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sixth book Joshua son of Nun, seventh of the Judges, eighth of Ruth, ninth of Job, tenth the Psalter, eleventh Proverbs of Solomon, twelfth Ecclesiastes, thirteenth the Song of Songs, fourteenth of Kingdoms first, fifteenth of Kingdoms second, sixteenth of Kingdoms third, seventeenth of Kingdoms fourth, eighteenth of Paralipomenon first, nineteenth of Paralipomenon second, twentieth the Twelve Prophets, twenty-first Isaiah the prophet, twenty-second Jeremiah the prophet with Lamentations and 1.192 his letters and that of Baruch, twenty-third Ezekiel the prophet, twenty-fourth Daniel the prophet, twenty-fifth Esdras A, twenty-sixth Esdras B, twenty-seventh Esther. These are the twenty-seven books given by God to the Jews; but they are numbered as twenty-two like the elements of the Hebrew letters among them, because ten books are doubled, being counted as five. We have spoken clearly about this elsewhere. There are also two other disputed books among them, the Wisdom of Sirach and that of Solomon, besides certain other apocryphal books. And all these sacred books taught Judaism and the observances of the law until the coming of our Lord Jesus Christ. And they were well-behaved, being tutored in the law, if they had accepted the Christ who was proclaimed and prophesied to them by the tutor, I mean the law, so that by accepting his divinity and his incarnate coming they might learn not the abolition of the law, but the fulfillment of the law, since the types were in the law, but the truth is in the gospel. For there was a carnal circumcision, serving for a time until the great circumcision, that is, of baptism, which circumcises us from sins and seals us in the name of God. And there was a sabbath restraining us for the great sabbath, that is, for the rest of Christ, that in Christ we might rest from sins. And there was an irrational sheep being sacrificed, guiding us to the great and heavenly sheep sacrificed for us and "for the whole world." And there was a tithing being secured, so that the iota, the ten, the first element of the name of Jesus, might not escape us. 1.193 7. Since, therefore, they were led by the type and did not attain to the perfection proclaimed through the law and prophets and others and every book, they were cast out of the husbandry and the gentiles entered in, since those others could no longer be saved, unless they should return to the grace of the