the new covenant proclaimed through Jeremiah is alongside the first covenant, it is altogether necessary to use not the ancient laws, but the new ones. But the Pharisees, not wanting to understand this, lie in wait for the holy apostles and say to Christ about them: behold, we see those taught by you opposing the legal commandments; for while the law commands to rest on the Sabbath and to touch no work at all, the disciples are rubbing ears of grain with their hands. But you yourself tell me, O Pharisee, when you set your Sabbath table for yourself, do you not break the bread? Why then do you accuse others? But how does the Savior defend them? 153 Mt 12, 9- 14 Being impious, the Pharisees feigned piety, in order that they might destroy the pious. Therefore they also attempted to slander Christ and his disciples, seeing them being glorified by the miracles. 154 Mt 12, 23-28 Since, he says, I do not cast out demons by the ruler of the demons, as he showed by saying that every kingdom divided against itself is dissolved and destroyed, I therefore cast them out by the power of the Spirit, and for this reason the kingdom of God has drawn near. 155 Mt 12, 29 He calls the devil strong, not as being so by nature, but he indicates his tyranny, which he acquired from our laziness; and I plunder him, not allowing him to have men as worshipers, but persuading them to come to the knowledge of God. How then will he become my ally against himself? 156 Mt 12, 31-32 When someone sinned against a man, it was possible to entreat God for him, but when men blasphemed against God, it was not permitted to entreat for them. But since the Son of God, being seen as a man, even if he was God by nature, was not at all recognized by the foolish, he sometimes gives pardon to those sinning against him out of ignorance, but says that for those who sin against the Spirit, everlasting punishment is brought on. 157 Mt 12, 31-32 By "Spirit" he means the whole divinity of the Trinity; however, pardon is given to those who repent through the grace of the Spirit. But Christ, wanting to show the magnitude of the sin, spoke thus, since there is no unforgivable sin with God for those who genuinely and worthily repent. By "Spirit" he means the whole divinity of the Trinity; however, pardon is given to those who repent, being baptized through the grace of the Spirit. But Christ said this wanting to show the magnitude of the sin; for although it is often the custom for God either to exact penalties from sinners here only and not also there, according to "the Lord will not punish twice for the same thing," that is, to forbear in the present age, but not to give pardon there, yet for such people he says the punishment is indelible and unpardonable both here and there. 