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having requested him, she sent him from Athens. Year of the world 5847. Year of the divine incarnation 347. Constantius, emperor of the Romans, for 24 years. 19th. Sabores, king of the Persians, for 70 years. 53rd. Damasus, bishop of Rome, for 28 years. 3rd. Eusebius, bishop of Constantinople, for 12 years. 10th. Hilarion, bishop of Jerusalem, for 12 years. 1st. Athanasius, bishop of Alexandria, for 46 years. 26th. Flacitus, bishop of Antioch, for 12 years. 12th. In this year, Acacius of Caesarea and Patrophilus of Scythopolis, being Arians, deposed Maximus of Jerusalem, and brought in Cyril in his place, thinking to have him of the same mind. At this time, when Cyril was bishop of Jerusalem, the sign of the life-giving cross appeared in the sky on the day of Pentecost, in the form of light, stretched from Golgotha, where Christ was crucified, to the Mount of Olives, whence he was taken up. And around the sign that appeared was a crown, having the appearance of a rainbow. And on the same day it also 42 appeared to Constantius. Concerning this, there is extant a letter of Cyril to the emperor Constantius, in which he calls him most pious. Whence some slander this same Cyril as being of Arian mind, saying that he had passed over in silence the term "homoousios" in the catecheses, which he set forth for the benefit of the uninitiated peoples, who had approached holy baptism because of the miracle of the life-giving cross. But they are mistaken and in error. For it was necessary both to call the emperor "most pious" as a matter of economy—since he had been seduced into the heresy out of simplicity and not disposition by the villainy of the Arians, and since Hellenism had not yet been completely overthrown—and for the time being to keep silent about the term "homoousios," which was disturbing the many and, by the opposition of the enemies, was cutting off those being baptized, but through words of equivalent meaning to make clear the meaning of "homoousios"; which is what the blessed Cyril has done, explaining the Nicene faith word for word and proclaiming the Son true God from true God the Father. 27th bishop of Antioch, Stephen I, an Arian, for 3 years. 20. 54. 4. 11. 2. 30. 1. 21. 55. 5. 12. 3. 31. 2. In this year Athanasius and Paul, after the death of Eusebius who had impiously held the throne of Constantinople, went down again to Rome to Pope Julius and to the emperor Constans, brother of Constantius. For when Eusebius died, the people restored Paul to the throne of Constantinople, but the Arians consecrated Macedonius in opposition, so that from this a civil war arose. When Constantius, who was staying in Antioch, learned this, he commanded Hermogenes, the magister militum who had been sent to Thrace, to make it a side-task of his journey to expel Paul from the church; When Hermogenes tried to carry this out, the populace set his house on fire, and killed Hermogenes himself and threw him into the sea. Then, therefore, the emperor, having learned this, rode from Antioch to the imperial city and, after expelling Paul from the throne, did not for the time being enthrone Macedonius. Then, being angry because of the murder of Hermogenes, he fined the city forty thousand daily loaves of bread out of the eighty thousand that had been gifted by his father. Then, therefore, Paul, as was said before, went to Julius of Rome and returned with his letters 43 to Constantinople. But Constantius, who was then also staying in Antioch, upon learning that Julius had restored Paul to the throne, became angry and commanded Philip the prefect to drive out Paul and to install Macedonius on the throne in his place. But the prefect, for fear of what had happened to Hermogenes on account of Paul, summoned Paul to the bath called Zeuxippus, and letting him down through a window, exiled him to Thessalonica, from whence he also originated. And taking Macedonius up in his own chariot, he installed him like a tyrant of the church by force, with the orthodox resisting to such an extent that 3150 men were killed, and thus the Arians took control of the church. Then Constantius also threatened Athanasius with death, which

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ἐξαιτησαμένη ἐν Ἀθήναις ἀπέστειλεν. Κόσμου ἔτη εωμζʹ. Τῆς θείας σαρκώσεως ἔτη τμζʹ. Ῥωμαίων βασιλεὺς Κωνστάντιος ἔτη κδʹ. ιθʹ. Περσῶν βασιλεὺς Σαβώρης ἔτη οʹ. νγʹ. Ῥώμης ἐπίσκοπος ∆άμασος ἔτη κηʹ. γʹ. Κωνσταντιν. ἐπίσκοπος Εὐσέβιος ἔτη ιβʹ. ιʹ. Ἱεροσολύμων ἐπίσκοπος Ἱλάριος ἔτη ιβʹ. αʹ. Ἀλεξανδρείας ἐπίσκοπος Ἀθανάσιος ἔτη μϛʹ. κϛʹ. Ἀντιοχείας ἐπίσκοπος Φλάκιτος ἔτη ιβʹ. ιβʹ. Τούτῳ τῷ ἔτει Μάξιμον τὸν Ἱεροσολύμων καθεῖλεν Ἀκάκιος ὁ Καισαρείας καὶ Πατρόφιλος ὁ Σκυθοπόλεως Ἀρειανοὶ ὄντες, καὶ ἀντεισήγαγον Κύριλλον δοκοῦντες ἔχειν αὐτὸν ὁμόφρονα. ἐν τούτῳ τῷ χρόνῳ, Κυρίλλου ἐπισκοποῦντος Ἱεροσολύμων, τὸ σημεῖον τοῦ ζωοποιοῦ σταυροῦ ἐφάνη ἐν τῷ οὐρανῷ τῇ ἡμέρᾳ τῆς πεντηκοστῆς, φωτοειδές, τεταμένον ἀπὸ τοῦ Γολγοθᾶ, ἔνθα ἐσταυρώθη ὁ Χριστός, ἕως τοῦ ὄρους τῶν ἐλαιῶν, ὅθεν ἀνελήφθη. κύκλῳ δὲ τοῦ φανέντος σημείου στέφανος, ὡς ἴρις τὸ εἶδος ἔχων. καὶ τῇ αὐτῇ δὲ ἡμέρᾳ καὶ 42 Κωνσταντίῳ ὤφθη. περὶ τούτου δὲ φέρεται Κυρίλλου ἐπιστολὴ πρὸς τὸν βασιλέα Κωνστάντιον, ἐν ᾗ εὐσεβέστατον αὐτὸν