gospel. For all their ordinances have been abolished, with each testimony saying this, as it is in all scripture. And briefly from one testimony we will state the unpostponable and inviolable nature of the decision against them, as it is possible to see precisely the verdict against them, as it says, "whatever soul will not hear that prophet will be destroyed from its tribe and from Israel and from under heaven"; as the Lord was about to establish perfectly and for salvation the things mystically handed down through the law, and that the one not hearing him and not enduring him should not have salvation, even if he should do the law, since the law is not able to perfect man because its ordinances were written bodily and are truly fulfilled in Christ. Let this much have been said by me concerning Judaism. For I have mentioned a few things so as not to pass over their whole system in silence, but to show it in part. For to all, so to speak, the case against them and the refutation of them is manifest. And we have also shown the beginning, whence they had their introduction, that from the beginning, from the piety of Abraham the patriarch, the pious are called Abramites because they are of his seed, and from his descendant, I mean Jacob who is also Israel, Israelites; and from the days of David the

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ἕκτη βίβλος Ἰησοῦ τοῦ Ναυῆ ἑβδόμη τῶν Κριτῶν ὀγδόη τῆς Ῥοὺθ ἐνάτη τοῦ Ἰὼβ δεκάτη τὸ Ψαλτήριον ἑνδεκάτη Παροιμίαι Σολομῶντος δωδεκάτη Ἐκκλησιαστὴς τρισκαιδεκάτη τὸ ᾆσμα τῶν ᾀσμάτων τεσσαρεσκαιδεκάτη Βασιλειῶν πρώτη πεντεκαιδεκάτη Βασιλειῶν δευτέρα ἑκκαιδεκάτη Βασιλειῶν τρίτη ἑπτακαιδεκάτη Βασιλειῶν τετάρτη ὀκτωκαιδεκάτη Παραλειπομένων πρώτη ἐννεακαιδεκάτη Παραλειπομένων δευτέρα εἰκοστὴ τὸ ∆ωδεκαπρόφητον εἰκοστὴ πρώτη Ἠσαΐας ὁ προφήτης εἰκοστὴ δευτέρα Ἰερεμίας ὁ προφήτης μετὰ τῶν Θρήνων καὶ 1.192 ἐπιστολῶν αὐτοῦ τε καὶ τοῦ Βαροὺχ εἰκοστὴ τρίτη Ἰεζεκιὴλ ὁ προφήτης εἰκοστὴ τετάρτη ∆ανιὴλ ὁ προφήτης εἰκοστὴ πέμπτη Ἔσδρας ˉα, εἰκοστὴ ἕκτη Ἔσδρας ˉβ, εἰκοστὴ ἑβδόμη Ἐσθήρ. αὗταίεἰσιν αἱ εἴκοσι ἑπτὰ βίβλοι ἐκ θεοῦ δοθεῖσαι τοῖς Ἰουδαίοις· εἴκοσι δύο δέ εἰσιν ὡς τὰ παρ' αὐτοῖς στοιχεῖα τῶν Ἑβραϊκῶν γραμμάτων ἀριθμούμεναι διὰ τὸ διπλοῦσθαι δέκα βίβλους εἰς πέντε λογιζομένας. περὶ τούτου δὲ ἄλλῃ που σαφῶς εἰρήκαμεν. εἰσὶ δὲ καὶ ἄλλαι δύο βίβλοι παρ' αὐτοῖς ἐν ἀμφιλέκτῳ, ἡ Σοφία τοῦ Σιρὰχ καὶ ἡ τοῦ Σολομῶντος, χωρὶς ἄλλων τινῶν βιβλίων ἐναποκρύφων. πᾶσαι δὲ αὗται αἱ ἱεραὶ βίβλοι τὸν Ἰουδαϊσμὸν ἐδίδασκον