becomes inimitable, so that I become so great that no one is like me in character, in speech, in deeds, in wisdom, then I am able to say, because I alone am such and no one has imitated me, the "I sat alone". It is possible therefore, for you, though not a presbyter and not a bishop nor honored with any ecclesiastical honor, to say this, to emulate the "I sat alone" and to take up a life so as to say: "I sat alone". "Because I was filled with bitterness." If "narrow and afflicted is the way that leads to life," you must be filled with bitterness in this life, you can enjoy nothing sweet. Or do you not know that your festival is with bitter herbs? For when you celebrate the festival, he says, "you shall eat unleavened bread with bitter herbs." What the word means by saying that one celebrating the festival to God must eat "unleavened bread with bitter herbs," must be understood. The apostle explained the unleavened bread, the interpretation is not mine; but the consequence of the interpretation must be similar to the apostolic explanation. The apostle explained about the unleavened bread, saying: "let us celebrate the festival not with old leaven, nor with the leaven of malice and wickedness, but with the unleavened bread of sincerity and truth." It is necessary to give the meaning about the bitter herbs consistently with the unleavened bread being sincerity and truth. Have sincerity and truth, and you will have bitter herbs, and you eat the unleavened bread of sincerity and truth with bitter herbs. For example Paul, since he ate the unleavened bread of sincerity and truth, also ate bitter herbs. How did he eat bitter herbs? by saying "I have become your enemy by telling you the truth." How did he eat bitter herbs? "in labor and toil, and in sleeplessness often, in hunger and thirst, apart from the external things." Or was this not truth with bitter herbs, unleavened bread with bitter herbs? The law, therefore, said: "you shall eat unleavened bread with bitter herbs"; and it did not say: you shall eat unleavened bread with bitter herbs, until you are filled, as has been said in other cases: "you shall eat and you will be filled." But the prophet intensifies it, saying that I did not eat bitterness, but "I was filled with bitterness"; I partook of bitter things with all my might, so that I partook of the fullest bitter herbs. 