into the desert, was in it, because his word and teaching were peculiar compared to what was customary and established among the Gentiles. And the crowds among the Gentiles, hearing that a word had come to their desert and that this one was unique, as we have previously shown, followed him from their own cities by each one having left behind the ancestral customs of superstition and having come to the law of Christ. And they followed him on foot and not in a boat, since they had followed the image of God not with the body, but with a bare soul and a will persuaded by the word. And to these indeed Jesus goes out, as they were unable to approach him, so that by being with those outside, he might bring those who are outside, inside. And the crowd outside was large, to which the word of God goes out, and pouring the light of his visitation upon it, he saw it, and seeing that they were worthy of being pitied rather because they were in such conditions, the impassible one, as a lover of mankind, suffered by being moved with compassion, and not only was he moved with compassion but he also healed their sick, who had various and manifold sicknesses from vice. 10.24 But if you wish to see what the sicknesses of the soul are, consider for me the lovers of money and the lovers of glory and the lovers of children and if there is anyone who is a lover of women; for seeing these also in the crowds and being moved with compassion for them, he healed them. But not every sin should be considered a sickness, but that which has lodged itself in the whole soul. For thus it is possible to see the lovers of money wholly intent upon money and its guarding and collection, and the lovers of glory upon vainglory, for they gape after the praise from the many and more vulgar. And you will understand the analogous thing in the case of the others we have named, and if there is anything else similar to these. Since, then, in explaining 'he healed their sick' we said that not every sin is a sickness, it is worthwhile to be instructed from scripture concerning the difference between these. Indeed the apostle says, writing to the Corinthians who have various sins: 'For this reason many among you are weak and sick, and a number have fallen asleep.' For hear in these words the conjunction 'and,' which weaves and makes a composite out of different sins, according to which some are weak, others are sick more than weak, and still others, beyond both, are those who sleep. For those who are prone to sin in any way on account of the soul's powerlessness, even if they are not wholly given to some type of sin like the sick, are only weak. But those