καὶ τὰ τοῦ νόμου φυλάγματα ἕως τῆς τοῦ κυρίου ἡμῶν Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ παρουσίας. καὶ καλῶς ἐφέροντο παιδαγωγούμενοι ἐν τῷ νόμῳ, εἰ ἐδέξαντο τὸν Χριστὸν τὸν ὑπὸ τοῦ παιδαγωγοῦ, φημὶ δὲ τοῦ νόμου, αὐτοῖς προκηρυχθέντα τε καὶ προφητευθέντα, ἵνα δεξάμενοι αὐτοῦ τὴν θεότητα καὶ τὴν ἔνσαρκον αὐτοῦ παρουσίαν μάθωσιν οὐ κατάλυσιν νόμου, ἀλλὰ τὴν τοῦ νόμου πλήρωσιν, ἐπειδὴ οἱ τύποι ἐν τῷ νόμῳ ἦσαν, ἡ δὲ ἀλήθεια ἐν τῷ εὐαγγελίῳ. ἐκεῖ γὰρ περιτομὴ σαρκική, ὑπηρετήσασα χρόνῳ ἕως τῆς μεγάλης περιτομῆς, τουτέστι τοῦ βαπτίσματος τοῦ περιτέμνοντος ἡμᾶς ἀπὸ ἁμαρτημάτων καὶ σφραγίσαντος ἡμᾶς εἰς ὄνομα θεοῦ. καὶ ἦν ἐκεῖ σάββατον κατέχον ἡμᾶς εἰς τὸ μέγα σάββατον, τουτέστιν εἰς ἀνάπαυσιν Χριστοῦ, ἵνα ἐν Χριστῷ σαββατίσωμεν ἀπὸ ἁμαρτημάτων. καὶ ἦν ἐκεῖ πρόβατον ἄλογον θυόμενον, καθοδηγοῦν ἡμᾶς εἰς τὸ μέγα πρόβατον καὶ ἐπουράνιον ὑπὲρ ἡμῶν καὶ «ὑπὲρ ὅλου τοῦ κόσμου» τυθέν. καὶ ἦν ἐκεῖ ἀποδεκάτωσις ἀσφαλιζομένη, ἵνα μὴ λάθῃ ἡμᾶς τὸ ἰῶτα, ἡ δεκάς, τὸ πρῶτον στοιχεῖον τοῦ Ἰησοῦ ὀνόματος. 1.193 7. Ἐπεὶ οὖν τῷ τύπῳ ἤχθησαν καὶ οὐκ ἔφθασαν εἰς τελείωσιν τὴν διὰ νόμου καὶ προφητῶν καὶ ἄλλων καὶ πάσης βίβλου κεκηρυγμένην, ἐξεβλήθησαν ἀπὸ τῆς γεωργίας καὶ εἰσῆλθεν τὰ ἔθνη, ἐκείνων μηκέτι δυναμένων σωθῆναι, εἰ μή τι ἀνακάμψωσιν εἰς τὴν χάριν τοῦ εὐαγγελίου. πάντα γὰρ αὐτοῖς τὰ δικαιώματα κατήργηται, ἑκάστης μαρτυρίας τοῦτο λεγούσης, ὡς ἔχει ἐν πάσῃ γραφῇ. συντόμως δὲ ἀπὸ μιᾶς μαρτυρίας τὸ ἀνυπέρθετον καὶ ἀπαράβατον τῆς κατ' αὐτῶν ἀποφάσεως ἐροῦμεν, ὡς ἔστιν ἰδεῖν ἀκριβῶς τὴν κατ' αὐτῶν ψῆφον, καθώς φησιν «ἥτις ψυχὴ οὐκ ἀκούσεται τοῦ προφήτου ἐκείνου, ἐξολοθρευθήσεται ἀπὸ τῆς φυλῆς αὐτῆς καὶ ἐξ Ἰσραὴλ καὶ ὑποκάτωθεν τοῦ οὐρανοῦ»· ὡς τοῦ κυρίου μέλλοντος τὰ διὰ τοῦ νόμου μυστικῶς παραδοθέντα τελείως καὶ σωτηριωδῶς ἐπασφαλίζεσθαι, τὸν δὲ μὴ ἀκούοντα αὐτοῦ καὶ μὴ ἀνεχόμενον μὴ ἔχειν σωτηρίαν, κἄν τε τὸν νόμον ποιήσῃ, τοῦ νόμου μὴ δυναμένου τελειοῦν τὸν ἄνθρωπον διὰ τὸ σωματικῶς τὰ ἐν αὐτῷ δικαιώματα γεγράφθαι καὶ ἐν Χριστῷ ἀληθινῶς πληροῦσθαι. Ἕως τούτου μοι λελέχθω περὶ τοῦ Ἰουδαϊσμοῦ. καὶ γὰρ ὀλίγων ἐμνημόνευσα εἰς τὸ μὴ τὸ πᾶν αὐτῶν παρασιωπῆσαι, ἀλλὰ ἐν μέρει ὑποδεῖξαι. πᾶσι γὰρ ὡς εἰπεῖν πρόδηλός ἐστιν ἡ κατ' αὐτοὺς ὑπόθεσις καὶ ὁ πρὸς αὐτοὺς ἔλεγχος. ἐδείξαμεν δὲ καὶ τὴν ἀρχήν, πόθεν ἔσχον τὴν εἰσαγωγήν, ὅτι ἐξ ἀρχῆς ἐκ τῆς τοῦ Ἀβραὰμ τοῦ πατριάρχου θεοσεβείας Ἀβράμιοι καλοῦνται οἱ θεοσεβεῖς διὰ τὸ εἶναι αὐτοὺς ἐκ σπέρματος αὐτοῦ, ἀπὸ δὲ τοῦ ἐκγόνου αὐτοῦ, φημὶ δὲ Ἰακὼβ τοῦ καὶ Ἰσραήλ, Ἰσραηλῖται· ἐξ ἡμερῶν δὲ ∆αυὶδ τοῦ