14

both from the fleet and from the soldiers of the king. And our state was at peace for a very long time, with our lady and ever-virgin Mary the Theotokos leading as general and protecting this city, whose immaculate and holy icon Suleiman himself revered and was put to shame and fell from his horse. 22 From the Chronograph of the blessed Theophanes, concerning the same things and concerning Mauias and his lineage, how he crossed over into Spain. Justinian the Rhinotmetos, emperor of the Romans. This is the beginning of his reign, and after these things he was cast out by Leontius, and again he came back in, having cast out Leontius and Apsimar, and having triumphed over them both in the hippodrome and killed them. In this year Abimelech sends to Justinian to confirm the peace thus, that the emperor should remove the regiment of the Mardaïtes from Lebanon and prevent their raids, and Abimelech would give to the Romans each day one thousand nomismata and one well-bred horse and one Ethiopian slave, and that they should have in common and equally the tributes of Cyprus and Armenia and Iberia. And the emperor sent Paul the magistrianos to Abimelech to secure the agreements, and a written guarantee was made with witnesses. And the magistrianos, having been honored, returned. And the emperor sent and received the 12,000 Mardaïtes, having crippled the Roman dominion. For all the frontier cities now inhabited by the Arabs, from Mopsuestia and as far as Fourth Armenia, happened to be weak and uninhabited because of the assault of the Mardaïtes, and with their removal, Romanía has suffered all manner of dreadful evils from the Arabs until now. In the same year the emperor, having entered Armenia, there received the Mardaïtes in Lebanon, having dismantled a brazen wall. And he also broke the peace that had been established with the Bulgars, disturbing the agreements made under oath by his own father. While Abimelech was still in power, the Arabs marched against Africa and took it, and they established a garrison in it from their own army. Leontius at that time had cast Justinian out of the rule of the Romans, and having exiled him to Cherson, he seized the empire. And when Apsimar Tiberius succeeded Leontius in the empire and held the scepters of the Romans, Abimelech, the leader of the Arabs, died, and Walid, his son, took power for nine years. In the same year Justinian returned again to the throne, and while he was governing it lazily and