double. Is it a primary word or a derivative? and from where is it derived? From the preposition *kata* and the verb *hizō*. And are compound words first compounded and then inflected, or are they first inflected and then compounded? Words compounded with a preposition are inflected before they are compounded, for example, *agō*, *synagō*; but those not compounded with a preposition are not inflected before they are compounded, for example *philosophō*, *ephilosophoun*. *Kathizō*, the *thi* has an iota. Why? Verbs in *-izō* are written with an iota, except for *daneizō* and *chrēizō*. *Daneizō* comes from *daneion*, *daneiazō*, and by syncope *daneizō*; and *daneion* from *danos*. For neuters derived from neuters in -os by means of -eion, of a single gender, are written with the diphthong EI, for example *genos geneion*, *brenthos brentheion*, so thus also *danos daneion*. And *chrēizō* from *chreos*, *chreizō*, and by change of E to H, *chrēizō*, and by contraction *chrēizō*, and with the iota subscript. *Kathizō*, the future, *kathisō*. From where does it have the sigma? The fourth [conjugation] is variable, *phrasō*, *paixō*; and it ought to have the xi, and not the sigma; but verbs ending in -zō, if they are disyllabic, are sometimes pronounced with zeta in the future, for example *krazō*, *kraxō*, and sometimes with sigma, for example, *ktizō*, *ktisō*; but if they are more than two syllables, always with sigma, except for *aiazō aiaxō*, *oimōzō oimōxō*, *ololuzō ololuxō*, *thryllizō thryllixō*, *alapazō alapaxō*, *stērizō stērixō*, but *bastazō* and *nystazō* and similar words are Doric, by a change of the second sigma to zeta, 29 but of *stenazō* the present is variable; for *stenachō* is also found, from which also come *stenachos* and *stonachē*. *Kathizō*, and the future *kathisō*, the Attic future *kathō*. The rule: in verbs in -izō of more than two syllables that are written with iota, the Attics, by removing the sigma of the future and adding a circumflex, make their own future; for example *hybrizō hybrisō hybriō*, *laktizō laktisō laktiō*. Why did he say "in verbs in -izō"? Because in verbs in -azō or -ozō or -uzō they do not do this. For in these, if the future should drop the sigma, for example, *despozō desposō despoō*, *kraugazō kraugasō kraugaō*; but the Attics, finding consecutive vowels, again make a crasis, and it becomes *despō* and *kraugō*, which is improper. And how is it improper? For the future is found to have fewer syllables than the present, which is impossible; for every future is isosyllabic with the present, or has an extra syllable, but never has fewer. Why did he say "of more than two syllables"? Because there are some that are homophonous with the futures of the sixth