19

of the antiquity of the dogmas of our teaching and of the evangelical life of the Christians, and not only that, but also whatever things concern his recent appearance, both the things before his passion and the things concerning the choice of the apostles, we have discussed in the preceding book, summarizing the proofs. 2.pref.2 But come, in the present book let us now consider the events after his ascension, noting some from the divine scriptures, and adding from external sources the accounts which we shall mention in their proper place. 2.1.1 First, therefore, Matthias is chosen by lot for the apostolate in place of the traitor Judas, he too being one of the Lord's disciples, as has been shown. And by prayer and the laying on of the apostles' hands, seven approved men were appointed to the diaconate for the service of the community, those with Stephen; who, first after the Lord, at the same time as his ordination, as if brought forth for this very purpose, was stoned to death by the killers of the Lord, and in this way he first carried off the crown (stephanos) of Christ's worthy martyrs that bears his name. 2.1.2 Then indeed also James, who was called the brother of the Lord, because he too was called a child of Joseph, and Joseph was the father of Christ, to whom the virgin was betrothed, before they came together, she was found to be with child from the Holy Spirit, as the sacred scripture of the gospels teaches; this very James, therefore, whom the men of old on account of the pre-eminence of his virtue were accustomed to call the Just, they relate was the first to be entrusted with the throne of the episcopate of the church 2.1.3 in Jerusalem; Clement in the sixth book of his Hypotyposeis, writing, presents it thus: "For," he says, "Peter and James and John, after the ascension of the Savior, though they had been preferred by the Savior, did not contend for glory, but chose James the Just as bishop of Jerusalem." 2.1.4 And the same author, in the seventh book of the same work, says these things further about him: "To James the Just and to John and Peter the Lord delivered the Gnosis after the resurrection; these delivered it to the rest of the apostles, and the rest of the apostles to the seventy, of whom 2.1.5 one was also Barnabas. But there were two Jameses, one the Just, who was thrown from the pinnacle and beaten to death with a fuller's club, and the other who was beheaded." And Paul also mentions this same Just one, writing: "But I saw none of the other apostles, except James the brother 2.1.6 of the Lord." During these times also the promise of our Savior to the king of the Osroenes was fulfilled. For Thomas, by a divine impulse, sent Thaddeus to Edessa as a preacher and evangelist of the teaching concerning Christ, as we showed a little before from the letter found there. 