14.17 "Why do those who hate me prevail?" He had many troubles, he suffered from those not willing to hear the truth, and they were more powerful than him here in this age, since the kingdom of God is not of this age, but from the better regions, as the Savior says: "if my kingdom were of this world, my servants would have fought, that I might not be handed over to the Jews." Those who grieved the prophet, therefore, prevailed over him in this world. For that they are strong, look at the martyrs. The judge sits judging and living luxuriously in the court; the Christian, in whom Christ is judged, was filled with bitterness and is oppressed by the unjust one and is condemned. 14.18 "My wound is severe, from where shall I be healed?" Those who prevail over me strike me, and my wound is severe. whether it prophesies the cross of the Lord (for the cross is a severe wound, as far as those who crucify him are concerned), <or whether it is said> of all the just who receive a severe wound, or whether you hear this also about the prophet (for he himself also suffered the things written in the prophecy), it accepts the same meaning according to the wording that says: "my wound is severe." "from where shall I be healed?" And if the Savior says: "from where shall I be healed," he prophesies the resurrection from the dead after the severe wound, and if it is taken to be about the just man, after the wounds there is again a healing. "it has become to me <as deceitful water,> having no faithfulness"; for the wound does not remain, but passes away. "Therefore thus says the Lord: if you return, I will also restore you." These things are said again to each one, whom God will exhort to return to him. But a mystery seems to me to be signified here in the "I will restore you." No one is restored to a place where he has never been at all, but restoration is to one's own things. For example if my joint becomes dislocated
γένηται δυσμί μητος, ὥστε με τηλικοῦτον γενέσθαι, ὡς μηδένα παραπλήσιον εἶναί μου τῷ ἤθει, τῷ λόγῳ, ταῖς πράξεσι, τῇ σοφίᾳ, τότε δύναμαι λέγειν παρὰ τὸ μόνος εἶναι τοιόσδε καὶ μηδένα μιμήσασθαί με τὸ «κατὰ μόνας ἐκαθήμην». ἔξεστιν οὖν καὶ μὴ ὄντα σε πρεσβύτερον καὶ μὴ ὄντα σε ἐπίσκοπον μηδέ τινι τιμῇ ἐκκλησιαστικῇ τετιμημένον εἰπεῖν τοῦτο, τὸ «κατὰ μόνας ἐκαθήμην» ζηλῶσαι καὶ βίον ἀναλαβεῖν ὥστε εἰπεῖν· «κατὰ μόνας ἐκαθήμην». «Ὅτι πικρίας ἐνεπλήσθην». εἰ «στενὴ καὶ τεθλιμμένη ἡ ὁδὸς ἡ ἀπάγουσα εἰς τὴν ζωήν», δεῖ σε πικρίας ἐμπλησθῆναι ἐν τῷ βίῳ τούτῳ, οὐδενὸς δύνασαι γλυκέος ἀπολαῦσαι. ἢ οὐκ οἶδας ὅτι ἡ ἑορτή σου μετὰ πικρίδων γίνεται; ὅταν γὰρ ἑορτάζῃς, «ἄζυμα» φησὶν «ἐπὶ πικρίδων φάγεσαι». τί βούλεται ὁ λόγος λέγων ὅτι δεῖ τὸν ἑορτάζοντα τῷ θεῷ «ἄζυμα ἐπὶ πικρίδων» ἐσθίειν, κατανοητέον. τὰ μὲν ἄζυμα διηγήσατο ὁ ἀπόστολος, οὐκ ἔστιν ἐμὴ ἡ ἑρμηνεία· τὸ δὲ ἀκόλουθον τῆς ἑρμηνείας ἀναγκαῖόν ἐστι παραπλήσιον εἶναι τῇ ἀπο στολικῇ διηγήσει. ὁ ἀπόστολος τὰ περὶ τῶν ἀζύμων διηγήσατο λέγων· «ἑορτάζωμεν μὴ ἐν ζύμῃ παλαιᾷ μηδὲ ἐν ζύμῃ κακίας καὶ πονηρίας, ἀλλ' ἐν ἀζύμοις εἰλικρινείας καὶ ἀληθείας». δέον