conjugation, like *ktizō ktisō*, and *ktiō ktisō*. Therefore, so that it may not become ambiguous which conjugation it is, they do not do it in disyllabic verbs. And why did he say "of those written with iota"? Because in *daneizō* and *chrēizō* they do not do this, since every future is barytone, except for the second conjugation, or it wants to have the same penultimate syllable as the present, for example *typtō typsō*, or a longer one, for example *legō lexō*, but never a shorter one, except for *pnigō pnixō*, and *psychō psychxō*, and *erykō eryxō*. For these in the present have the doubtful vowel long by nature, but in the future, by position; therefore, so that they may avoid the impropriety, in the second conjugation of barytones they drop the sigma of the future and add a circumflex, so that the future may no longer be barytone. Since, therefore, in *daneizō daneisō* and *chrēizō chrēsō* the same penultimate syllable is preserved, the Attics no longer make a special future, because it has a long penult. *Kathizō*, the iota is short. Why? Verbs in -izō 30 shorten the iota, for example *andrizō*, *badizō*, *laktizō*, *kathizō* and the future, *kathisō*; the aorist *ekathisa*, the 2nd person, *ekathisas*, the 3rd, *ekathise*; and the nu is ephelcystic in the third persons, when a vowel follows, but no longer when consonants follow; and with the negation OU and the pleonasm of the kappa, *ouk ekathisen*. BUT OR, *alla* is a copulative conjunction; *ē* is a disjunctive one. On the smooth A; why? All conjunctions are smooth, except for the causal ones. It is oxytone; every copulative conjunction

διπλοῦ. Πρωτότυπόν ε᾿στιν η᾿` παράγωγον· καὶ πόθεν παράγεται; Ἐκ τῆς κατὰ προθέσεως καὶ τοῦ ι῾´ζω ῥήματος. Καὶ αἱ συντι θέμεναι λέξεις πρῶτον συντίθενται καὶ ου῾´τω κλίνονται, η᾿` πρῶτον κλίνονται, καὶ ου῾´τω συντίθενται; Αἱ μετὰ προθέ σεως συντιθέμεναι λέξεις πρὶν η᾿` συντεθῶσι κλίνονται, οι῾῀ον, α᾿´γω, συνάγω· αἱ δὲ μὴ μετὰ προθέσεως συντιθέμεναι ου᾿ κλίνονται πρὶν η᾿` συντεθῶσιν, οι῾῀ον φιλοσοφῶ, ε᾿φιλοσόφουν. Καθίζω, τὸ ΘΙ, Ι. ∆ιατί; Τὰ διὰ τοῦ ι῾´ζω ῥηματικὰ διὰ τοῦ Ι γράφεται, πλὴν τοῦ δανείζω καὶ χρῄζω. Τὸ μὲν δανείζω γέγονε παρὰ τὸ δάνειον, δανειάζω, καὶ ἐν συγκοπῇ δανείζω· τὸ δὲ δάνειον παρὰ τὸ δάνος. Τὰ γὰρ α᾿πο` τῶν ει᾿ς ΟΣ ου᾿δετέρων διὰ τοῦ ΕΙΟΝ γινόμενα ου᾿δε´τερα μονογενῆ, διὰ τῆς ΕΙ διφθόγγου γράφεται, οι῾῀ον γένος γένειον, βρένθος βρένθειον, ου῾´τως ου᾿῀ν καὶ δάνος δάνειον. Τὸ δὲ χρῄζω α᾿πο` τοῦ χρέος, χρεΐζω, καὶ τροπῇ τοῦ Ε ει᾿ς Η χρηΐζω, καὶ ἐν συναιρέσει χρῄζω, καὶ μετὰ τοῦ Ι προσγεγραμμένου. Καθίζω, ὁ μέλλων, καθίσω. Πόθεν ε᾿´χει τὸ Σ;Ἡ δὲ τετάρτη διφο ρεῖται, φράσω, παίξω· καὶ ω᾿´φειλεν ε᾿´χειν τὸ Ξ, καὶ μὴ τὸ Σ· α᾿λλὰ τὰ ει᾿ς ΖΩ λήγοντα ῥήματα, ει᾿ μέν ει᾿σι δισύλλαβα, πῆ μὲν διὰ τοῦ Ζ ε᾿κφερόμενα