158 Mt 12, 34-35 When he says treasure, he indicates the multitude of things lying in the soul. But lest some should say that men are evil by nature, he showed this in the case of the Pharisees, that it is possible for the same one man to be at one time good, and at another evil, saying: the good man speaks out of the abundance of his heart, and likewise also the evil. 159 Mt 12, 35 Although the Lord said that being evil they cannot not speak evil things, he did not say this as if they were evil by nature, but as having been overcome by evil out of great folly. And although the Lord said that being evil they cannot speak good things, he did not say this as if they were evil by nature, but from their own chosen impulse. 160 Mt 12, 38 Since the signs that have occurred, they say, were of demons, which make their apparitions only upon the earth, you too perform a sign from heaven by your own power; for another evangelist said clearly that they asked him "from heaven" to perform a sign, which was fitting for divine power
παρὰ τὴν πρώτην διαθήκην ἐστὶν ἡ καινὴ ἡ διὰ Ἰερεμίου προκηρυχθεῖσα, δεῖ πάντως καὶ νόμοις οὐχὶ τοῖς ἀρχαίοις κεχρῆσθαι, ἀλλὰ τοῖς καινοῖς. ἀλλ' οἱ Φαρισαῖοι τοῦτο συνιδεῖν μὴ θελή σαντες ἐφεδρεύουσι τοῖς ἁγίοις ἀποστόλοις καί φασι περὶ αὐτῶν τῷ Χριστῷ· ἰδού, τοῖς νομικοῖς ἐντάλμασι ἐναντιουμένους ὁρῶμεν τοὺς ὑπὸ σοῦ παιδαγωγουμένους· τοῦ γὰρ νόμου κελεύοντος ἀργεῖν ἐν σαβ βάτῳ καὶ μηδενὸς παντάπασιν ἅπτεσθαι πόνου περιτρίβουσι ταῖς χερσὶν ἀστάχυας οἱ μαθηταί. σὺ δὲ αὐτὸς εἰπέ μοι, ὦ Φαρισαῖε, τὴν σαββατι κὴν ἑαυτῷ τράπεζαν παραθεὶς οὐ συνθραύεις τὸν ἄρτον; τί οὖν ἑτέρους αἰτιᾷ; πῶς δὲ καὶ ὁ σωτὴρ περὶ αὐτῶν ἀπολογεῖται; 153 Mt 12, 9- 14 Ἀσεβεῖς ὄντες οἱ Φαρισαῖοι ὑπεκρίνοντο τὴν εὐσέβειαν, ἵνα τοὺς εὐσεβεῖς ἐξολοθρεύσωσι. διὸ καὶ τὸν Χριστὸν διαβάλλειν ἐπεχείρουν καὶ τοὺς αὐτοῦ μαθητὰς ὁρῶντες αὐτοὺς λαμπρυνομένους τοῖς θαύμασιν. 154 Mt 12, 23-28 Ἐπειδή, φησίν, οὐκ ἐν τῷ ἄρχοντι τῶν δαιμόνων ἐκβάλλω τὰ δαιμόνια ὡς ἔδειξεν εἰπών, ὅτι πᾶσα βασιλεία καθ' ἑαυτῆς με ρισθεῖσα διαλύεταί τε καὶ φθείρεται, ἐν τῇ δυνάμει τοῦ πνεύματος ἄρα ἐκβάλλω αὐτὰ καὶ διὰ τοῦτο ἤγγικεν ἡ τοῦ θεοῦ βασιλεία. 