carelessly, the Hagarenes gained complete control of Africa. Then the grandson of Mauias, with some few people, crossed over into Spain, and having gathered all those of his race, he seized Spain until this day, whence the Hagarenes inhabiting Spain are named Mauiatae. The Hagarenes inhabiting Crete happen to be descendants of these. For when Michael the Stammerer took control of the Roman empire, and the rebellion of Thomas took place, lasting for a period of three years, then while the emperor was occupied with the events that had occurred, the Hagarenes inhabiting Spain, finding an opportunity, having equipped a sufficient fleet and starting from the regions of Sicily, laid waste all the Cyclades islands, and having come to Crete and finding it opportune and undefended, with no one resisting or fighting, they took it, and hold it until this day. And Suleiman succeeds Walid, and rules for three years. Under him Masalmas, the general of Suleiman, campaigned with an army by land, and Umar by sea, and by the cooperation of God they returned unsuccessful with shame. And Umar succeeds Suleiman, and holds the rule of the Arabs for two years. And Azid succeeds Umar, and holds the rule for four years. And Isam succeeds him, and holds the rule for 19 years. Of this man

14

παρά τε τοῦ στόλου καὶ τῶν στρατιωτῶν τοῦ βασιλέως. Καὶ εἰρήνευσεν ἡ καθ' ἡμᾶς πολιτεία ἐπὶ μήκιστον χρόνον, στρατηγούσης καὶ περιεπούσης τῆς δεσποίνης ἡμῶν καὶ ἀειπαρθένου Μαρίας τῆς Θεοτόκου τήνδε τὴν πόλιν, ἧς καὶ τὴν ἄχραντον καὶ ἁγίαν εἰκόνα καὶ αὐτὸς ὁ Σουλεϊμὰν ᾐδέσθη καὶ ἐνετράπη καὶ τοῦ ἵππου κατέπεσεν. 22 Ἐκ τοῦ Χρονογράφου τοῦ μακαρίου Θεοφάνους περὶ τῶν αὐτῶν καὶ περὶ Μαυίου καὶ τῆς γενεᾶς αὐτοῦ, ὅπως διεπέρασεν ἐν Ἱσπανίᾳ. Ῥωμαίων βασιλεὺς Ἰουστινιανὸς ὁ Ῥινότμητος. Αὕτη ἐστὶν ἀρχὴ τῆς βασιλείας αὐτοῦ, καὶ μετὰ ταῦτα ἐξεβλήθη ὑπὸ Λεοντίου, καὶ πάλιν ἀντεισῆλθεν ἐκβαλὼν τὸν Λεόντιον καὶ Ἀψίμαρον, καὶ ἀμφοτέρους αὐτοὺς ἐν τῇ ἱπποδρομίᾳ θριαμβεύσας καὶ ἀποκτείνας. Τούτῳ τῷ ἔτει ἀποστέλλει Ἀβιμέλεχ πρὸς Ἰουστινιανὸν βεβαιῶσαι τὴν εἰρήνην οὕτως, ἵνα ὁ βασιλεὺς παύσῃ τὸ τῶν Μαρδαϊτῶν τάγμα ἐκ τοῦ Λιβάνου καὶ διακωλύσῃ τὰς ἐπιδρομὰς αὐτῶν, καὶ Ἀβιμέλεχ δώσῃ τοῖς Ῥωμαίοις καθ' ἑκάστην νομίσματα χίλια καὶ ἵππον εὐγενῆ ἕνα καὶ Αἰθίοπα δοῦλον ἕνα, καὶ ἵνα ἔχωσι κοινὰ κατὰ τὸ ἶσον τοὺς φόρους τῆς Κύπρου καὶ Ἀρμενίας καὶ Ἰβηρίας. Καὶ ἔπεμψεν ὁ βασιλεὺς Παῦλον τὸν μαγιστριανὸν πρὸς Ἀβιμέλεχ ἀσφαλίσασθαι τὰ στοιχηθέντα, καὶ γέγονεν ἔγγραφος ἀσφάλεια μετὰ μαρτύρων. Καὶ φιλοτιμηθεὶς ὁ μαγιστριανὸς ὑπέστρεψεν. Καὶ πέμψας ὁ βασιλεὺς προσελάβετο τοὺς Μαρδαΐτας χιλιάδας ιβʹ, τὴν Ῥωμαϊκὴν δυναστείαν ἀκρωτηριάσας. Πᾶσαι γὰρ αἱ νῦν οἰκούμεναι παρὰ τῶν Ἀράβων εἰς τὰ ἄκρα πόλεις ἀπὸ Μομψουεστίας καὶ ἕως τετάρτης Ἀρμενίας ἀνίσχυροι καὶ ἀοίκητοι ἐτύγχανον διὰ τὴν ἔφοδον τῶν Μαρδαϊτῶν, ὧν παρασταλέντων, πάνδεινα κακὰ πέπονθεν ἡ Ῥωμανία ὑπὸ τῶν Ἀράβων μέχρι τοῦ νῦν. Τῷ δ' αὐτῷ ἔτει εἰσελθὼν ὁ βασιλεὺς εἰς Ἀρμενίαν, ἐκεῖ ἐδέξατο τοὺς ἐν τῷ Λιβάνῳ Μαρδαΐτας, χάλκεον τεῖχος διαλύσας. Παρέλυσε δὲ καὶ τὴν μετὰ τῶν Βουλγάρων παγιωθεῖσαν εἰρήνην, διαταράξας τοὺς ὑπὸ τοῦ οἰκείου πατρὸς ἐνορδίνους γεγονότας τύπους. Ἔτι κρατοῦντος τοῦ Ἀβιμέλεχ, ἐπεστράτευσαν οἱ Ἄραβεςτῇ Ἀφρικῇ καὶ ταύτην παρέλαβον, καὶ ἐκ τοῦ οἰκείου στρατοῦ ταξατιῶνα ἐν αὐτῇ κατέστησαν. Λεόντιος δὲ ἦν τῷ τότε χρόνῳ ἐκβαλὼν Ἰουστινιανὸν τῆς Ῥωμαίων ἀρχῆς, καὶ ἐξορίσας αὐτὸν ἐν Χερσῶνι, τῆς βασιλείας ἐκράτησεν. Ἀψιμάρου δὲ τοῦ Τιβερίου τὸν Λεόντιον διαδεξαμένου τῆς βασιλείας καὶ τὰ τῶν Ῥωμαίων σκῆπτρα κρατήσαντος, τέθνηκεν Ἀβιμέλεχ, ὁ τῶν Ἀράβων ἀρχηγός, καὶ ἐκράτησεν Οὐαλίδ, ὁ υἱὸς αὐτοῦ, ἔτη ἐννέα. Τῷ δʹ αὐτῷ ἔτει πάλιν ὑπέστρεψεν Ἰουστινιανὸς εἰς τὴν βασιλείαν, καὶ ῥᾳθύμως καὶ ἀμελῶς ταύτην διακυβερνῶν, τῆς Ἀφρικῆς ἐπεκράτησαν ὁλοσχερῶς οἱ Ἀγαρηνοί. Τότε ὁ τοῦ Μαυίου ἔγγονος μετὰ ὀλιγοστοῦ τινος λαοῦ διεπέρασεν ἐν Ἱσπανίᾳ, καὶ ἐπισυνάξας πάντας τοὺς ἐκ τοῦ γένους αὐτοῦ, ἐκράτησεν τὴν Ἱσπανίαν μέχρι τῆς σήμερον, ὅθεν οἱ τὴν Ἱσπανίαν κατοικοῦντες Ἀγαρηνοὶ Μαυιᾶται κατονομάζονται. Τούτων ἀπόγονοι τυγχάνουσιν οἱ τὴν Κρήτην οἰκοῦντες Ἀγαρηνοί. Ὅτε γὰρ Μιχαὴλ ὁ Τραυλὸς τῆς τῶν Ῥωμαίων ἀρχῆςἐπεκράτησεν, καὶ ἡ τοῦ Θωμᾶ ἀνταρσία ἐγένετο μέχρι τριετοῦς χρόνου ἐπικρατήσασα, τότε τοῦ βασιλέως ἀσχολουμένου ἐπὶ τοῖς συμβεβηκόσι πράγμασιν, εὑρόντες διωρίαν οἱ τὴν Ἱσπανίαν οἰκοῦντες Ἀγαρηνοί, στόλον ἱκανὸν ἐξαρτύσαντες καὶ ἀρξάμενοι ἀπὸ τῶν τῆς Σικελίας μερῶν πάσας τὰς Κυκλάδας νήσους ἠρήμωσαν, καὶ ἐλθόντες ἐν Κρήτῃ καὶ ταύτην εὔκαιρον καὶ ἀνειμένην εὑρόντες, μηδενὸς ἀνταίροντος ἢ μαχομένου, ταύτην παρέλαβον, καὶ διακρατοῦσιν ἕως τὴν σήμερον. Τὸν δὲ Οὐαλὶδ διαδέχεται Σουλεϊμάν, καὶ κρατεῖ ἔτη τρία. Ἐπὶ τούτου ἐπεστράτευσε Μάσαλμας, ὁ στρατηγὸς Σουλεϊμάν, μετὰ στρατοῦ διὰ ξηρᾶς, Οὔμαρ δὲ διὰ θαλάττης, καὶ τῇ τοῦ Θεοῦ συνεργείᾳ ἄπρακτοι μετ' αἰσχύνης ὑπέστρεψαν. Τὸν δὲ Σουλεϊμὰν διαδέχεται Οὔμαρ, καὶ κρατεῖ τῆς τῶν Ἀράβων ἀρχῆς ἔτη δύο. Τὸν δὲ Οὔμαρ διαδέχεται Ἀζίδ, καὶ κρατεῖ τῆς ἀρχῆς ἐπὶ ἐνιαυτοὺς τέσσαρας. Τοῦτον δὲ διαδέχεται Ἰσάμ, καὶ κρατεῖ τῆς ἀρχῆς ἐπὶ ἔτη ιθʹ. Τούτου