ε᾿πι` τῷ μέλλοντι, οι῾῀ον κράζω, κράξω, πῆ δὲ διὰ τοῦ Σ, οι῾῀ον, κτίζω, κτίσω· ει᾿ δέ ει᾿σιν ὑπὲρ δύο συλλαβὰς, α᾿ει` διὰ τοῦ Σ, πλὴν τοῦ αἰάζω αἰάξω, οι᾿μω´ζω οι᾿μω´ξω, ο᾿λολύζω ο᾿λολύξω, θρυλλίζω θρυλλίξω, α᾿λαπάζω α᾿λαπάξω, στηρίζω στηρίξω, τὸ δὲ βαστάζω καὶ νυστάζω καὶ τὰ ο῾´μοια ∆ωρικά ει᾿σι, κατὰ τροπὴν τοῦ δευτέρου Σ ει᾿ς Ζ, 29 τοῦ δὲ στενάζω ὁ ἐνεστὼς διφορεῖται· ευ῾´ρηται γὰρ καὶ στενάχω, α᾿φ' ου῾῀ καὶ στέναχος καὶ στοναχή. Καθίζω, καὶ ὁ μέλλων καθίσω, ὁἈττικὸς μέλλων καθῶ.Ὁ κανών· ε᾿πι` τῶν διὰ τοῦ ίζω ῥημάτων τῶν ὑπὲρ δύο συλλαβῶν (ὰς) τῶν διὰ τοῦ Ι γραφομένων, οἱἈττικοὶ ἐκβάλλοντες τὸ Σ τοῦ μέλ λοντος, καὶ περισπῶντες, ι᾿´διον μέλλοντα ποιοῦσιν· οι῾῀ον ὑβρίζω ὑβρίσω ὑβριῶ, λακτίζω λακτίσω λακτιῶ. ∆ιατί ει᾿῀πεν ε᾿πι` τῶν διὰ τοῦ ίζω; ∆ιότι ε᾿πι` τῶν διὰ τοῦ άζω η᾿` ο´ζω η᾿` υ´ζω τοῦτο ου᾿ ποιοῦσιν.Ἐπὶ τούτων γὰρ ὁ μέλλων ἐὰν α᾿ποβάλλῃ τὸ Σ, οι῾῀ον, δεσπόζω δεσπόσω δεσποῶ, κραυγάζω κραυγάσω κραυγαῶ· εὑρίσκοντες δὲ οἱ Ἀττικοὶ ἀλλεπάλληλα τὰ φωνήεντα πάλιν ποιοῦσι κράσιν, καὶ γίνεται δεσπῶ καὶ κραυγῶ, ο῾´περ ε᾿στὶν α᾿´τοπον. Καὶ πῶς ε᾿στιν α᾿´τοπον; Εὑρίσκεται γὰρ ὁ μέλλων ε᾿λα´ττονας συλλαβὰς ε᾿´χειν τοῦ ἐνεστῶτος, ο῾´περ α᾿δυ´νατον· πᾶς γὰρ μέλλων ι᾿σοσύλλαβός ε᾿στι τῷ ἐνεστῶτι, η᾿` περιττοσύλλαβος, ου᾿δε´πω δὲ ἐνδεῖ. ∆ιατί ει᾿῀πεν ε᾿πι` τῶν ὑπὲρ δύο συλλαβάς; ∆ιότι ει᾿σι´ τινα α῾´τινα ὁμοφωνεῖ τοῖς μέλλουσι τῆς ϛ συζυγίας, ὡς τὸ κτίζω κτίσω, καὶ κτίω κτίσω.Ἵνα ου᾿῀ν μὴ ἀμφίβολα γένηται ποίας ε᾿στι συζυγίας, ε᾿πι` τῶν δισυλλάβων ου᾿ ποιοῦσι. Καὶ διατί ει᾿῀πε τῶν διὰ τοῦ Ι γραφομένων; ∆ιότι ε᾿πι` τοῦ δανείζω καὶ χρῄζω τοῦτο ου᾿ ποιοῦσιν, ε᾿πειδὴ πᾶς μέλλων βαρύτονος, πλὴν τῆς δευτέρας συζυγίας, η᾿` τὴν ι᾿´σην παραλή γουσαν θέλει ε᾿´χειν τῷ ἐνεστῶτι, οι῾῀ον τύπτω τύψω, η᾿` μεί ζονα, οι῾῀ον λέγω λέξω, ου᾿δε´πω δὲ ἐλάττονα, πλὴν τοῦ πνίγω πνίξω, καὶ ψύχω ψύξω, καὶ ἐρύκω ε᾿ρυ´ξω. Ταῦτα γὰρ ε᾿ν μὲν τῷ ἐνεστῶτι ε᾿´χουσι φύσει μακρὸν τὸν δίχρονον, ε᾿ν δὲ τῷ μέλλοντι, θέσει· ι῾´να ου᾿῀ν τὸ α᾿´τοπον α᾿ποφύγωσι, ε᾿πι` τῆς δευτέρας συζυγίας τῶν βαρυτόνων α᾿ποβάλλουσι τὸ Σ τοῦ μέλλοντος, καὶ περισπῶσιν, ι῾´να μηκέτι ει᾿´η βαρύτονος ὁ μέλλων.Ἐπεὶ ου᾿῀ν τοῦ δανείζω δανείσω καὶ χρῄζω χρήσω ἡ αυ᾿τη` παραλήγουσα πεφύλακται, ου᾿κε´τι ποιοῦσιν οἱἈτ τικοὶ ι᾿´διον μέλλοντα, διὰ τὸ μακρᾷ παραλήγεσθαι. Καθίζω, τὸ Ι βραχύ. ∆ιατί; Τὰ διὰ τοῦ ΙΖΩ ῥήματα 30 συστέλλουσι τὸ Ι, οι῾῀ον α᾿νδρίζω, βαδίζω, λακτίζω, καθίζω καὶ ὁ μέλλων, καθίσω· ὁ ἀόριστος ε᾿κα´θισα, τὸ βʹ, ε᾿κα´θισας, τὸ γʹ, ε᾿κα´θισε· καὶ τὸ Ν ε᾿φελκυστικόν ε᾿στιν ε᾿ν τοῖς τρίτοις προσώποις, φωνήεντος ε᾿πιφερομένου, συμφώνων δ' ου᾿κε´τι· καὶ μετὰ τῆς ΟΥ α᾿ρνήσεως καὶ πλεονασμοῦ τοῦ Κ, ου᾿κ ε᾿κα´θισεν. ἈΛΛ'Ἢ, τὸ ἀλλὰ σύνδεσμος συμπλεκτικός· τὸ η᾿` διαζευ κτικός. Ει᾿ς τὸ Α ψιλόν· διατί; Οἱ σύνδεσμοι πάντες ψιλοῦν ται, πλὴν τῶν αι᾿τιολογικῶν.Ὀξύνεται· πᾶς σύνδεσμος συμ πλεκτικὸς