the imperative; for they have a custom of changing the ε; for example, ὄνειρος, ὄνοιρος. 9Εἴρω9: It means "I say," with the diphthong ει; for the ε appeared in the future ἐρῶ; and again, that barytones derived from εἴρω reject being written with ι alone. 9Εὔειλοσ9: It means an airy place; from εἴλη, which is heat, comes εὔειλος. 9Εἰκάζω9: The ει is a diphthong; from εἴκω which means "I make like." 9Ἐπίχειρα9: The χει is a diphthong; for it is from χεῖρα. 9Ἐπειόσ9: Diphthong; for trisyllabic oxytone proper nouns ending in ειος are written with the diphthong ει; for example, Peneius; Arneius; Alpheius; Spercheius; Olmeius; Deineius; thus also Epeius with the diphthong ει. 9Ἑρμείασ9: With the diphthong ει; for it comes from Ἑρμέας by the addition of ι. 9Ἐρσήεισ9: With the diphthong ει; for the ε appeared in the genitive ἐρσήεντος. 9Ἐρατεινόσ9: With the diphthong ει; for the Dorians say ἐρατεννός, just as ποθεινός, ποθεννός; and because of the rule for paronymous oxytone words in -νος. 9Εἴασκεν9: With the diphthong ει; for it is ἐῶ, ἐᾶς; εἴων, εἴας, εἴα; for such forms lengthen the initial inflected vowel; for example, ἔτυπτον, ἔτυπτες, ἔτυπτε; from this ἐᾶς, therefore, comes εἴασκε with the diphthong ει by the addition of ι. 9Εἴωθα9: With the diphthong ει; for the ε appeared in ἔθος and in εὔωθα; for the Aeolians say εὔωθα for εἴωθα; and εἴωθα came about in this way: there is a verb which means "I do something out of habit," from which also ἔθνος; its middle perfect is εἶθα, and with the addition of ω, εἴωθα and εἴωθε. 9Εἰμί9: The one meaning "I exist" has a diphthong first, and the second is ι; for the Aeolians say ἐμμί, just as κείρω, κέῤῥω; and εἰμί came about thus: there is ἐῶ meaning "I exist"; this 211 changing the ω to μι becomes ἐμί; and since verbs in -μι have a naturally long penultimate syllable; for example, ἵστημι; τίθημι; δίδωμι; except for ἐσμί, for its penultimate is long by position; and again this one is also forced to have a naturally long penultimate; either by changing the ε to η, or by adding an ι; for the ε in verbs is augmented in two ways: either by the addition of ι; for example, ἔχω, εἶχον; ἕλκω, εἷλκον; or by being changed to η; for example, ἐλαύνω, ἤλαυνον; ἐλέγχω, ἤλεγχον; and it ought to have changed the ε to η, rather than adding an ι; for verbs in -μι do not want to have a diphthong in the penultimate; for example, τίθημι; δίδωμι; except for εἶμι meaning "I go"; but since it changed the ε to η, it was not going to preserve any remnant of the original form; for example, λέγω, λόγος; νέμω, νόμος; διδῶ, δίδωμι; for this reason it added the ι, and became εἰμί with the diphthong ει, so that it might preserve something of the sound of the original form; why then did it not change the ε to η? so that it would not be confused with ἠμί meaning "I say"; which comes from φημί, ἠμί. 9Εἰμί9: means "I exist"; Εἶμι means "I go"; Ἠμί means "I say," having come from φημί by the loss of the φ. 9Εἶσ9: means "you exist"; with the diphthong ει; for it comes from εἰμί by a change of μι to σ. 9Εἰσί9: With the diphthong ει first; for the ε appeared in ἔασι. 9Εἶμι9: It means "I go"; with the diphthong ει first; for it comes from εἴω by a change of ω to μι; and εἴω means "I go," while ἰμί, the one with ι, comes from ἴημι by syncope of the η. 9Ἐπικλώσειαν9: The σει is a diphthong as it is optative; and the κλω is long, from κλῶ, κλᾶς, κλᾶ. 9Εὔρειος Ποταμόσ9: With the diphthong ει; for εὐρεής and εὐρέες. 9Εἰραφιώτησ9: With the diphthong ει; for from ἐρράφθαι comes ἐρραφιώτης and εἰραφιώτης, with the addition of ι, and the loss of ρ; And Dionysus is called Eiraphiotes. 212 because of being sewn in the thigh of Zeus; or from ἐρέφεσθαι, which means "to be crowned," comes ἐραφιώτης, and by addition of ι, Eiraphiotes; or from ἔριφος comes ἐραφιώτης, and by addition of ι, Eiraphiotes; for they say Dionysus was raised by goats. 9Ἐμίχθη9: the μι has an ι by tradition; for μέμιχα is the middle perfect, but if it were written with the diphthong ει, it would have to be μέμοιχα; for if the ε is found in a disyllabic future, either alone or with an ι, it is changed to ο;
τὸ προστακτικόν· ἔθος γὰρ ἔχουσι τὸ ε τρέ πειν· οἷον, ὄνειρος, ὄνοιρος. 9Εἴρω9: Σημαίνει δὲ τὸ λέγω, διὰ τῆς ει διφθόγγου· ἀνε φάνη γὰρ τὸ ε ἐν τῷ ἐρῶ μέλλοντι· καὶ πάλιν, ὅτι τὰ διὰ τοῦ εἴρω βαρύτονα ἀποστρέφονται τὴν διὰ τοῦ ι μόνου γραφήν. 9Εὔειλοσ9: Σημαίνει δὲ τὸν εὐάερον τόπον· παρὰ τὸ εἴλη, ὅ ἐστιν θερμασία, γέγονεν εὔειλος. 9Εἰκάζω9: Τὸ ει δίφθογγος· ἀπὸ τοῦ εἴκω τοῦ σημαίνοντος τὸ ὁμοιῶ. 9Ἐπίχειρα9: Τὸ χει δίφθογγος· παρὰ τὴν χεῖρα γάρ. 9Ἐπειόσ9: ∆ίφθογγος· τὰ γὰρ διὰ τοῦ ειος κύρια ὀξύτονα τρισύλλαβα διὰ τῆς ει διφθόγγου γράφεται· οἷον, Πηνειός· Ἀρνειός· Ἀλφειός· Σπερχειός· Ὀλμειός· ∆εινειός· οὕτως καὶἘπειὸς διὰ τῆς ει διφθόγγου. 