶς ἐξελθὼν ἐκεῖθεν; τῇ περιβολῇ καὶ οἰκειώσει τῆς σαρκός, ἐν ᾗ ἔγνωσται καὶ κατείληπται ὅσον ἀνθρώπῳ γνῶναι καὶ καταλαβεῖν δυνατόν· ἵνα τί γένηται; ἵνα τὸν τῆς διδασκαλίας λόγον κατασπείρῃ τῇ οἰκουμένῃ καὶ σώσῃ τὸ