who with their whole soul and whole heart and whole mind, instead of loving God, love money or vainglories or women or children, these have suffered more than a weakness and are sick. And those who sleep are they who, when it is necessary to pay attention and be watchful in the soul, not only do not do this, but from much inattentiveness are drowsy in their will and are sleepy in their thoughts; who 'in their dreamings defile the flesh, reject authority, and blaspheme the glorious ones.' And these, because they are asleep, are in empty fantasies and misleading dreams concerning things, not accepting what is real and true, but being deceived by what is in the empty fantasies. Concerning whom it is also said in Isaiah: 'as a thirsty man dreams that he is drinking, and when he arises he is still thirsty, and his soul has hoped in vain, so shall be the wealth of all the nations that have made war on Jerusalem.' Therefore, even if we seemed to have digressed, explaining the difference between the weak and the sick and those who sleep, because the apostle said in the letter to the Corinthians what we have set forth, we have made the digression because we wished to show what is signified intelligibly by 'and he healed their sick.' 10.25 After this, the account says that when evening had come, his disciples approached him, saying: The place is deserted and the hour has now passed; send the crowds away, therefore, so that they may go into the villages and buy food for themselves (14, 15[-21]). And first, indeed, observe that being about to
εἰς τὴν ἔρημον, ἦν ἐν αὐτῇ, τῷ ἰδιάζοντα εἶναι τὸν λόγον καὶ τὴν διδασκαλίαν αὐτοῦ παρὰ τὰ εἰθισμένα ἐν τοῖς ἔθνεσι γίνεσθαι καὶ νενομισμένα. Καὶ οἱ ἐν τοῖς ἔθνεσιν ὄχλοι ἀκούσαντες λόγον ἐπιδεδημηκέναι τῇ ἐρήμῳ αὐτῶν καὶ τοῦτον κατ' ἰδίαν τυγχάνειν, ὡς προα ποδεδώκαμεν, ἠκολούθησαν αὐτῷ ἀπὸ τῶν ἰδίων πόλεων τῷ ἕκαστον καταλελοιπέναι τὰ πάτρια τῆς δεισιδαιμονίας ἔθη καὶ τῷ τοῦ Χριστοῦ προσεληλυθέναι νόμῳ. Πεζῇ δὲ αὐτῷ καὶ οὐκ ἐν πλοίῳ ἠκολούθησαν, ἅτε μὴ τῷ σώματι, ἀλλὰ γυμνῇ τῇ ψυχῇ καὶ τῇ ἀπὸ τοῦ λόγου πεισθείσῃ προαιρέσει ἠκολουθηκότες τῇ εἰκόνι τοῦ θεοῦ. Καὶ πρὸς τούτους γε ὁ Ἰησοῦς ἐξέρχεται μὴ χωροῦντας προσιέναι πρὸς αὐτόν, ἵνα τοῖς ἔξω γενόμενος, ἔσω τοὺς ἔξω εἰσαγάγῃ. Πολὺς δὲ ὁ ἔξω ὄχλος, εἰς ὃν ἐξέρχεται ὁ τοῦ θεοῦ λόγος, καὶ ἐκχέας τὸ φῶς τῆς ἐπισκοπῆς αὐτοῦ εἰς αὐτὸν εἶδεν αὐτόν, καὶ ἰδὼν τοῦ ἐλεεῖσθαι μᾶλλον αὐτοὺς ἀξίους διὰ τὸ ἐν τοιοῖσδέ τισιν εἶναι, ὡς φιλάνθρωπος πέπονθεν ὁ ἀπαθὴς τῷ σπλαγχνισθῆναι, καὶ οὐ μόνον ἐσπλαγχνίσθη ἀλλὰ καὶ τοὺς ἀρρώστους αὐτῶν ἐθεράπευσεν ἔχοντας ποικίλα καὶ παντοδαπὰ ἀπὸ τῆς κακίας ἀρρωστήματα. 