καλεῖ. ὅθεν τινὲς Ἀρειανόφρονα διαβάλλουσι τὸν αὐτὸν Κύριλλον λέγοντες, καὶ τὴν τοῦ ὁμοουσίου φωνὴν παρασεσιγηκέναι αὐτὸν ἐν ταῖς κατηχήσεσιν, αἷς ἐξέθετο ἐπ' ὠφελείᾳ τῶν ἀπείρων λαῶν, τῶν τῷ θείῳ προσελθόντων βαπτίσματι διὰ τὸ θαῦμα τοῦ ζωοποιοῦ σταυροῦ. σφάλλονται δὲ καὶ ἁμαρτάνουσιν. ἐχρῆν γὰρ καὶ τὸν βασιλέα ἐξ ἁπλότητος, καὶ οὐκ ἐκ διαθέσεως τῇ κακουργίᾳ τῶν Ἀρειανῶν ὑποκλαπέντα εἰς τὴν αἵρεσιν, καὶ τοῦ ἑλληνισμοῦ μήπω τελείως καταστραφέντος, εὐσεβέστατον οἰκονομικῶς λέγειν, καὶ τὴν τοῦ ὁμοουσίου φωνὴν σιγῆσαι τέως ταράττουσαν τοὺς πολλοὺς καὶ τῇ ἀντιθέσει τῶν ἐχθρῶν ἐκκόπτουσαν τοὺς βαπτιζομένους, διὰ δὲ τῶν ἰσοδυναμούντων λέξεων τὸ τοῦ ὁμοουσίου τρανῶσαι· ὃ καὶ πεποίηκεν ὁ μακάριος Κύριλλος τὴν ἐν Νικαίᾳ πίστιν κατὰ λέξιν ἀναπτύξας καὶ θεὸν ἀληθινὸν τὸν υἱὸν ἐκ θεοῦ ἀληθινοῦ τοῦ πατρὸς κηρύξας. Ἀντιοχείας ἐπίσκοπος κζʹ Στέφανος αʹ Ἀρειανὸς ἔτη γʹ. κʹ. νδʹ. δʹ. ιαʹ. βʹ. λʹ. αʹ. καʹ. νεʹ. εʹ. ιβʹ. γʹ. λαʹ. βʹ. Τούτῳ τῷ ἔτει Ἀθανάσιος καὶ Παῦλος, τελευτήσαντος Εὐσεβίου τοῦ δυσσεβῶς ἄρξαντος τὸν θρόνον Κωνσταντινουπόλεως, κατῆλθον πάλιν εἰς Ῥώμην πρὸς Ἰούλιον τὸν πάπαν καὶ Κώνσταντα τὸν βασιλέα, ἀδελφὸν Κωνσταντίου. τοῦ γὰρ Εὐσεβίου θανόντος, ὁ λαὸς τὸν Παῦλον τῷ θρόνῳ Κωνσταντινουπόλεως ἀπεκατέστησεν, οἱ δὲ Ἀρειανοὶ τὸν Μακεδόνιον ἀντεχειροτόνησαν, ὡς ἐντεῦθεν ἐμφύλιον γενέσθαι πόλεμον. ὅπερ μαθὼν ὁ Κωνστάντιος ἐν Ἀντιοχείᾳ διάγων Ἑρμογένει στρατηλάτῃ κατὰ τὴν Θρᾴκην πεμφθέντι κελεύει ὁδοῦ πάρεργον ποιήσασθαι καὶ ἐκβαλεῖν Παῦλον τῆς ἐκκλησίας· ὅπερ τοῦ Ἑρμογένους πληρῶσαι δοκιμάσαντος, ὁ δῆμος τὸν οἶκον αὐτοῦ ἐνέπρησε καὶ αὐτὸν Ἑρμογένην ἀπέκτεινε καὶ εἰς τὴν θάλασσαν ἔρριψεν. τότε οὖν ὁ βασιλεὺς μαθὼν ἐξ Ἀντιοχείας εἰς τὴν βασιλεύουσαν ἤλασε καὶ τὸν Παῦλον τοῦ θρόνου ἐκβαλὼν Μακεδόνιον τέως οὐκ ἐνεθρόνισεν. τότε ὀργιζόμενος διὰ τὸν Ἑρμογένους φόνον τὴν πόλιν ἐζημίωσε τέσσαρας μυριάδας ἄρτων ἡμερησίων ἐκ τῶν δωρηθέντων ὑπὸ τοῦ πατρὸς αὐτοῦ μυριάδων ηʹ. τότε οὖν ὁ Παῦλος, ὡς προείρηται, πρὸς Ἰούλιον ἦλθε Ῥώμης καὶ ἐπανῆλθε μετὰ γραμμάτων αὐτοῦ 43 ἐν Κωνσταντινουπόλει. ὁ δὲ Κωνστάντιος καὶ τότε ἐν Ἀντιοχείᾳ διάγων, μαθών, ὅτι τὸν Παῦλον Ἰούλιος τῷ θρόνῳ ἀπεκατέστησεν, ὀργισθεὶς κελεύει Φιλίππῳ τῷ ἐπάρχῳ Παῦλον ἐκδιῶξαι καὶ Μακεδόνιον ἀντικαταστῆσαι τῷ θρόνῳ. ὁ δὲ ἔπαρχος φόβῳ τῶν γεγονότων εἰς Ἑρμογένην διὰ τὸν Παῦλον εἰς τὸ κατὰ τὸν Ζεύξιππον λουτρὸν μεταστειλάμενος τὸν Παῦλον, διὰ θυρίδος χαλάσας εἰς Θεσσαλονίκην ἐξώρισεν, ὅθεν καὶ ὡρμᾶτο. Μακεδόνιον δὲ τῷ ἑαυτοῦ ὀχήματι ἀναλαβὼν ἀπεκατέστησεν ὡς τύραννον τῆς ἐκκλησίας λῃστρικῶς, τῶν ὀρθοδόξων ἀντιστάντων ἐπὶ τοσοῦτον, ὡς ἀναιρεθῆναι γρνʹ ἄνδρας, καὶ οὕτω τῆς ἐκκλησίας Ἀρειανοὺς κρατῆσαι. τότε καὶ Ἀθανασίῳ θάνατον ἠπείλησε Κωνστάντιος, ὅπερ