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us. Reasonably so. For if he did not confine it inside the body, how could he make his own the one who is joined to the body and who, as a natural form, pervades all of formed matter, whose external and defined (p. 132) essence of mind he could not demonstrate, as long as that matter lives, drawing a form of life appropriate to the connection?

Do you see, brother, how they show not only spiritually but also humanly that sending or holding the mind inside the body has been revealed as most necessary for those who have chosen to truly become their own and, according to the inner man, to be monks in name and deed? And to recommend that beginners especially look into themselves and through the breath send their own mind inward is not out of place. For a sane person would not forbid someone who is not yet contemplative of himself from gathering his mind to himself by some devices. Since, then, for those who have recently stripped for this contest, the mind, even when gathered, continually leaps away, and they must continually bring it back again, and since it is most difficult to perceive and the most mobile of all things, it escapes their notice, being untrained, for this reason there are those who advise paying attention to the breath that is frequently drawn out and brought back in, and holding it for a little while, so that they may also hold the mind, guarding it in the breath, until, progressing with God toward what is better, having made their own mind inaccessible to the things around it and unmixed, they may be able to gather it precisely into a "uniform involution". And one may know this as following automatically from the attention of the mind. For this breath enters and exits calmly even in every anxious reflection, but especially in those who are still in body and thought. For these, keeping a spiritual sabbath and ceasing from all their own works, as far as possible, remove every work that is transitional and discursive and varied concerning the knowledge of the soul's powers, and all sense perceptions, and simply every activity of the body that is in our power, and that which is not completely in our power, such as breathing, insofar as it is in our power.

(p. 134) But all these things follow for those who have made progress in stillness, without labor and without anxiety; for with the complete entry of the soul into itself all these same things must necessarily come about automatically. But for beginners, you would see not one of the things mentioned coming about without toil. As, then, endurance follows love ("for love bears all things," but we are taught to achieve endurance by force, so that through it we may arrive at love), so it is also in these matters. And why is it necessary to say more about these things? For all who have experience laugh at those who legislate against it out of inexperience; for of such things the teacher is not reason but labor and the experience that comes through labors, which itself bears the fruit of what is profitable and turns away the fruitless ones who are contentious and fond of showing off. And since, as one of the great ones says concerning these things, the inner man after the transgression is naturally conformed to the outer postures, how would it not contribute something great to the one who is eager to turn his mind in upon itself, so that it moves not in a straight motion but in a circular and unerring one, by not turning the eye here and there, but fixing it, as if on some support, on his own chest or on the navel? For in addition to coiling himself into a circle, as it were, externally, as far as possible, in a way similar to the movement of the mind sought within himself, he will also send inward to the heart the power of the mind that is poured out through the sight, by means of such a posture of the body. And if the power of the intelligible beast is at the navel of the belly, since the law of sin has its power there and gives it pasture, why should we not set against it the law of the mind, which wars against it, armed with prayer, so that the evil spirit, driven out through the font of regeneration, having returned with seven other (p.136) more wicked spirits, may not again settle in and the last state become worse than the first?

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ἡμᾶς. Εἰκότως εἰ γάρ μή ἔνδον τοῦ σώματος περιορίσειε, πῶς ἄν ἑαυτῷ ποιήσειε τόν τό σῶμα ἐνημμένον καί ὡς εἶδος φυσικόν διά πάσης χωροῦντα τῆς μεμορφωμένης ὕλης, ἧς τό ἔξω καί διωρισμένον (σελ. 132) οὐκ ἄν ἐπιδείξαιτο οὐσίαν νοῦ, μέχρις ἄν ἐκείνη ζώῃ ζωῆς εἶδος κατάλληλος τῇ συναφείᾳ σπῶσα;

Βλέπεις, ἀδελφέ, πῶς οὐ πνευματικῶς μόνον ἀλλά καί ἀνθρωπίνως ἐξετάζουσιν, εἴσω τοῦ σώματος πέμπειν ἤ κατέχειν τόν νοῦν ἀναπέφηνεν ἀναγκαιότατον τούς προῃρημένους ἑαυτῶν ὡς ἀληθῶς γενέσθαι καί κατά τόν ἔσω ἄνθρωπον φερωνύμως μοναχούς; Τό δ᾿ εἰς ἑαυτούς μάλιστα τούς εἰσαγομένους βλέπειν εἰσηγεῖσθαι καί διά τῆς ἀναπνοῆς εἴσω πέμπειν τόν οἰκεῖον νοῦν οὐκ ἀπό τρόπου. Τόν γάρ μήπω θεωρηττικόν ἑαυτοῦ μηχανοῖς τισι πρός ἑαυτόν ἐπισυνάγειν νοῦν οὐκ ἀποτρέψειέ τις εὖ φρονῶν. Ἐπεί οὖν τοῖς ἄρτι πρός τόν ἀγῶνα τοῦτον ἀποδυσαμένοις καί συναγόμενος συνεχῶς ἀποπηδᾷ, δεῖ δέ καί συνεχῶς αὐτούς αὖθις τοῦτον ἐπανάγειν, λανθάνει δ᾿ ἀγυμνάστους ὄντας δυσθεωρητότατος καί εὐκινητότατος ἁπάντων ὤν, διά τοῦτο τῇ πυκνά διαχεομένῃ καί ἐπαναγομένη εἰσπνοῇ προσέχειν εἰσίν οἵ παραινοῦσι καί ἐπέχειν τι μικρόν, ὡς κἀκεῖνον συνεπίσχοιεν τηροῦντες ἐν αὐτῇ μέχρις ἄν σύν Θεῷ ἐπί τό κρεῖττον προϊόντες, ἀπρόσιτον πρός τά περί αὐτόν καί ἀμιγῆ τόν οἰκεῖον νοῦν ποιήσαντες δυνηθῶσιν ἀκριβῶς εἰς «ἑνοειδῆ συνέλιξιν» συναγαγεῖν. Τοῦτο δ᾿ ἴσοι τις ἄν καί αὐτομάτως ἑπόμενον τῇ προσοχῇ τοῦ νοῦ. Ἡρέμα γάρ εἴσεσί τε καί ἔξεισι τουτί τό Πνεῦμα κἀπί πάσης ἐναγωνίου σκέψεως, μάλιστα δέ ἐπί τῶν ἡσυχαζόντων σώματι καί διανοίᾳ. Πνευματικῶς γάρ οὗτοι σαββατίζοντες καί ἀπό πάντων τῶν οἰκείων ἔργων καταπαύοντες, ὡς ἐφικτόν, πᾶν μέν τό μεταβατικόν καί διεξοδικόν καί πεποικιλμένον περί τάς γνώσεις τῶν ψυχικῶν δυνάμεων περιαιροῦσιν ἔργον καί τάς αἰσθητικάς πάσας ἀντιλήψεις καί πᾶσαν ἁπλῶς σώματος ἐνέργειαν, ἥτις ἐφ᾿ ἡμῖν, ἥ δ᾿ οὐκ ἐφ᾿ ἡμῖν τελέως ὥσπερ καί τό ἀναπνεῖν, ἐφ᾿ ὅσον ἐφ᾿ ἡμῖν.

