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Ibid.: The Rhodians, having become masters of the sea, set up a stele, which they called the Colossus on account of its size. and for this reason they were named Colossians. The land of Carthage was founded by Carchedon the Tyrian. 31 Ibid.: Romulus first built a hippodrome in Rome, and divided the people into 4 parts, in honor of the 4 elements, and he designed the 12 gates after the model of the zodiacal circle, the track of the whole earth, and the Euripus of the sea with the earth in the middle; the turn toward the gates, the east, and the one toward the sphendone, the west, as Charax says; the seven laps, the course of the seven planets. He named the Blue faction after Venetia, in which blue colors are produced; and he joined to the Green, that is, the earth (which he named from *praisetai* because it remains), the White, that is, the air, because both require blending with each other. The Red, that is, fire, he subordinated to the blue, that is, to water, because fire yields to water. 32 Exc. De insid.: That Romulus, having become king of the Romans, was continually distinguished in wars, but disdainful towards the citizens, and especially towards the leading men of the senate. For he was beloved by the soldiers, both assigning them lands and giving them spoils; but he was not similarly disposed toward the senate; wherefore, hating him and surrounding him as he was speaking in the senate-house, they tore him apart and killed him. And a great storm in the air and an eclipse of the sun helped them to go unnoticed; which occurred just as it was coming into being. And Romulus, having ruled for 37 years, met such an end. And when he had thus vanished, the multitude and especially the soldiers sought for him. But they were at a loss, being able neither to tell what had been done, nor to appoint a king. Therefore, as they were in a turmoil and preparing to do something, a certain Julius Proculus, a knight, having dressed himself as if he had come from somewhere else, leapt into their midst and said: ‘Be not grieved, Quirites; for I myself saw Romulus ascending into heaven; and he told me to tell you both that he has become a god, and that he is named Quirinus, and to advise you to by all means immediately choose some king, and to use this form of government.’ When these things were said, they all believed and ceased from their disturbance; and they immediately built a temple to Quirinus, and while it seemed good to all to be ruled by a king, they were not, however, of one mind; for both the original Romans and those who had settled there from the Sabines each thought it right that a king should come from among themselves; and from this an interregnum occurred. For a whole year, at any rate, the senate held authority over public affairs, distributing a five-day rule in succession to the most distinguished of the senators, whom it named interreges. 