Georgius Pachymeres, Chronicle I

to take in lawful marriage Theodora, the daughter of Palaiologos's full sister Maria, also known as Martha, whom she had borne to the grand domestic Tarchaneiotes. And the word of the emperor was a firm pledge for them, and from then on, since the parties were in agreement about the marriage, he entered the maiden's house freely as a son-in-law. But a short time elapsed, measuring out that betrothal, and I do not know what came over the ruler—except that power is stronger than justice—he gave the aforementioned well-born girl in marriage to Basil, the son of Kaballarios, who was also of noble birth. He, for his part, gladly accepts the gift as a benefaction and hastens 57 the wedding. To the women, however, who were inclined toward the first arrangement and who, being pre-committed, considered it dishonorable to change, the bridegroom was unloved. Meanwhile—for the ruler commanded it—whether they were willing or not, the customary rites were performed, and the wedding was celebrated publicly. But for days the bridegroom did not fulfill his manly duties to the maiden; and when the emperor inquired how this came to be, he at first obscured his defense, as if unwilling to reveal it, then, when he was questioned more forcefully, he said that sorcery was the impediment. And immediately there was suspicion in the ruler concerning himself, and a very terrible anger that seemed likely to yield to nothing unless the sorcery were confessed. At once, therefore, there was a sack of straw, and the noble old woman, naked along with weasels, was shut up inside it, and as they were goaded from the outside with switches, the suffering woman was pricked by the points of their claws, so that she would be forced, even unwillingly, to speak the secret. But nothing more could be heard from her than that she was not conscious of having done any such thing and that she did not know if the bridegroom was hated by the girl, who had previously been betrothed to another. The emperor, however, either because he was still unchangeable in his suspicion that it was likely that she, being accustomed to sorcery, would dare to use such things against him too—her brother, who was raised and loved by her, also being suspected—or because he had come to the thought that perhaps, when what had happened was likely heard, Palaiologos, suffering insult as a brother, might incline toward rebellion, being of this mind, sent and relieved him of his command, and brought him up as a prisoner, ostensibly to defend himself on the charge of sorcery, but in truth the deed was a pretext out of cowardice, lest he attempt some rebellion upon hearing the news. And this was clear