John Chrysostom, On Priesthood

the sea, I would have leaped away at the first call; and if anyone asked, "Why?" "Lest I sink the ship," I would have said. Then where the loss is in money and the bodily danger is unto death, no one will accuse those who use much foresight; but where for those who are shipwrecked it is reserved not to fall into this sea, but into the abyss of fire, and a death awaits them not that which separates the soul from the body, but that which sends it with the body to eternal punishment, here will you be angry and hate us because we did not rashly throw ourselves into so great an evil? No, I beg and beseech you. I know my own soul, this weak and small one; I know the magnitude of that ministry and the great difficulty of the matter.

3.9 9. That he is captured by vainglory and its terrors. For more waves than the winds that disturb the sea assault the soul of the priest. And first of all is the most terrible rock of vainglory, more dangerous than the one of which the myth-makers tell monstrous tales. For many have had the strength to sail past it and escape unharmed; but for me this is so difficult that not even now, when not one necessity pushes me toward that abyss, can I be pure of the dreadful thing. And if someone were to entrust this office to me, he would all but bind my hands behind my back and hand me over to the beasts dwelling on that rock to be torn apart each day. What are these beasts? Anger, despondency, envy, strife, slanders, accusations, falsehood, hypocrisy, plots, anger against those who have done no wrong, pleasure in the disgraces of fellow ministers, grief over their successes, lust for praise, desire for honor—this is what most of all subverts the human soul—, teachings for pleasure, servile flatteries, ignoble fawning, contempt for the poor, courting of the rich, irrational honors and harmful favors, bringing danger both to those who give and to those who receive them, a slavish fear fit only for the basest of slaves, the abolition of boldness, a great show of humility but no truth to it anywhere, reproofs and censures being out of the question, or rather against the lowly and beyond measure, but against those invested with power no one dares even to open his lips. For that rock nourishes all these beasts and more than these, by which those once caught are of necessity dragged down into such slavery as often to do many things to please women, things it is not even good to speak of. For the divine law has excluded them from this ministry, but they force themselves in; and since they have no power of themselves, they do everything through others and have clothed themselves with so much power as to approve and to cast out priests whom they wish; and things are turned upside down—this indeed, the saying of the proverb, one can see—the rulers are led by the ruled, and would that they were men, but they are women to whom it is not permitted even to teach. What am I saying, to teach? Why, the blessed Paul did not permit them even to speak in church. But I heard someone say that they have given themselves so much boldness as even to rebuke the leaders of the Churches and to attack them more bitterly than masters do their own servants. And let no one think that I subject all to the aforementioned accusations; for there are, there are many who have risen above these nets, and they are more numerous than those who have been caught.

3.10 10. That not the priesthood is the cause of these things, but our own indolence. But I would not blame the priesthood for these evils—may I never be so mad—, for neither do I blame the iron for murders, nor wine for drunkenness, nor strength for insolence, nor courage for irrational daring, but those who do not use rightly the gifts from God

πέλαγος, ἐκ πρώτης ἂν ἀπεπήδησα τῆς φωνῆς· καὶ εἴ τις ἤρετο, ∆ιὰ τί; Ἵνα μὴ καταδύσω τὸ πλοῖον, εἶπον ἄν. Εἶτα ἔνθα μὲν εἰς χρήματα ἡ ζημία καὶ ὁ κίνδυνος σωματικὸς μέχρι θανάτου, οὐδεὶς ἐγκαλέσει πολλῇ κεχρημένοις προνοίᾳ· ὅπου δὲ τοῖς ναυαγοῦσιν οὐκ εἰς τὸ πέλαγος τοῦτο, ἀλλ' εἰς τὴν ἄβυσσον τοῦ πυρὸς ἀπόκειται πεσεῖν καὶ θάνατος αὐτοὺς οὐχ ὁ τὴν ψυχὴν ἀπὸ τοῦ σώματος διαιρῶν, ἀλλ' ὁ ταύτην μετ' ἐκείνου εἰς κόλασιν παραπέμπων αἰώνιον ἐκδέχεται, ἐνταῦθα ὅτι μὴ προπετῶς εἰς τοσοῦτον ἑαυτοὺς ἐρρίψαμεν κακὸν ὀργιεῖσθε καὶ μισήσετε; Μή, δέομαι καὶ ἀντιβολῶ. Οἶδα τὴν ἐμαυτοῦ ψυχήν, τὴν ἀσθενῆ ταύτην καὶ μικράν· οἶδα τῆς διακονίας ἐκείνης τὸ μέγεθος καὶ τὴν πολλὴν τοῦ πράγματος δυσκολίαν.