ἐστὶν ἀπο δοῦναι τὸν λόγον περὶ τῶν πικρίδων ἀκολούθως τῷ τὰ ἄζυμα εἶναι εἰλικρινείας καὶ ἀληθείας. ἔχε δὲ εἰλικρίνειαν καὶ ἀλήθειαν, καὶ πικρί δες ἔσονταί σοι, καὶ ἐσθίεις μετὰ πικρίδων τὰ ἄζυμα τῆς εἰλικρινείας καὶ ἀληθείας. οἷον Παῦλος, ἐπειδήπερ ἤσθιε τὰ ἄζυμα εἰλικρινείας καὶ ἀληθείας, καὶ πικρίδας ἤσθιε. πῶς πικρίδας ἤσθιε; λέγων «ἐχθρὸς ὑμῶν γέγονα ἀληθεύων ὑμῖν». πῶς πικρίδας ἤσθιεν; «ἐν κόπῳ καὶ μόχθῳ, καὶ ἐν ἀγρυπνίαις πολλάκις, ἐν λιμῷ καὶ δίψει, χωρὶς τῶν παρεκτός». ἢ ταῦτα οὐκ ἦν ἀλήθεια μετὰ πικρίδων, ἄζυμα μετὰ πι κρίδων; ὁ μὲν οὖν νόμος εἶπεν· «ἄζυμα μετὰ πικρίδων ἔδεσθε»· καὶ οὐκ εἶπεν· ἄζυμα μετὰ πικρίδων ἔδεσθε, ἕως ἐμπλησθῆτε, ὥσπερ ἐπί τ<ιν>ων ἄλλων λέλεκται· «φάγεσθε καὶ ἐμπλησθήσεσθε». ὁ <δὲ> προ φήτης προσεπιτείνει λέγων ὅτι οὐχὶ πικρίαν ἔφαγον, ἀλλὰ «πικρίας ἐνεπλήσθην»· ὅση δύναμις τῶν πικρῶν μετελάμβανον πραγμάτων, ὥστε με[τὰ] πληρεστάτων πικρίδων μεταλαβεῖν. 14.17 «Ἵνα τί οἱ μισοῦντές με κατισχύουσι»; πολλὰ ἔσχε πράγματα, ἔπασχεν ἀπὸ τῶν <μὴ> θελόντων ἀκούειν τὸ ἀληθές, καὶ ἦσαν αὐτοῦ ἐκεῖνοι δυνατώτεροι [δὲ] ἐνταῦθα ἐν τῷ αἰῶνι τούτῳ, ἐπειδὴ οὐκ ἔστιν ἡ βασιλεία τοῦ θεοῦ ἐκ τοῦ αἰῶνος τούτου, ἀλλὰ ἀπὸ τῶν κρειττόνων χωρίων, ὥς φησιν ὁ σωτήρ· «εἰ ἦν ἐκ τοῦ κόσμου τούτου ἡ βασιλεία ἡ ἐμή, οἱ ὑπηρέται οἱ ἐμοὶ ἠγωνίζοντο ἄν, ἵνα μὴ παραδοθῶ τοῖς Ἰουδαίοις». οἱ λυποῦντες οὖν τὸν προφήτην κατίσχυον αὐτοῦ ἐν τῷ κόσμῳ τούτῳ. ὅτι γὰρ ἰσχύουσι, βλέπετε τοὺς μάρ τυρας. ὁ δικαστὴς καθέζεται δικάζων καὶ τρυφῶν ἐν τῷ δικαστη ρίῳ· ὁ Χριστιανός, ἐν ᾧ ἐστι Χριστὸς δικαζόμενος, πικρίας ἐνε πλήσθη καὶ καταδεδυνάστευται ὑπὸ τοῦ ἀδίκου καὶ καταδικάζεται. 14.18 «Ἡ πληγή μου στερεά, πόθεν ἰαθήσομαι;» οἱ κατισχύοντές με πλήσσουσί με, καὶ ἡ πληγή μου ἐστὶ στερεά. εἴτε προφητεύει τὸν σταυρὸν τοῦ κυρίου (στερεὰ γὰρ πληγή ἐστιν ὁ σταυρός, ὅσον ἐπὶ τοῖς σταυροῦσιν αὐτόν), <εἴτε περὶ> πάντων τῶν δικαίων λέγεται ἐν οἷς πληγὴν στερεὰν λαμβάνει, εἴτε καὶ ἐπὶ τοῦ προφήτου ἀκούεις τοῦτο (καὶ γὰρ καὶ αὐτὸς πέπονθε τὰ ἀναγεγραμμένα ἐν τῇ προφητείᾳ), τ<ὸν> αὐτὸν ἐπιδέχεται [τὸν] νοῦν κατὰ τὴν λέγουσαν λέξιν· «ἡ πληγή μου στερεά». «πόθεν ἰαθήσομαι;» κἂν ὁ σωτὴρ λέγῃ· «πόθεν ἰαθήσομαι», τὴν ἀνάστασιν τὴν ἐκ νεκρῶν προφητεύει μετὰ τὴν στε ρεὰν πληγήν, κἂν ἐπὶ τοῦ δικαίου δὲ λαμβάνηται, μετὰ τὰς πληγὰς γίνεται πάλιν ἴασις. «γινομένη ἐγενήθη μοι <ὡς ὕδωρ ψευδές,> οὐκ ἔχον πίστιν»· οὐ γὰρ μένει ἡ πληγή, ἀλλὰ παρέρχεται. «∆ιὰ τοῦτο τάδε λέγει κύριος· ἐὰν ἐπιστρέψῃς, καὶ ἀποκαταστήσω σε». ταῦτα πάλιν λέγεται πρὸς ἕκαστον, ὃν παρακαλέσει ὁ θεὸς ἐπι στρέψαι πρὸς αὐτόν. μυστήριον δέ μοι δοκεῖ ἐνταῦθα δηλοῦσθαι ἐν τῷ «ἀποκαταστήσω σε». οὐδεὶς ἀποκαθίσταται εἴς τινα τόπον μη δαμῶς ποτε γενόμενος ἐκεῖ, ἀλλ' ἡ ἀποκατάστασίς ἐστιν εἰς τὰ οἰκεῖα. οἷον ἔξαρθρόν μου ἐὰν γένηται