2.1.7 And he, arriving in those parts, both healed Abgar by the word of Christ and astounded all the people there with his marvelous miracles. And having sufficiently prepared them by his works and led them to reverence the power of Christ, he made them disciples of the saving doctrine. And from that time until now the whole city of the Edessenes is dedicated to the name of Christ, furnishing no small proof of our Savior's 2.1.8 beneficence toward them also. And let these things be told as from ancient history; let us now return again to the divine Scripture. After the martyrdom of Stephen, when the first and greatest persecution was started by the Jews themselves against the church in Jerusalem and all the disciples except the twelve alone were scattered throughout Judea and Samaria, some, as the divine Scripture says, went as far as Phoenicia and Cyprus and Antioch, but did not yet dare to share the word of faith with the Gentiles, but proclaimed it to Jews only. 2.1.9 At that time Paul was still ravaging the church, entering the houses of the faithful and dragging off men and 2.1.10 women and to prison

19

τῆς ἡμετέρας διδασκαλίας δογμάτων ἀρχαιότητός τε τῆς κατὰ Χριστιανοὺς εὐαγγελικῆς πολιτείας, οὐ μὴν ἀλλὰ καὶ ὅσα περὶ τῆς γενομένης ἔναγχος ἐπιφανείας αὐτοῦ, τά τε πρὸ τοῦ πάθους καὶ τὰ περὶ τῆς τῶν ἀποστόλων ἐκλογῆς, ἐν τῷ πρὸ τούτου, συντεμόντες τὰς ἀποδείξεις, διειλήφαμεν· 2.πρεφ.2 φέρε δ', ἐπὶ τοῦ παρόντος ἤδη καὶ τὰ μετὰ τὴν ἀνάληψιν αὐτοῦ διασκεψώμεθα, τὰ μὲν ἐκ τῶν θείων παρασημαινόμενοι γραμμάτων, τὰ δ' ἔξωθεν προσιστοροῦντες ἐξ ὧν κατὰ καιρὸν μνημονεύσομεν ὑπομνημάτων. 2.1.1 Πρῶτος τοιγαροῦν εἰς τὴν ἀποστολὴν ἀντὶ τοῦ προδότου Ἰούδα κληροῦται Ματθίας, εἷς καὶ αὐτός, ὡς δεδήλωται, τῶν τοῦ κυρίου γενόμενος μαθητῶν. καθίστανται δὲ δι' εὐχῆς καὶ χειρῶν ἐπιθέσεως τῶν ἀποστόλων εἰς διακονίαν ὑπηρεσίας ἕνεκα τοῦ κοινοῦ ἄνδρες δεδοκιμασμένοι, τὸν ἀριθμὸν ἑπτά, οἱ ἀμφὶ τὸν Στέφανον· ὃς καὶ πρῶτος μετὰ τὸν κύριον ἅμα τῇ χειροτονίᾳ, ὥσπερ εἰς αὐτὸ τοῦτο προαχθείς, λίθοις εἰς θάνατον πρὸς τῶν κυριοκτόνων βάλλεται, καὶ ταύτῃ πρῶτος τὸν αὐτῷ φερώνυμον τῶν ἀξιονίκων τοῦ Χριστοῦ μαρτύρων ἀποφέρεται 2.1.2 στέφανον. τότε δῆτα καὶ Ἰάκωβον, τὸν τοῦ κυρίου λεγόμενον ἀδελφόν, ὅτι δὴ καὶ οὗτος τοῦ Ἰωσὴφ ὠνόμαστο