(σελ. 134) Ταῦτα δέ πάντα τοῖς προκόψασι καθ᾿ ἡσυχίαν ἀπόνως καί ἀπεριμερίμνως ἕπεται˙ τῇ γάρ τελέα πρός ἑαυτήν εἰσόδῳ τῆς ψυχῆς αὐτόματα ταὐτί πάντα ἐπιγίνεσθαι ἀνάγκη. Τοῖς δ᾿ ἀρχομένοις ἕν οὐδέν τῶν εἰρημένων ἴδοις ἄν ἀμογητί περιγινόμενον. Ὡς οὖν τῇ ἀγάπῃ ἕπεται τό ὑπομένειν («ἡ γάρ ἀγάπη πάντα στέγει», ἡμεῖς δέ διδασκόμεθα κατορθοῦν βίᾳ τήν ὑπομονήν, ὡς δ᾿ αὐτῆς πρός τήν ἀγάπην φθάσωμεν), οὕτω κἀπί τούτων ἔχει. Καί τί δεῖ πλείω περί τούτων λέγειν; Πάντες γάρ οἱ πεπειραμένοι γελῶσι τούς ἐξ ἀπειρίας ἀντινομοθετοῦντας˙ τῶν γάρ τοιούτων οὐ λόγος ἀλλά πόνος καί ἡ διά πόνων πεῖρα διδάσκαλος, αὐτή τε καρπουμένη τό συμφέρον καί τῶν φιλονείκων τε καί φιλενδείκτων τούς ἀκάρπους ἀποστρεφομένη. Ἐπεί δέ καί, καθάπερ τις τῶν μεγάλων περί ταῦτα λέγει, τοῖς ἔξω σχήμασι πέφυκεν ὁ ἔσω ἄνθρωπος συνεξομοιοῦσθαι μετά τήν παράβασιν, πῶς οὐκ ἄν συντελέσειέ τι μέγα τῷ σπεύδοντι συστρέφειν τόν νοῦν εἰς ἑαυτόν, ὡς μή τήν κατ᾿ εὐθεῖαν ἀλλά τήν κυκλικήν καί ἀπλανῆ κινεῖσθαι κίνησιν, τῷ μή τόν ὀφθαλμόν ὧδε κἀκεῖσε περιάγειν, ἀλλ᾿ οἷον ἐρείσματί τινι τοῦτον προσερείδειν τῷ οἰκείῳ στήθει ἤ τῷ ὀμφαλῷ; Πρός γάρ τῷ εἰς κύκλον ὥσπερ ἔξωθεν, ἐφ᾿ ὅσον ἐφικτόν, συνελίττειν ἑαυτόν, παραπλησίως τῇ σπουδαζομένη ἐν αὑτῷ τοῦ νοῦ κινήσει καί τήν δι᾿ ὄψεως ἔξω χεομένην δύναμιν τοῦ νοῦ τῆς καρδίας εἴσω πέμψει διά τοῦ τοιούτου σχήματος τοῦ σώματος. Εἰ δέ καί ἡ τοῦ νοητοῦ θηρός δύναμις ἐπ᾿ ὀμφαλοῦ γαστρός, ὡς τοῦ νόμου τῆς ἁμαρτίας ἐκεῖ τό κράτος ἔχοντος καί νομήν αὐτῷ διδόντος, διατί μή τῶν ἀντιστρατευόμενον ἐκείνῳ τοῦ νοῦ νόμον, αὐτοῦ δι᾿ εὐχῆς ὡπλισμένον ἐπιστήσομεν, ὡς ἄν μή τό διά τοῦ λουτροῦ τῆς παλιγγενεσίας πνεῦμα πονηρόν ἀπελαθέν, μεθ᾿ ἑτέρων ἑπτά (σελ.136) πονηροτέρων πνευμάτων ἐπιστρέψαν, αὖθις ἐγκατοικισθῇ καί γένηται τά ἔσχατα χείρονα τῶν πρώτων;