John Chrysostom, On Virginity

this becomes a salvation for those who mock them, so that they do not advance further in their wickedness by not paying any penalty for their former deeds. But while I was saying these things, the memory of what happened in the time of Elijah entered my mind. For what the boys suffered from the bears because of Elisha, this is what two groups of fifty men, along with their leaders, endured from a fire ignited from above, on account of his teacher. For when they too approached with great irony, they called the just man and commanded him to come down to them; instead of him, fire came down and consumed them all, no less than those beasts did. Therefore, considering these things, all you enemies of virginity, put at last a door and a bolt to your mouth, so that you too do not begin to say on the day of judgment, when you see those of the virgin life shining there: "These were they whom we once held in derision and as a byword of reproach. We fools accounted their life madness and their end without honor. How are they numbered among the sons of God, and their lot is among the saints? So we have strayed from the way of truth, and the light of righteousness did not shine on us." But what is the profit of these words, when repentance is then enfeebled by the occasion?

23 Why those who commit the same sins are not punished in the same way. But perhaps one of you will say: did no one, then, after those times, speak evil of holy men? Many, and in many places of the earth. How is it then that they did not pay the same penalty? he says. Indeed they did, and we know of many of these. But if some also escaped, they will not escape to the end. For according to the blessed Paul, "Some men's sins are manifest, going before to judgment, but some they follow after." And just as lawmakers, having set down in writing the punishments for wrongdoers, have let them stand, so also our Lord Jesus Christ, having punished one or two of those who sinned and, as it were, having set down their punishments on a bronze pillar and in letters, speaks to all through what happened to them, saying that even if in the present time those who dare the same things as those who have been punished do not pay the same penalty, in the time to come they will undergo a harsher punishment.

24 That those who sin and are not punished ought not to be confident, but rather to be afraid for this reason. So when, sinning without measure, we suffer no evil, let us not be confident, but rather for this reason let us be afraid. For even if we are not judged here by God, we will be condemned there with the world. And this, again, is not my judgment, but that of Christ speaking in Paul. For speaking to those who partake of the mysteries unworthily, he says: "For this cause many are weak and sickly among you, and a considerable number sleep. For if we would judge ourselves, we should not be judged. But when we are judged, we are chastened by the Lord, that we should not be condemned with the world." For there are those who need only the censure here, when their sins are moderate and, having been punished, they no longer run back to their former ways, imitating the dog that returns to its vomit. And there are those who, because of the excess of their wickedness, pay the penalty both here and there; while others will undergo their punishment only there, because they have committed the most grievous deeds of all, not having been deemed worthy to be scourged with men. "And they shall not be scourged with men," it says, as they are being kept to be punished with demons. "Depart from me," he says, "into the outer darkness prepared for the devil and his angels." Many have seized the priesthood with money, but they did not have an accuser, nor did they hear what Simon heard from Peter then. But not for this reason did they escape; rather, they will undergo a much harsher penalty than the one owed here, because they were not even brought to their senses by the example. Many have dared the things of Korah, but have not suffered the things of Korah; but they will suffer later at a greater cost. Many