παῖς, τοῦ δὲ Χριστοῦ πατὴρ ὁ Ἰωσήφ, ᾧ μνηστευθεῖσα ἡ παρθένος, πρὶν ἢ συνελθεῖν αὐτούς, εὑρέθη ἐν γαστρὶ ἔχουσα ἐκ πνεύματος ἁγίου, ὡς ἡ ἱερὰ τῶν εὐαγγελίων διδάσκει γραφή· τοῦτον δὴ οὖν αὐτὸν Ἰάκωβον, ὃν καὶ δίκαιον ἐπίκλην οἱ πάλαι δι' ἀρετῆς ἐκάλουν προτερήματα, πρῶτον ἱστοροῦσιν τῆς ἐν Ἱεροσολύμοις ἐκκλη2.1.3 σίας τὸν τῆς ἐπισκοπῆς ἐγχειρισθῆναι θρόνον· Κλήμης ἐν ἕκτῳ τῶν Ὑποτυπώσεων γράφων ὧδε παρίστησιν· «Πέτρον γάρ φησιν καὶ Ἰάκωβον καὶ Ἰωάννην μετὰ τὴν ἀνάληψιν τοῦ σωτῆρος, ὡς ἂν καὶ ὑπὸ τοῦ σωτῆρος προτετιμημένους, μὴ ἐπιδικάζεσθαι δόξης, ἀλλὰ Ἰάκωβον τὸν δίκαιον ἐπίσκοπον τῶν Ἱεροσολύμων ἑλέσθαι.» 2.1.4 ὁ δ' αὐτὸς ἐν ἑβδόμῳ τῆς αὐτῆς ὑποθέσεως ἔτι καὶ ταῦτα περὶ αὐτοῦ φησιν· «Ἰακώβῳ τῷ δικαίῳ καὶ Ἰωάννῃ καὶ Πέτρῳ μετὰ τὴν ἀνάστασιν παρέδωκεν τὴν γνῶσιν ὁ κύριος, οὗτοι τοῖς λοιποῖς ἀποστό λοις παρέδωκαν, οἱ δὲ λοιποὶ ἀπόστολοι τοῖς ἑβδομήκοντα· ὧν 2.1.5 εἷς ἦν καὶ Βαρναβᾶς. δύο δὲ γεγόνασιν Ἰάκωβοι, εἷς ὁ δίκαιος, ὁ κατὰ τοῦ πτερυγίου βληθεὶς καὶ ὑπὸ γναφέως ξύλῳ πληγεὶς εἰς θάνατον, ἕτερος δὲ ὁ καρατομηθείς.» αὐτοῦ δὴ τοῦ δικαίου καὶ ὁ Παῦλος μνημονεύει γράφων· «ἕτερον δὲ τῶν ἀποστόλων οὐκ εἶδον, εἰ μὴ Ἰάκωβον τὸν ἀδελφὸν 2.1.6 τοῦ κυρίου.» ἐν τούτοις καὶ τὰ τῆς τοῦ σωτῆρος ἡμῶν πρὸς τὸν τῶν Ὀσροηνῶν βασιλέα τέλος ἐλάμβανεν ὑποσχέσεως. ὁ γοῦν Θωμᾶς τὸν Θαδδαῖον κινήσει θειοτέρᾳ ἐπὶ τὰ Ἔδεσσα κήρυκα καὶ εὐαγγελιστὴν τῆς περὶ τοῦ Χριστοῦ διδασκαλίας ἐκπέμπει, ὡς ἀπὸ τῆς εὑρεθείσης αὐτόθι γραφῆς μικρῷ πρόσθεν 2.1.7 ἐδηλώσαμεν· ὃ δὲ τοῖς τόποις ἐπιστάς, τόν τε Ἄβγαρον ἰᾶται τῷ Χριστοῦ λόγῳ καὶ τοὺς αὐτόθι πάντας τοῖς τῶν θαυμάτων παραδόξοις ἐκπλήττει. ἱκανῶς τε αὐτοὺς τοῖς ἔργοις διαθεὶς καὶ ἐπὶ σέβας ἀγαγὼν τῆς τοῦ Χριστοῦ δυνάμεως, μαθητὰς τῆς σωτηρίου διδασκαλίας κατεστήσατο. εἰς ἔτι τε νῦν ἐξ ἐκείνου ἡ πᾶσα τῶν Ἐδεσσηνῶν πόλις τῇ Χριστοῦ προσανάκειται προσηγορίᾳ, οὐ τὸ τυχὸν ἐπιφερομένη δεῖγμα τῆς τοῦ σωτῆρος 2.1.8 ἡμῶν καὶ εἰς αὐτοὺς εὐεργεσίας. καὶ ταῦτα δ' ὡς ἐξ ἀρχαίων ἱστορίας εἰρήσθω· μετίωμεν δ' αὖθις ἐπὶ τὴν θείαν γραφήν. γενομένου δῆτα ἐπὶ τῇ τοῦ Στεφάνου μαρτυρίᾳ πρώτου καὶ μεγίστου πρὸς αὐτῶν Ἰουδαίων κατὰ τῆς ἐν Ἱεροσολύμοις ἐκκλησίας διωγμοῦ πάντων τε τῶν μαθητῶν πλὴν ὅτι μόνων τῶν δώδεκα ἀνὰ τὴν Ἰουδαίαν τε καὶ Σαμάρειαν διασπαρέντων, τινὲς, ᾗ φησιν ἡ θεία γραφή, διελθόντες ἕως Φοινίκης καὶ Κύπρου καὶ Ἀντιοχείας, οὔπω μὲν ἔθνεσιν οἷοί τε ἦσαν τοῦ τῆς πίστεως μεταδιδόναι λόγου τολμᾶν, μόνοις δὲ τοῦτον Ἰουδαίοις κατήγγελλον. 2.1.9 τηνικαῦτα καὶ Παῦλος ἐλυμαίνετο εἰς ἔτι τότε τὴν ἐκκλησίαν, κατ' οἴκους τῶν πιστῶν εἰσπορευόμενος σύρων τε ἄνδρας καὶ 2.1.10 γυναῖκας καὶ εἰς φυλακὴν