Anna Komnena, Alexias

having persevered at Thessalonica and set in order the affairs there, he returned as a brilliant victor. But those sent by the emperor, having met my father between Philippi and Amphipolis and having handed him the written imperial orders concerning him, taking Basilacius and leading him away to a certain place called Chlempina, near the spring there, they put out his eyes; from which cause the spring has been called Basilacius's spring even to this day. 1.9.6 This was a third labor for the great Alexios before his reign, as if for some Heracles. For if someone were to call this Basilacius an Erymanthian boar, and my most noble father Alexios some Heracles of our time, he would not be far from the truth. Let these be the advantages and successes before the throne for Alexios Komnenos, for all of which he received the reward from the emperor of the rank of sebastos, having been proclaimed sebastos from the midst of the senate.

1.10.1 Just as, I suppose, bodies that are ailing are sometimes harmed by external causes, but at other times the causes of their diseases gush forth from themselves, and we often blame irregularities of the environment and certain qualities of food for the generation of fevers, and sometimes also the putrefaction of humors; so indeed the wickedness of the Romans at that time now sprouted forth deadly pests, those aforementioned men, I mean Urselius and Basilacius and as many as made up the tyrannical multitude, and now fortune introduced certain external and foreign tyrants to it, an irresistible evil and an incurable disease, as indeed that infamous and arrogant Robert, notorious for his tyrannical mind, whom Normandy bore, but all manner of depravity both nourished and brought to birth. 1.10.2 But the Roman state drew such a great enemy upon itself, having given a pretext for wars from him through a marriage alliance with us that was of another race and barbarian and unsuitable for us, or rather, through the inattention of the then-ruler Michael, who traced his line of descent to the Doukai. And if I should criticize one of my own blood relations (for my maternal line flows from there), let no one be angry; for I have chosen above all to write the truth and on that account have held back the blame from all. For that aforementioned emperor, Michael Doukas, betrothed the daughter of this barbarian to his own son Constantine, and from this the enemy's affairs broke out. And concerning the son of this emperor Constantine, and the marriage contract concerning him, and the whole barbarian alliance, and indeed how the man was in beauty and stature and what sort he was in nature and character, we shall speak at the proper time, after I have lamented my own misfortunes a little after the narrative of this alliance and the defeat of the entire barbarian force and the destruction of the tyrants from Normandy, whom it nourished out of foolishness against the Romans. 1.10.3 But first it is necessary, tracing the account back from a higher point, to narrate the story of this Robert, of what family and fortune he was and to what power and height the course of events carried him, or rather, that I may speak more piously, to what point providence allowed him to advance, yielding to his malicious impulses and schemes. 1.10.4 This Robert was a Norman by race, of obscure fortune, tyrannical in mind, most cunning in soul, brave in hand, most formidable in attacking the wealth and property of great men, and most inescapable in accomplishing his ends, bringing his aims to an undeniable conclusion. As for his body, he was of such great size as to surpass even the greatest men, his skin ruddy, his hair blond, his shoulders broad, his eyes *** but fire from

τῇ Θεσσαλονίκῃ ἐγκαρτερήσας καὶ τὰ ἐν αὐτῇ καταστησάμενος λαμπρὸς στεφανίτης ἐπανῄει. Οἱ δὲ πρὸς τοῦ βασιλέως πεμφθέντες μεταξὺ Φιλίππων καὶ Ἀμφιπόλεως τὠμῷ πατρὶ συναντή σαντες τὰς περὶ αὐτοῦ ἐγγράφους προστάξεις βασιλικὰς αὐτῷ ἐγχειρίσαντες, παραλαβόντες τὸν Βασιλάκιον περί τι χωρίον Χλεμπίναν καλούμενον ἀπαγαγόντες ἐγγὺς τῆς ἐν αὐτῷ πηγῆς τοὺς ὀφθαλμοὺς αὐτοῦ ἐξορύττουσιν· ἐξ οὗ καὶ μέχρι τῆς δεῦρο ἡ πηγὴ Βασιλακίου κέκληται. 1.9.6 Τοῦτο τρίτον ἆθλον πρό γε τῆς βασιλείας καθάπερ τινὶ Ἡρακλεῖ τῷ μεγάλῳ Ἀλεξίῳ γεγένητο. Ἂν γάρ τις Ἐρυμάνθιονκάπρον τὸν Βασιλάκιον τοῦτον καλέσειεν, Ἡρακλέα δέ τινα καθ' ἡμᾶς γενναιότατον τὸν ἐμὸν πατέρα Ἀλέξιον, οὐκ ἂν ἁμάρτοιτο τῆς ἀληθείας. Ταῦτα μὲν ἔστω πλεονε κτήματα καὶ πρὸ τοῦ θρόνου κατορθώματα τῷ Κομνηνῷ Ἀλεξίῳ, ὧν ἁπάντων γέρας ἀπέλαβε παρὰ τοῦ αὐτοκρά τορος τὴν τοῦ σεβαστοῦ ἀξίαν σεβαστὸς ἀναρρηθεὶς ἐκ μέσης συγκλήτου.