τῶν χλευαζόντων αὐτῶν σωτηρίας τοῦτο γίνεται ὥστε μὴ περαιτέρω προελθεῖν τῆς κακίας αὐτοὺς τῷ μηδεμίαν ὑπὲρ τῶν προτέρων δοῦναι δίκην. Ἀλλὰ μεταξύ με ταῦτα λέγοντα καὶ ἡ τῶν κατὰ τὸν Ἡλίαν γενομένων εἰσῆλθε μνήμη. Ὅπερ γὰρ οἱ παῖδες παρὰ τῶν ἄρκων ἔπασχον διὰ τὸν Ἐλισσαῖον, τοῦτο διὰ τὸν τούτου διδάσκαλον ὑπὸ πυρὸς ἄνωθεν ἁφθέντος δὶς πεντήκοντα ἄνδρες ἅμα τοῖς προεστῶσιν αὐτῶν ὑπέμενον. Ἐπειδὴ γὰρ κἀκεῖνοι μετὰ πολλῆς τῆς εἰρωνείας προσελθόντες ἐκάλουν τὸν δίκαιον καὶ καταβαίνειν ἐκέλευον πρὸς αὐτούς, ἀντ' ἐκείνου πῦρ κατελθὸν ἅπαντας αὐτοὺς κατέφαγε τῶν θηρίων οὐχ ἧττον ἐκείνων. Ταῦτ' οὖν ἐννοήσαντες, ἅπαντες ὑμεῖς οἱ τῆς παρθενίας ἐχθροί, ἐπίθεσθέ ποτε τῷ στόματι ὑμῶν θύραν καὶ μοχλὸν ἵνα μὴ καὶ ὑμεῖς ἄρξησθε λέγειν κατὰ τὴν ἡμέραν τῆς κρίσεως τοὺς ἀπὸ τῆς παρθενίας ἐκεῖ λάμποντας ὁρῶντες· «Οὗτοι ἦσαν οὓς εἴχομέν ποτε εἰς γέλωτα καὶ εἰς παραβολὴν ὀνειδισμοῦ· ἡμεῖς οἱ ἄφρονες τὸν βίον αὐτῶν ἐλογισάμεθα μανίαν καὶ τὴν τελευτὴν αὐτῶν ἄτιμον. Πῶς κατελογίσθησαν ἐν υἱοῖς Θεοῦ καὶ ἐν ἁγίοις ὁ κλῆρος αὐτῶν ἐστιν; Ἄρα ἐπλανήθημεν ἀπὸ ὁδοῦ ἀληθείας καὶ τὸ τῆς δικαιοσύνης φῶς οὐκ ἐπέλαμψεν ἡμῖν.» Ἀλλὰ τί κέρδος τῶν ῥημάτων τούτων τῆς μετανοίας ἐκνενευρισμένης ὑπὸ τοῦ καιροῦ τότε;

23 ∆ιὰ τί οἱ τὰ αὐτὰ ἁμαρτάνοντες οὐ τὰ αὐτὰ κολάζονται. Ἀλλ' ἴσως ἐρεῖ τις ὑμῶν· οὐδεὶς οὖν μετ' ἐκείνους τοὺς καιροὺς ἐκακηγόρησεν ἁγίους ἄνδρας; Πολλοὶ καὶ πολλαχοῦ γῆς. Πῶς οὖν τὴν αὐτὴν δίκην οὐκ ἔδοσαν; φησίν. Ἔδοσαν μὲν καὶ τούτων ἴσμεν πολλούς. Εἰ δὲ ἔνιοι καὶ διέφυγον ἀλλ' οὐκ εἰς τέλος διαφεύξονται. Κατὰ γὰρ τὸν μακάριον Παῦλον, «Τινῶν αἱ ἁμαρτίαι πρόδηλοί εἰσι προάγουσαι εἰς κρίσιν, τισὶ δὲ καὶ ἐπακολουθοῦσι.» Καὶ καθάπερ οἱ νομοθέται τῶν ἀδικούντων τὰς τιμωρίας ἐν γράμμασι θέντες ἀφῆκαν, οὕτω καὶ ὁ κύριος ἡμῶν Ἰησοῦς Χριστὸς ἕνα καὶ δεύτερον τῶν ἡμαρτηκότων κολάσας καὶ ὥσπερ ἐν στήλῃ χαλκῇ καὶ γράμμασι τὰς ἐκείνων καταθέμενος τιμωρίας διὰ τῶν ἐκείνοις συμβάντων ἅπασι διαλέγεται λέγων ὅτι κἂν ἐν τῷ παρόντι καιρῷ τιμωρίαν μὴ δῶσι τὴν αὐτὴν οἱ τὰ αὐτὰ τολμῶντες τοῖς δεδωκόσι κατὰ τὸν μέλλοντα καιρὸν χαλεπωτέραν ὑποστήσονται κόλασιν.