33 Exc. Salmas.: King Numa ordered that the Roman kappa, which among the Greeks is rho, be imprinted on the shoes of the Roman patricians, who received their name from being fathers who cared for the community. Therefore the patricians wore the *kappagia*, since it was not permitted to be seen otherwise by the king. (2) The same man first made assaria from bronze and iron, while those before him fulfilled the need with pieces of pottery and leather, which he called *noumia* from his own name. The prison (?) the *noumeron* and the trenches, the sewers, are named after King Numa, as having been the first to devise them. 34 Exc. De ins.: That Priscus Tarquinius, the king of Rome, in the thirty-eighth year of his reign, having been killed by the sons of Marcius, who had previously ruled Rome, ceases from both his reign and his life at once. 35 Ibid.: That Servius Tullius, being adorned with most beneficial deeds, is destroyed in the forty-fourth year of his rule, treacherously murdered by Tarquinius Superbus, who was living with his, Servius's, daughter Tullia, and who drew his lineage from Tarquinius Priscus who had reigned before Servius; his wife, as they say, having participated in the pollution, and accursed hands to her father's

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Ibid.: Οἱ Ῥόδιοι θαλασσοκρατήσαντες στήλην ἔστησαν, ἣν διὰ τὸ μέγεθος Κολοσσὸν ἔλεγον. καὶ διὰ τοῦτο ὠνομάσθησαν Κολοσσαεῖς. Ἡ Καρχηδὼν χώρα ὑπὸ Καρχηδόνος τοῦ Τυρίου ἐκτίσθη. 31 Ibid.: Ῥωμύλος πρῶτος ἐν Ῥώμῃ ἔκτισεν ἱππικὸν, καὶ διεῖλε τὸν δῆμον εἰς μέρη δʹ, εἰς τιμὴν τῶν δʹ στοιχείων, καὶ τὰς ιβʹ θύρας κατὰ τύπον τοῦ ζωδιακοῦ κύκλου ἱστόρηκεν, τὸ δὲ πέλμα τῆς γῆς πάσης, καὶ τὸν Εὔριπον τῆς θαλάσσης ὑπὸ τῆς γῆς μεσαζομένης· τὸν ἐπὶ τὰς θύρας καμπτὸν, τὴν ἀνατολὴν, καὶ τὸν ἐπὶ τὴν σφενδόνην, τὴν δύσιν, ὥς φησι Χάραξ· τὰ ἑπτὰ σπάτια τὸν δρόμον τῶν ἑπτὰ πλανητῶν. Τὸ βένετον ἀπὸ Βενετίας ὠνόμασεν, ἐν ᾗ γίνονται κυανὰ χρώματα· καὶ προσεκόλλησε τῷ πρασίνῳ, ἤτοι τῇ γῇ (ὅπερ ἀπὸ τοῦ πραίσεται ὠνόμασε διὰ τὸ παραμένον), τὸ λευκὸν, ἤτοι τὸν ἀέρα, διότι ἑκάτερα τῆς ἀλλήλων συγκράσεως δέονται. Τὸ δὲ ῥούσιον, ἤτοι τὸ πῦρ, τῷ κυανῷ, ἤτοι τῷ ὕδατι, ὑπέταξε, διότι τὸ πῦρ ὑπείκει τῷ ὕδατι. 