3.9 θʹ. Ὅτι κενοδοξίᾳ καὶ τοῖς ταύτης ἁλίσκεται δεινοῖσ Πλείονα γὰρ τῶν τὴν θάλατταν ταραττόντων πνευμάτων χειμάζει κύματα τὴν τοῦ ἱερωμένου ψυχήν. Καὶ πρῶτον ἁπάντων ὁ δεινότατος τῆς κενοδοξίας σκόπελος, χαλεπώτερος ὢν οὗπερ οἱ μυθοποιοὶ τερατεύονται. Τοῦτον γὰρ πολλοὶ μὲν ἴσχυσαν διαπλεύσαντες διαφυγεῖν ἀσινεῖς· ἐμοὶ δὲ οὕτω τοῦτο χαλεπὸν ὡς μηδὲ νῦν, ὅτε οὐδὲ μία μέ τις ἀνάγκη πρὸς ἐκεῖνο ὠθεῖ τὸ βάραθρον, δύνασθαι καθαρεύειν τοῦ δεινοῦ. Εἰ δὲ καὶ τὴν ἐπιστασίαν τις ἐγχειρίζοι ταύτην, μονονουχὶ δήσας ὀπίσω τὼ χεῖρε παραδώσει τοῖς ἐν ἐκείνῳ τῷ σκοπέλῳ κατοικοῦσι θηρίοις καθ' ἑκάστην με σπαράττειν τὴν ἡμέραν. Τίνα δέ ἐστι τὰ θηρία; Θυμός, ἀθυμία, φθόνος, ἔρις, διαβολαί, κατηγορίαι, ψεῦδος, ὑπόκρισις, ἐπιβουλαί, ὀργαὶ κατὰ τῶν ἠδικηκότων οὐδέν, ἡδοναὶ ἐπὶ ταῖς τῶν συλλειτουργούντων ἀσχημοσύναις, πένθος ἐπὶ ταῖς εὐημερίαις, ἐπαίνων ἔρως, τιμῆς πόθος-τοῦτο δὴ τὸ μάλιστα πάντων τὴν ἀνθρωπείαν ἐκτραχηλίζον ψυχήν-, διδασκαλίαι πρὸς ἡδονήν, ἀνελεύθεροι κολακεῖαι, θωπεῖαι ἀγεννεῖς, καταφρονήσεις πενήτων, θεραπεῖαι πλουσίων, ἀλόγιστοι τιμαὶ καὶ ἐπιβλαβεῖς χάριτες, κίνδυνον φέρουσαι καὶ τοῖς παρέχουσι καὶ τοῖς δεχομένοις αὐτάς, φόβος δουλοπρεπὴς καὶ τοῖς φαυλοτάτοις τῶν ἀνδραπόδων προσήκων μόνοις, παρρησίας ἀναίρεσις, ταπεινοφροσύνης τὸ μὲν σχῆμα πολύ, ἡ ἀλήθεια δὲ οὐδαμοῦ, ἔλεγχοι δὲ ἐκποδὼν καὶ ἐπιτιμήσεις, μᾶλλον δὲ κατὰ μὲν τῶν ταπεινῶν καὶ πέρα τοῦ μέτρου, ἐπὶ δὲ τῶν δυναστείαν περιβεβλημένων οὐδὲ διᾶραί τις τὰ χείλη τολμᾷ. Ταῦτα γὰρ ἅπαντα καὶ τὰ τούτων πλείονα ὁ σκόπελος ἐκεῖνος τρέφει θηρία οἷς τοὺς ἅπαξ ἁλόντας εἰς τοσαύτην ἀνάγκη καθελκυσθῆναι δουλείαν ὡς καὶ εἰς γυναικῶν ἀρέσκειαν πράττειν πολλὰ πολλάκις ἃ μηδὲ εἰπεῖν καλόν. Ὁ μὲν γὰρ θεῖος νόμος αὐτὰς ταύτης ἐξέωσε τῆς λειτουργίας, ἐκεῖναι δὲ ἑαυτὰς εἰσωθεῖν βιάζονται· καὶ ἐπειδὴ δι' ἑαυτῶν ἰσχύουσιν οὐδέν, δι' ἑτέρων ἅπαντα πράττουσι καὶ τοσαύτην περιβέβληνται δύναμιν ὡς τῶν ἱερέων καὶ ἐγκρίνειν καὶ ἐκβάλλειν οὓς ἂν θέλωσι· καὶ τὰ ἄνω κάτω-τοῦτο δὴ τὸ τῆς παροιμίας λεγόμενον ἔστιν ἰδεῖν-τοὺς ἄρχοντας ἄγουσιν οἱ ἀρχόμενοι, καὶ εἴθε μὲν ἄνδρες, ἀλλ' αἷς οὐδὲ διδάσκειν ἐπιτέτραπται. Τί λέγω διδάσκειν; Οὐδὲ λαλεῖν μὲν οὖν αὐταῖς ἐν ἐκκλησίᾳ συνεχώρησεν ὁ μακάριος Παῦλος. Ἐγὼ δέ τινος ἤκουσα λέγοντος ὅτι καὶ τοσαύτης αὑταῖς μετέδωκαν παρρησίας ὡς καὶ ἐπιτιμᾶν τοῖς τῶν Ἐκκλησιῶν προεστῶσι καὶ καθάπτεσθαι πικρότερον ἐκείνων ἢ τῶν ἰδίων οἰκετῶν οἱ δεσπόται. Καὶ μή μέ τις οἰέσθω πάντας ταῖς εἰρημέναις ὑποβάλλειν αἰτίαις· εἰσὶ γάρ, εἰσὶ πολλοὶ οἱ τούτων ὑπερενεχθέντες τῶν δικτύων καὶ τῶν ἁλόντων πλείους.

3.10 ιʹ. Ὅτι οὐχ ἡ ἱερωσύνη τούτων αἰτία, ἀλλ' ἡ ἡμετέρα ῥαθυμία Ἀλλ' οὐδὲ τὴν ἱερωσύνην αἰτιάσαιμι ἂν τούτων τῶν κακῶν-μή ποτε οὕτω μανείην ἐγώ-, οὔτε γὰρ τὸν σίδηρον τῶν φόνων, οὔτε τὸν οἶνον τῆς μέθης, οὔτε τὴν ῥώμην τῆς ὕβρεως, οὔτε τὴν ἀνδρείαν τῆς ἀλόγου τόλμης, ἀλλὰ τοὺς οὐκ εἰς δέον χρωμένους ταῖς παρὰ τοῦ Θεοῦ