24 Ὅτι τοὺς ἁμαρτάνοντας καὶ μὴ κολαζομένους οὐχὶ θαρρεῖν ἀλλὰ δεδοικέναι διὰ τοῦτο μᾶλλον χρή. Ὥστε ὅταν ἄμετρα ἁμαρτάνοντες μηδὲν πάσχωμεν κακόν, μὴ θαρρῶμεν ἀλλὰ διὰ τοῦτο μᾶλλον φοβώμεθα. Κἂν γὰρ ἐνταῦθα μὴ κριθῶμεν ὑπὸ τοῦ Θεοῦ, ἐκεῖ σὺν τῷ κόσμῳ κατακριθησόμεθα. Καὶ αὕτη πάλιν οὐκ ἐμὴ ἡ ἀπόφασις ἀλλὰ τοῦ λαλοῦντος ἐν τῷ Παύλῳ Χριστοῦ. Τοῖς γὰρ τῶν μυστηρίων ἀναξίως μεταλαμβάνουσι διαλεγόμενός φησι· «∆ιὰ τοῦτο ἐν ὑμῖν πολλοὶ ἀσθενεῖς καὶ ἄρρωστοι καὶ κοιμῶνται ἱκανοί. Εἰ γὰρ ἑαυτοὺς διεκρίνομεν, οὐκ ἂν ἐκρινόμεθα· νῦν δὲ κρινόμενοι ὑπὸ κυρίου παιδευόμεθα, ἵνα μὴ σὺν τῷ κόσμῳ κατακριθῶμεν.» Εἰσὶ μὲν γὰρ οἱ τῆς ἐνταῦθα μόνον ἐπιτιμήσεως δεόμενοι, ὅταν αὐτῶν σύμμετρα ᾖ τὰ ἁμαρτήματα καὶ κολασθέντες μηκέτι πάλιν πρὸς τὰ πρότερα ἀνατρέχωσι τὸν ἐπὶ τὸν ἔμετον ἐπιστρέψαντα κύνα μιμούμενοι. Εἰσὶ δὲ οἱ διὰ τὴν ὑπερβολὴν τῆς κακίας καὶ ἐνταῦθα καὶ ἐκεῖ τιννύντες δίκην· ἕτεροι δὲ μόνον ἐκεῖ τὴν τιμωρίαν ὑποστήσονται διὰ τὸ πάντων χαλεπώτερα εἰργάσθαι μὴ ἀξιωθέντες μετὰ ἀνθρώπων μαστιγωθῆναι. «Καὶ μετὰ ἀνθρώπων», γάρ φησιν, «οὐ μαστιγωθήσονται» ὡς τηρούμενοι μετὰ δαιμόνων κολάζεσθαι. «Πορεύεσθε», γάρ φησιν, «ἀπ' ἐμοῦ εἰς τὸ σκότος τὸ ἐξώτερον τὸ ἡτοιμασμένον τῷ διαβόλῳ καὶ τοῖς ἀγγέλοις αὐτοῦ.» Πολλοὶ τὴν ἱερωσύνην ἥρπασαν χρήμασιν ἀλλ' οὐκ ἔσχον τὸν ἐλέγχοντα οὐδὲ ἤκουσαν ἃ Σίμων ἤκουσε παρὰ τοῦ Πέτρου τότε. Ἀλλ' οὐ διὰ τοῦτο διέφυγον ἀλλὰ πολλῷ χαλεπωτέραν ὑποστήσονται δίκην τῆς ἐνθάδε ὀφειλομένης ὅτι μηδὲ ἐκ τοῦ παραδείγματος ἐσωφρονίσθησαν. Πολλοὶ τὰ τοῦ Κορὲ ἐτόλμησαν ἀλλ' οὐκ ἔπαθον τὰ τοῦ Κορέ, ἀλλὰ πείσονται ὕστερον ἐπὶ μείζονι τῇ ζημίᾳ. Πολλοὶ