32 Exc. De insid.: Ὅτι Ῥωμύλος βασιλεύσας Ῥωμαίων διετέλει εἰς μὲν τοὺς πολέμους διαπρέπων, εἰς δὲ τοὺς πολίτας ὑπερφρονῶν, καὶ μάλιστα εἰς τοὺς τῆς βουλῆς ἐξέχοντας. Τοῖς μὲν γὰρ στρατευομέ νοις προσφιλὴς ἦν, καὶ χώρας αὐτοῖς νέμων, καὶ τῶν λαφύρων διδούς· πρὸς δὲ τὴν γερουσίαν οὐχ ὁμοίως διέκειτο· ὅθεν μισήσαντες αὐτὸν καὶ περιέχοντες ἐν τῷ βουλευτηρίῳ δημηγοροῦντα διεσπάραξάν τε καὶ διέφθειραν. Συνήρατο δὲ αὐτοῖς πρὸς τὸ λαθεῖν ζάλη μεγίστη τοῦ ἀέρος καὶ ἔκλειψις ἡλίου· ὅπερ ποῦ καὶ ὡς ἐγεννᾶτο γέγονε. Καὶ ὁ μὲν Ῥωμύλος αὐταρχήσας ζʹ καὶ λʹ ἔτη τοιοῦτον ἔσχε τὸ τέλος. Ἀφανισθέντος τε οὕτως αὐτοῦ, τὸ πλῆθος καὶ οἱ στρατιῶται μάλιστα ἐκεῖνον ἐζήτουν. Αὐτοὶ δ' ἐν ἀπόρῳ ἦσαν, μήτε ἐξειπεῖν τὸ πραχθὲν ἔχοντες, μήτε βασιλέα καταστῆσαι δυνάμενοι. Ταρασσομένων οὖν αὐτῶν, καί τι παρασκευαζομένων δράσαι, Ἰούλιός τις Πρόκλος, ἀνὴρ ἱππεὺς, στειλάμενος, ὡς καὶ ἑτέρωθέν ποθεν ἥκων, εἰσεπήδησεν ἐν τῷ μέσῳ, καὶ ἔφη· «Μὴ λυπεῖσθε Κυιρῖται· ἐγὼ γὰρ αὐτὸς τὸν Ῥωμύλον εἰς τὸν οὐρανὸν ἀνιόντα εἶδον· καί μοι ἔφη, εἰπεῖν τε ὑμῖν ὅτι θεὸς ἐγένετο, καὶ ὅτι Κυιρῖνος ὀνομάζεται, καὶ προσπαραινεῖσθαι ὑμῖν βασιλέα τε πάντως εὐθὺς ἑλέσθαι τινὰ, καὶ τούτῳ πολιτεύματι κεχρῆσθαι.» Λεχθέντων τούτων, ἅπαντες ἐπίστευσαν, καὶ τῆς ταραχῆς ἀπεπαύσαντο· εὐθέως τε ναὸν Κυιρίνῳ ᾠκοδόμησαν, καὶ πᾶσι μὲν ἐδόκει βασιλεύεσθαι, οὐ μέντοι καὶ ὡμοφρόνουν· οἵ τε γὰρ καταρχὰς Ῥωμαῖοι καὶ οἱ ἐκ τῶν Σαβίνων προσοικισθέντες, ἑκάτεροι ἐξ ἑαυτῶν βασιλέα γενέσθαι ἠξίουν· ἐκ τούτου τε ἀναρχία συνέβαινεν. Ἐνιαυτὸν γοῦν ὅλον ἡ σύγκλητος τὸ κῦρος τῶν κοινῶν εἶχε πραγμάτων, πενθήμερον ἀρχὴν τοῖς ἐπιφανεστάτοις τῶν βουλευτῶν ἐκ διαδοχῆς κατανέμουσα, οὓς μεσοβασιλεῖς ὠνόμασεν. 33 Exc. Salmas.: Νουμᾶς ὁ βασιλεὺς ἐκέλευσεν ἐν τοῖς ὑποδήμασι Ῥωμαίων τῶν πατρικίων τυποῦσθαι τὸ Ῥωμαϊκὸν κάππα, ὃ παρὰ τοῖς Ἕλλησιν ἐστὶ ῥὼ, οἳ διὰ τὸ τῶν κοινῶν ἐπιμελεῖσθαι πατέρων ἔσχον ἐπωνυμίαν. Ἐφόρουν οὖν οἱ πατρίκιοι τὰ καππάγια, ὡς οὐκ ἐξὸν ἄλλως ὁρᾶσθαι τῷ βασιλεῖ. (2) Ὁ αὐτὸς πρῶτος ἀπὸ χαλκοῦ καὶ σιδήρου ἐποίησεν ἀσσάρια, τῶν πρὸ αὐτοῦ δι' ὀστρακίνων καὶ σκυτίνων τὴν χρείαν πληρούντων, ἅπερ ἀπὸ τοῦ οἰκείου ὀνόματος νουμία ἐκάλεσε. Τὸ δεσμωτήριον (?) τὸ νούμερον καὶ τὰ ὀρύγματα οἱ ὑπόνομοι ἀπὸ τοῦ Νουμᾶ τοῦ βασιλέως ὀνομάζονται, ὡς πρώτου ἐπινοησαμένου αὐτά. 34 Exc. De ins.: Ὅτι Πρίσκος Ταρκύνιος ὁ τῆς Ῥώμης βασιλεὺς τριακοστῷ καὶ ὀγδόῳ τῆς βασιλείας ἔτει ὑπὸ τῶν Μαρκίου παίδων, τοῦ πρότερον δυναστεύσαντος τῆς Ῥώμης, ἀναιρεθεὶς, ὁμοῦ τε τῆς βασιλείας καὶ τοῦ βίου παύεται. 35 Ibid.: Ὅτι Σέρβιος Τούλλιος ἐπὶ βιωφελεστάταις πράξεσι κοσμούμενος, τετάρτῳ καὶ τεσσαρακοστῷ τῆς ἀρχῆς ἔτει διαφθείρεται, δολοφονηθεὶς ὑπὸ Ταρκυνίου Σουπέρβου, συνοικοῦντος μὲν τῇ αὐτοῦ Σερβίου θυγατρὶ Τουλλίᾳ, ἕλκοντος δὲ τὸ γένος ἀπὸ Ταρκυνίου Πρίσκου τοῦ πρὸ Σερβίου βασιλεύσαντος· συνεφαψαμένης, ὥς φασι, τῆς γυναικὸς τοῦ μιάσματος, καὶ χεῖρας ἐναγεῖς τῷ τοῦ πατρὸς