155 Mt 12, 29 Ἰσχυρὸν δὲ καλεῖ τὸν διάβολον οὐχ ὡς φύσει τοῦτο ὄντα, ἀλλὰ τὴν αὐτοῦ τυραννίδα δηλοῖ, ἣν ἐκ τῆς ἡμετέρας ῥᾳθυμίας ἐκτήσατο· διαρπάζω δὲ αὐτόν, οὐκ ἐῶν ἔχειν προσκυνητὰς τοὺς ἀνθρώπους, ἀλλ' εἰς ἐπίγνωσιν τοῦ θεοῦ μεταπείθων ἐλθεῖν. πῶς οὖν σύμμαχός μοι γενήσεται καθ' ἑαυτοῦ; 156 Mt 12, 31-32 Ὅταν τις εἰς ἄνθρωπον ἡμάρτανε, δυνατὸν ἦν ὑπὲρ αὐτοῦ παρα καλέσαι τὸν θεόν, ὅταν δὲ εἰς θεὸν οἱ ἄνθρωποι ἐβλασφήμουν, οὐκ ἐξῆν ὑπὲρ αὐτῶν παρακαλέσαι. πλὴν ἐπειδὴ ὡς ἄνθρωπος ὁρώμενος ὁ τοῦ θεοῦ υἱός, εἰ καὶ φύσει θεὸς ἦν, οὐ πάνυ τι τοῖς ἀσυνέτοις ἐγνωρίζετο, δίδωσιν ἔσθ' ὅτε τοῖς ἐξ ἀγνοίας ἁμαρτάνουσιν εἰς αὐτὸν συγγνώμην, τοῖς δὲ εἰς τὸ πνεῦμα διηνεκῆ λέγει τὴν κόλασιν ἐπάγεσθαι. 157 Mt 12, 31-32 Πνεῦμα λέγων ὁλόκληρον τὴν τῆς τριάδος θεότητα· πλὴν δίδοται τοῖς μετανοοῦσιν διὰ τῆς τοῦ πνεύ ματος χάριτος συγγνώμη. ἀλλὰ τὸ μέγεθος θέλων δεῖξαι ὁ Χριστὸς τοῦ ἁμαρτήματος, οὕτως εἶπεν, ἐπεὶ οὐκ ἔστιν ἁμαρτία ἀσυγχώρητος παρὰ θεῷ ἐν τοῖς γνησίως καὶ κατ' ἀξίαν μετανοοῦσιν. Πνεῦμα λέγων ὁλόκληρον τὴν τῆς τριάδος θεότητα λέγει· πλὴν δίδοται τοῖς μετανοοῦσιν διὰ τῆς τοῦ πνεύματος χάριτος βαπτιζο μένοις συγγνώμη. ἀλλὰ τὸ μέγεθος θέλων δεῖξαι ὁ Χριστὸς τοῦ ἁμαρ τήματος εἶπεν τοῦτο· εἰ γὰρ καὶ ἔθος τῷ θεῷ πολλάκις ἢ ὧδε μόνον ἀπαιτῆσαι εὐθύνας τοὺς ἁμαρτή σαντας οὐ μὴν κἀκεῖ κατὰ τὸ "οὐκ ἐκδικήσει κύριος δὶς ἐπὶ τὸ αὐτό", ἤτοι ἀνεξικακῆσαι μὲν ἐν τῷ νῦν αἰῶνι, οὐ μὴν κἀκεῖθεν δοῦναι συγ γνώμην, ἀλλ' ἐπὶ τῶν τοιούτων ἀνεξ άλειπτον καὶ ἀσύγγνωστον καὶ ὧδε κἀκεῖ λέγει τὴν κόλασιν. 158 Mt 12, 34-35 Ὅταν λέγῃ θησαυρόν, τὸ πλῆθος ἐνδείκνυται τῶν ἐν τῇ ψυχῇ κειμένων. ἵνα δὲ μὴ εἴπωσί τινες ὅτι φύσει πεφύκασι πονηροὶ οἱ ἄν θρωποι, ἐπὶ τῶν Φαρισαίων τοῦτο ἐδήλωσεν, ὅτι δυνατὸν τὸν αὐτὸν καὶ ἕνα ἄνθρωπόν ποτε μὲν ἀγαθὸν γενέσθαι, ποτὲ δὲ κακόν, λέγων· ὁ ἀγαθὸς ἄνθρωπος ἐκ τοῦ περισσεύματος τῆς καρδίας αὐτοῦ λαλεῖ, ὁμοίως καὶ ὁ κακός. 159 Mt 12, 35 Εἰ καὶ εἶπεν ὁ κύριος, ὅτι πονηροὶ ὄντες οὐ δύνανται μὴ πονηρὰ λαλεῖν, οὐχ ὡς φύσει ὄν των αὐτῶν πονηρῶν τοῦτο εἶπεν, ἀλλ' ὡς ἐκ πολλῆς τῆς ἀνοίας κατα κρατηθέντων ὑπὸ τοῦ κακοῦ. Εἰ δὲ καὶ εἶπεν ὁ κύριος, ὅτι πονηροὶ ὄντες οὐ δύνανται ἀγα θὰ λαλεῖν, οὐχ ὡς φύσει ὄντων πονηρῶν τοῦτο εἶπεν, ἀλλ' ἐξ αὐτῶν προαιρετοῦ κινήματος. 160 Mt 12, 38 Ἐπειδὴ τὰ γεγονότα σημεῖα, φασίν, δαιμόνων ἦσαν, ἅπερ ἐπὶ μόνης τῆς γῆς ποιεῖ τὰς φαντασίας, ποίησον καὶ σὺ ἀπὸ τῆς σῆς δυνάμεως σημεῖον ἐξ οὐρανοῦ· ἕτερος γὰρ εὐαγγελιστὴς σαφῶς εἶπεν, ὅτι "ἐξ οὐρανοῦ" ᾔτουν αὐτὸν σημεῖον ποιῆσαι, ὅπερ τῇ θείᾳ δυνάμει ἔπρεπεν