10.24 Εἰ δὲ θέλεις ἰδεῖν ποῖά ἐστι τὰ τῆς ψυχῆς ἀρρωστή ματα, κατανόει μοι τοὺς φιλαργύρους καὶ τοὺς φιλοδόξους καὶ τοὺς φιλόπαιδας καὶ εἴ τίς ἐστι φιλόγυνος· καὶ τούτους γὰρ ἐν τοῖς ὄχλοις ἰδὼν καὶ σπλαγχνισθεὶς ἐπ' αὐτοῖς ἐθεράπευσεν. Οὐ πᾶν δὲ ἁμάρτημα νομιστέον ἀρρωστίαν εἶναι, ἀλλ' ὅπερ ἐναπέσκηψεν ὅλῃ τῇ ψυχῇ. Οὕτω γὰρ ἔστιν ἰδεῖν τοὺς μὲν φιλαργύρους ὅλους τεταμένους ἐπὶ τὸ ἀργύριον καὶ τὴν τούτου φρουρὰν καὶ συναγωγήν, τοὺς δὲ φιλοδόξους ἐπὶ τὸ δοξάριον, κεχήνασι γὰρ περὶ τὸν ἀπὸ τῶν πολλῶν καὶ χυδαιοτέρων ἔπαινον. Καὶ τὸ ἀνάλογον νοήσεις ἐπὶ ὧν ὠνομάσαμεν λοιπῶν, καὶ εἴ τι ἄλλο τούτοις ἐστὶ παραπλήσιον. Ἐπεὶ οὖν διηγούμενοι τὸ ἐθεράπευσε τοὺς ἀρρώστους αὐτῶν εἴπομεν μὴ πᾶν ἁμάρτημα εἶναι ἀρρώσ τημα, ἄξιον ἀπὸ τῆς γραφῆς καὶ περὶ τῆς διαφορᾶς τούτων παραμυθήσασθαι. Φησὶ δὴ ὁ ἀπόστολος Κορινθίοις ποικίλα ἔχουσιν ἁμαρτήματα γράφων· «∆ιὰ τοῦτο ἐν ὑμῖν πολλοὶ ἀσθενεῖς καὶ ἄρρωστοι καὶ κοιμῶνται ἱκανοί.» Ἄκουε γὰρ ἐν τούτοις τοῦ «καὶ» συνδέσμου, πλέκοντος καὶ συμπε πλεγμένον ποιοῦντος ἐκ διαφόρων ἁμαρτημάτων, καθὸ οἱ μέν εἰσιν ἀσθενεῖς, ἕτεροι δὲ ἄρρωστοι πλέον ἢ ἀσθενεῖς, καὶ ἄλλοι παρ' ἀμφοτέρους οἱ κοιμώμενοι. Οἱ μὲν γὰρ ὀλισθηρῶς διὰ τὴν τῆς ψυχῆς ἀδυναμίαν πρὸς τὸ ὁτιποτοῦν ἁμαρτάνειν ἔχοντες, κἂν μὴ ὅλοι ὦσιν εἴδους τινὸς ἁμαρτίας ὡς οἱ ἄρρωστοι, ἀσθενεῖς εἰσι μόνον. Οἱ δὲ ὅλῃ ψυχῇ καὶ ὅλῃ καρδίᾳ καὶ ὅλῃ διανοίᾳ, ἀντὶ τοῦ τὸν θεὸν ἀγαπᾶν, ἀγαπῶντες ἀργύρια ἢ δοξάρια ἢ γύναια ἢ παῖδας, οὗτοι πλέον ἢ ἀσθενείας πεπόνθασιν καί εἰσιν ἄρρωστοι. Κοιμῶνται δὲ οἱ, δέον προσέχειν καὶ ἐγρηγορέναι τῇ ψυχῇ, τοῦτο μὲν οὐ ποιοῦντες, ἀπὸ δὲ πολλῆς ἀπροσεξίας νυστάζοντες τὴν προαίρεσιν καὶ ὑπνώττοντες τοῖς λογισμοῖς· οἵτινες «ἐνυ πνιαζόμενοι σάρκα μὲν μιαίνουσι, κυριότητα δὲ ἀθετοῦσι, δόξας δὲ βλασφημοῦσιν». Οὗτοι δὲ διὰ τὸ κοιμᾶσθαι ἐν κεναῖς εἰσι φαντασίαις καὶ παραβαλλομέναις ἐνυπνίοις, ταῖς περὶ τῶν πραγμάτων, τὰ μὲν ὕπαρ καὶ ἀληθῆ οὐκ ἀποδεχόμενοι, ὑπὸ δὲ τῶν ἐν ταῖς κεναῖς φαντασίαις ἀπατώ μενοι. Περὶ ὧν καὶ ἐν τῷ Ἡσαΐᾳ λέγεται τὸ «ὃν τρόπον ἐνυπνιάζεται ὁ διψῶν ὡς ὁ πίνων, καὶ ἐξαναστὰς ἔτι διψᾷ, ἡ δὲ ψυχὴ αὐτοῦ εἰς κενὸν ἤλπισεν, οὕτως ἔσται ὁ πλοῦτος πάντων τῶν ἐθνῶν ὅσοι ἐπεστράτευσαν ἐν Ἱερουσαλήμ». Εἰ καὶ ἐδόξαμεν οὖν παρεκβεβηκέναι, διηγούμενοι διαφορὰν ἀσθενῶν καὶ ἀρρώστων καὶ κοιμωμένων, διὰ τὸ τὸν ἀπόσ τολον ἐν τῇ πρὸς Κορινθίους εἰρηκέναι ἃ ἐξεθέμεθα, τὴν παρέκβασιν πεποιήμεθα βουληθέντες παραστῆσαι τί σημαίνε ται νοητὸν ἐκ τοῦ καὶ ἐθεράπευσε τοὺς ἀρρώστους αὐτῶν. 10.25 Μετὰ τοῦτό φησιν ὁ λόγος ὅτι ὀψίας δὲ γενομένης προσῆλθον αὐτῷ οἱ μαθηταὶ αὐτοῦ λέγοντες· ἔρημός ἐστιν ὁ τόπος καὶ ἡ ὥρα παρῆλθεν ἤδη· ἀπόλυσον οὖν τοὺς ὄχλους, ἵνα ἀπελθόντες εἰς τὰς κώμας ἀγοράσωσιν ἑαυτοῖς βρώματα (14, 15[-21]). Καὶ πρῶτόν γε τήρησον ὅτι μέλλων τοὺς