1.10.1 Καθάπερ, οἶμαι, τὰ πονηρευόμενα τῶν σωμάτων πὴ μὲν ταῖς ἔξωθεν αἰτίαις κακοῦνται, ἔστι δ' ὅπου καὶ τὰ αἴτια τῶν νοσημάτων ἀφ' ἑαυτῶν ἀναβλύζουσι, καὶ αἰτιώ μεθα πολλάκις μὲν τὰς τοῦ περιέχοντος ἀνωμαλίας καί τινας τροφῶν ποιότητας πυρετῶν γενέσεις, ἐνίοτε δὲ καὶ χυμῶν σηπεδόνας· οὕτω δῆτα καὶ ἡ τῶν Ῥωμαίων κακότης κατ' ἐκεῖνο καιροῦ νῦν μὲν ἀνεβλάστησε θανατώδεις κῆρας τοὺς προειρημένους ἄνδρας ἐκείνους, λέγω δὴ Οὐρσελίους καὶ Βασιλακίους καὶ ὅσοι τὸ τυραννικὸν συνεπλήρουν πλῆθος, νῦν δὲ ἔξωθέν τινας καὶ ἐπεισάκτους τυράννους τὰ τῆς τύχης ταύτῃ ἐπεισηγάγετο ἀπρόσμαχόν τι κακὸν καὶ ἀνίατον νόσημα, καθά γε καὶ τὸν ἐπὶ τυραννικῇ γνώμῃ διαβόητον Ῥομπέρτον ἐκεῖνον τὸν ἀλαζόνα, ὃν Νορμανία μὲν ἤνεγκε, φαυλότης δὲ παντοδαπὴ καὶ ἐθρέψατο καὶ ἐμαίευσεν. 1.10.2 Ἡ δὲ Ῥωμαίων ἐχθρὸν τηλικοῦτον ἐφ' ἑαυτῆς εἵλκυσε πρόφασιν δεδωκυῖα τῶν ἀπ' ἐκείνου πολέ μων τοῖς πρὸς ἡμᾶς κῆδος ἑτερόφυλόν τε καὶ βάρβαρον καὶ τὰ πρὸς ἡμᾶς ἀπροσάρμοστον, μᾶλλον δὲ ἀπροσεξία τοῦ τότε κρατοῦντος Μιχαὴλ τοῦ τὰς τοῦ γένους σειρὰς πρὸς τοὺς ∆ούκας ἀνάπτοντος. Εἰ δὲ καὶ καθαπτοίμην τινὸς τῶν καθ' αἷμά μοι προσηκόντων (καὶ γὰρ κἀμοὶ τὰ πρὸς μητρὸς ἐκεῖθεν καταρρεῖ), νεμεσάτω μηδείς· τήν τε γὰρ ἀλήθειαν ἐξ ἁπάντων προειλόμην ξυγγράφειν καὶ ὅσον ἐπὶ τούτῳ τὰς ἐξ ἁπάντων μέμψεις ἀνεστειλάμην. Ἐκεῖνος γὰρ ὁ εἰρημένος αὐτοκράτωρ ὁ ∆ούκας Μιχαὴλ τὴν τοῦ βαρβάρου τούτου θυγατέρα εἰς τὸν ἑαυτοῦ υἱὸν κατηγγυήσατο Κωνσταντῖνον, κἀντεῦθεν ἀνερράγη τὰ τῶν πολεμίων. Καὶ περὶ μὲν τοῦ υἱέος τοῦ βασιλέως τουτουὶ Κωνσταντίνου καὶ τοῦ περὶ αὐτὸν γαμικοῦ συναλλάγματος καὶ ὅλως τοῦ βαρβαρικοῦ κήδους καὶ δὴ καὶ ὅπως εἶχε κάλλους τε καὶ μεγέθους ὁ ἀνὴρ καὶ ὁποῖος ἦν τὴν φύσιν καὶ ποδαπός, κατὰ καιρὸν ἐροῦμεν, ἐπειδὰν ἀπολοφυροίμην καὶ τὰς ἐμὰς συμφορὰς μικρὸν μετὰ τὴν τοῦ κήδους τούτου διήγησιν καὶ τὴν ἧτταν τῆς βαρβαρικῆς ἁπάσης δυνάμεως καὶ τὴν ἀπώλειαν τῶν Νορμανόθεν τυράννων, οὓς ἐξ ἀλογίας κατὰ τῆς τῶν Ῥωμαίων ἐθρέψατο. 1.10.3 Ἀλλὰ πρότερον δεῖ ἄνωθέν που τὸν λόγον ἀναγαγοῦσαν τὰ περὶ τοῦ Ῥομπέρτου τούτου διηγήσασθαι, ὅπως τε εἶχε γένους καὶ τύχης καὶ εἰς οἷον κράτος καὶ ὕψος ἡ φορὰ τῶν πραγμάτων τοῦτον ἀνήνεγκε, μᾶλλον δέ, ἵν' εὐσεβέ στερον φαίην, οὗ παρεχώρησε τοῦτον ἡ πρόνοια προελθεῖν ἐνδοῦσα πρὸς τὰς ἐκείνου κακοτρόπους ὁρμάς τε καὶ μη χανάς. 1.10.4 Ὁ δὲ Ῥομπέρτος οὗτος Νορμάνος τὸ γένος, τὴν τύχην ἄσημος, τὴν γνώμην τυραννικός, τὴν ψυχὴν πανουργότατος, τὴν χεῖρα γενναῖος, ἐπιθέσθαι μὲν δεινό τατος πλούτῳ καὶ περιουσίᾳ μεγάλων ἀνδρῶν, καταπρᾶξαι δὲ ἀφυκτότατος, ἐς τὸ ἀναντίρρητον τὰ τοῦ σκοποῦ περιάγων. Τὰ δὲ τοῦ σώματος τοσοῦτος εἰς μέγεθος, ὡς καὶ τῶν μεγίστων ὑπερανέχειν, πυρσὸς τὸ χρῶμα, τὴν κόμην ξανθός, τοὺς ὤμους εὐρύς, τοὺς ὀφθαλμοὺς *** ἀλλὰ πῦρ ἀπ'