from the fact that not only was he not recalled from prison again after a short time and shown sympathy, but also that [the emperor], fearing for himself and his affairs on account of his illness, deemed him worthy to be a guardian for his family and to remember the favor to him in these things, because, although he deserved to suffer ill for what had gone before, out of sympathy he had done nothing irreparable to him.

13. The Death of the Emperor Theodore and his achievements while still living. At that same time, as autumn was approaching, the ruler departed this life, leaving four children, three females and one nine-year-old 59 male named John after his grandfather; for the first of the daughters had already been given in marriage, one to the ruler of Bulgaria, Constantine Tikh, the other to Nikephoros, the son of the western despot Michael. And indeed a sign had foretold this; for the sun was eclipsed for an hour, at the third hour of the sixth day, and a deep darkness had covered everything, so that stars even appeared in the sky. And so a man was snatched away before his time, who was born and raised imperially, brought up and educated imperially, even if he did not resemble his father in the deep and wise manner in which he would speak and act, nor in his firm and unchangeable judgment, but who still had from his grandfather a sharpness in all things, magnanimity, and a warlike spirit, and from his mother a most generous nature, so that he would lavish money on his subjects with full hands and in lavishing it not only was not annoyed, but even rejoiced, being most fond of learning, and treating all learned men with beneficence, and no less was he himself in rational learning

αὐταδέλφης τοῦ Παλαιολόγου Μαρίας, εἴτε καὶ Μάρθας, κόρην Θεοδώραν, ἣν τῷ Ταρχανειώτῃ μεγάλῳ δομεστίκῳ ἐκείνη γεγέννηκεν, εἰς γάμον νόμιμον ἀγαγέσθαι. Καὶ ἦν ὁ λόγος τοῦ βασιλέως αὐτοῖς βεβαία τις κατεγγύησις, κἀντεῦθεν, ἐπεὶ καὶ πρὸς τὸν γάμον τὰ μέρη ἦσαν συγκάταινα, ὡς γαμβρὸς ἀνέδην τὴν τῆς κόρης οἰκίαν εἰσήρχετο. Ἀλλὰ παρερρύη χρόνος ὀλίγος ὁ τὴν μνηστείαν ἐκείνην ἐπιμετρῶν, καὶ οὐκ οἶδ' ὅ τι παθὼν ὁ κρατῶν, πλὴν ἀλλ' ἡ ἐξουσία κρεῖσσον δικαίου, τῷ τοῦ Καβαλλαρίου υἱῷ Βασιλείῳ, εὐγενεῖ γε ὄντι, ἐξεδίδου εὖ γένους ἔχουσαν τὴν ῥηθεῖσαν. Ὁ δ' ἐν εὐεργεσίας μέρει δέχεται ἀσμένως τὸ δωρηθὲν καὶ κατεπείγει 57 τοὺς γάμους. Ταῖς μέντοι γε γυναιξί, πρὸς τὸ πρῶτον ῥεπούσαις συνάλλαγμα, προκατειλημμέναις ἄτιμον ἐχούσαις τὸ μεταβαίνειν, ἀπόστοργος ὁ νυμφίος ἦν. Τέως δέὁ γὰρ κρατῶν προσέταττεν, ἑκουσῶν ἀκουσῶν ἐκείνων, τὰ νομιζόμενα ἐτελεῖτο, καὶ περιφανῶς οἱ ὑμέναιοι ἤγοντο. Ἀλλ' ὁ νυμφίος ἐφ' ἡμέραις οὐκ ἐπλήρου τῇ κόρῃ τὰ τῶν ἀνδρῶν· καὶ πυνθανομένου τοῦ βασιλέως ὅπως τοῦτο γένοιτο, ὁ δὲ πρῶτον μὲν ὑπεσκίαζε τὸν ἀπόλογον, ὡς μὴ θέλων ἐκκαλύπτειν δῆθεν, εἶθ' ὡς καὶ δραστικώτερον ἀνεκρίνετο, μαγγανείαν τὸ ἐμποδὼν ἔλεγε. Καὶ εὐθὺς ὑποψία περὶ ἑαυτῷ τοῦ κρατοῦντος, καὶ θυμὸς μάλα δεινὸς καὶ οὐδὲν ὑφεῖναι δοκῶν, εἰ μὴ ὁμολογοῖτο ἡ μαγγανεία. Εὐθὺς οὖν σάκκος ἀχυρμιᾶς, καὶ γυμνὴ συνάμα γαλαῖς ἡ εὐγενὴς γραῦς ἐντὸς συναπείληπτο, ὧν, λύγοις ἔξωθεν μυωπιζομένων, ταῖς τῶν ὀνύχων ἀκμαῖς ἐπερονᾶτο ἡ πάσχουσα, ἐφ' ᾧ ἀναγκαζομένην καὶ ἄκουσαν ἐξειπεῖν τὸ ἀπόρρητον. Ἀλλ' οὐκ ἦν πλέον παρ' ἐκείνης ἀκούειν ἢ τὸ μὴ συνειδέναι τι τοιοῦτον ἑαυτῇ πραξάσῃ καὶ ὡς οὐκ οἶδ' εἰ ὁ νυμφίος μεμίσηται τῇ παιδί, ἄλλῳ τῳ πρότερον κατηγγυημένῃ. Ὁ μέντοι γε βασιλεύς, εἴτε τὸ πρὸς τὴν ὑποψίαν καὶ ἔτι ἀμετάθετον ἔχων, ὡς ἐκείνην, μαγγανείαις εἰθισμένην, εἰκὸς καὶ κατ' αὐτοῦ τολμῆσαι τοιούτοις χρήσασθαι, συνυποπτευομένου καὶ τἀδελφοῦ, ὑπ' αὐτῇ τραφέντος καὶ στεργομένου, εἴτε μὴν καὶ εἰς ἔννοιαν ἐλθὼν μήπως, τῶν πραχθέντων ὡς εἰκὸς ἀκουσθέντων, ὁ Παλαιολόγος, ὑβριοπαθήσας ὡς ἀδελφός, πρὸς νεωτερισμὸν ἀποκλίνειεν, οὕτως ἔχων, πέμψας καὶ τῆς ἡγεμονίας ἐκεῖνον παραλύσας, ἀνάγει δέσμιον, τῷ μὲν δοκεῖν περὶ τοῦ τῆς μαγγανείας ἐγκλήματος ἀπολογησόμενον, τῇ δ' ἀληθείᾳ πρόσχημα ἦν τὸ πραχθὲν δειλίας τοῦ μή τι νεωτερίσαι ἀκούσαντα. Τὸ δ' ἦν δῆλον ἐκ τοῦ μὴ ὅπως μετ' ὀλίγον τῆς εἱρκτῆς ἐκεῖνον ἐσαῦθις ἀνακαλεῖσθαι καὶ συμπαθεῖν, ἀλλὰ καί, περὶ ἑαυτῷ καὶ τοῖς αὐτοῦ πράγμασι δεδοικότα διὰ τὴν νόσον, ἀνάδοχον ἀξιοῦν εἶναι τῷ γένει καὶ ἀπομνημονεύειν τὴν χάριν αὐτῷ ἐν τούτοις, ὅτι, παθεῖν κακῶς ἄξιον ὄντα διὰ τὰ φθάσαντα, οὐδὲν ἐκεῖνον ἐκ συμπαθείας ἀνήκεστον ἔδρασε.

ιγʹ. Θάνατος τοῦ βασιλέως Θεοδώρου καὶ τὰ ἔτι ζῶντος αὐτοῦ κατορθώ ματα. Τοῦ δ' αὐτοῦ χρόνου πρὸς τὸ φθινοπωρινὸν ἀποκλίνοντος, ἐπὶ τέτρασι παισὶ μεταλλάττει τὸ βιοῦν ὁ κρατῶν, τρισὶ μὲν θηλυτέραις, ἑνὶ δ' ἐνναέτει 59 ἄρρενι παππωνυμοῦντι τῷ Ἰωάννῃ· αἱ γὰρ πρῶται τῶν θυγατέρων, ἡ μὲν τῷ Βουλγαρίας ἄρχοντι Κωνσταντίνῳ τῷ Τείχῳ, ἡ δὲ τῷ τοῦ δυσικοῦ δεσπότου Μιχαὴλ παιδὶ Νικηφόρῳ, πρὸς γάμον ἔφθασαν ἐκδοθῆναι. Ὃ δὴ καὶ προεσήμηνέ τι σημεῖον· ἥλιος γὰρ ἐκλελοίπει ἐφ' ὥραν, τρίτην ὥραν τῆς ἕκτης ἡμέρας, καὶ βαθὺ σκότος τὸ πᾶν κατειλήφει, ὥστε καὶ ἄστρα φανῆναι κατ' οὐρανόν. Καὶ δὴ ἁρπάζεται καὶ πρὸ ὥρας ἀνὴρ βασιλικῶς μὲν καὶ γεννηθεὶς καὶ τραφείς, βασιλικῶς δ' ἀναχθείς τε καὶ παιδευθείς, κἂν εἰ τῷ πατρὶ οὐ προσεῴκει τὸ βαθύ τε καὶ συνετόν, πρὸς ὅ τι λέξοι καὶ πράξοι, καὶ τὸ τῆς γνώμης στερρόν τε καὶ ἀμετάθετον, ἀλλ' οὖν ἐκ πάππου μὲν ἔχων τὸ ἐς πάντ' ὀξὺ καὶ μεγαλόφρον καὶ ἀρεϊκόν, ἐκ δὲ μητρὸς τὸ φιλοδωρότατον, ὡς ὅλαις χερσὶ τοῖς ὑπηκόοις τὰ χρήματα ἐξαντλεῖν καὶ ἐξαντλοῦντα οὐχ ὅπως ἀνιᾶσθαι, ἀλλὰ καὶ χαίρειν, φιλολογώτατος δ' ἐς τὰ μάλιστα ὤν, καὶ πᾶσι μὲν λογίοις εὐεργετικῶς προσφερόμενος, οὐχ ἧττον δὲ καὶ αὐτὸς λογικῇ παιδείᾳ