9Ἑρμείασ9: ∆ιὰ τῆς ει διφθόγγου· ἀπὸ γὰρ τοῦ Ἑρμέας γέγονεν κατὰ πλεονασμὸν τοῦ ι. 9Ἐρσήεισ9: ∆ιὰ τῆς ει διφθόγγου· ἀνεφάνη γὰρ τὸ ε ἐν τῇ ἐρσήεντος γενικῇ. 9Ἐρατεινόσ9: ∆ιὰ τῆς ει διφθόγγου· οἱ γὰρ ∆ωριεῖς ἐρα τεννὸς λέγουσι, ὥσπερ ποθεινὸς, ποθεννός· καὶ διὰ τὸν κανόνα τῶν εἰς νος ὀξυτόνων παρωνύμων. 9Εἴασκεν9: ∆ιὰ τῆς ει διφθόγγου· ἔστιν γὰρ ἐῶ, ἐᾶς· εἴων, εἴας, εἴα· τὰ γὰρ τοιαῦτα τὴν ἐν ἀρχαῖς κλιτικὴν ἔκτασιν ἐκτείνουσιν· οἷον, ἔτυπτον, ἔτυπτες, ἔτυπτε· ἐκ τούτου οὖν τοῦ ἐᾶς γίνεται εἴασκε διὰ τῆς ει διφθόγγου κατὰ πλεονασμὸν τοῦ ι. 9Εἴωθα9: ∆ιὰ τῆς ει διφθόγγου· ἀνεφάνη γὰρ τὸ ε ἐν τῷ ἔθος καὶ ἐν τῷ εὔωθα· οἱ γὰρ Αἰολεῖς τὸ εἴωθα, εὔωθα λέγου σιν· γέγονεν δὲ τὸ εἴωθα τούτῳ τῷ τρόπῳ· ἔστιν ῥῆμα ὃ ση μαίνει τὸ ἐξ ἔθους τί διαπράττομαι, ἐξ οὗ καὶ ἔθνος· τούτου ὁ μέσος παρακείμενος εἶθα, καὶ πλεονασμῷ τοῦ ω εἴωθα καὶ εἴωθε. 9Εἰμί9: Τὸ ὑπάρχω δίφθογγος τὸ πρῶτον, τὸ δὲ δεύτερον ι· οἱ γὰρ Αἰολεῖς ἐμμὶ λέγουσιν, ὥσπερ κείρω, κέῤῥω· γέγονεν δὲ τὸ εἰμὶ οὕτως· ἔστιν ἐῶ τὸ σημαῖνον τὸ ὑπάρχω· τοῦτο 211 τρέπον τὸ ω εἰς μι γίνεται ἐμί· καὶ ἐπειδὴ τὰ εἰς μι φύσει μακρὰ παραλήγονται· οἷον, ἵστημι· τίθημι· δίδωμι· χωρὶς τοῦ ἐσμὶ, θέσει γὰρ μακρὸν παραλήγεται· καὶ πάλιν ἀναγκάζεται καὶ τοῦτο φύσει μακρὰ παραλήγεσθαι· ἢ τρέπον τὸ ε εἰς η, ἢ προσλαμβάνον τὸ ι· τὸ γὰρ ε ἐν τοῖς ῥήμασιν διχῶς μεγε θύνεται· ἢ διὰ προσθήκης τοῦ ι· οἷον, ἔχω, εἶχον· ἕλκω, εἷλ κον· ἢ διὰ τὸ τρέπεσθαι εἰς η· οἷον, ἐλαύνω, ἤλαυνον· ἐλέγχω, ἤλεγχον· καὶ ὤφειλεν μᾶλλον τρέψαι τὸ ε εἰς τὸ η, εἴπερ προσλάβεσθαι τὸ ι· τὰ γὰρ εἰς μι οὐ θέλουσι διφθόγγῳ παρα λήγεσθαι· οἷον, τίθημι· δίδωμι· χωρὶς τοῦ εἶμι τοῦ σημαί νοντος τὸ πορεύομαι· ἀλλ' ἐπειδὴ ἔτρεψεν τὸ ε εἰς τὸ η, οὐκ ἤμελλεν φυλάττειν λείψανόν τι τοῦ πρωτοτύπου· οἷον, λέγω, λόγος· νέμω, νόμος· διδῶ δίδωμι· τούτου χάριν προσέλαβεν τὸ ι, καὶ γέγονεν εἰμὶ διὰ τῆς ει διφθόγγου, ἵνα φυλάξῃ τι τῆς φωνῆς τοῦ πρωτοτύπου· διατί δὲ πάλιν οὐκ ἔτρεψεν τὸ ε εἰς τὸ η; ἵνα μὴ συνεμπέσῃ τὸ ἠμὶ τὸ σημαῖνον τὸ λέγω· τὸ γενόμενον ἀπὸ τοῦ φημὶ ἠμί. 9Εἰμί9: Τὸ ὑπάρχω· Εἶμι τὸ πορεύομαι· Ἠμὶ τὸ λέγω, τὸ γενόμενον ἐκ τοῦ φημὶ κατὰ ἀποβολὴν τοῦ φ. 9Εἶσ9: Τὸ ὑπάρχεις· διὰ τῆς ει διφθόγγου· ἀπὸ γὰρ τοῦ εἰμὶ γέγονεν τροπῇ τῆς μι εἰς σ. 9Εἰσί9: ∆ιὰ τῆς ει διφθόγγου τὸ πρῶτον· ἀνεφάνη γὰρ τὸ ε ἔασι. 9Εἶμι9: Σημαίνει δὲ τὸ πορεύομαι· διὰ τῆς ει διφθόγγου τὸ πρῶτον· ἀπὸ γὰρ τοῦ εἴω γέγονεν τροπῇ τοῦ ω εἰς μι· σημαί νει δὲ τὸ εἴω τὸ πορεύομαι, τὸ δὲ ἰμὶ, τὸ διὰ τοῦ ι, ἀπὸ τοῦ ἴημι γέγονεν κατὰ συγκοπὴν τοῦ η. 9Ἐπικλώσειαν9: Τὸ σει δίφθογγος ὡς εὐκτικόν· τὸ δὲ κλω μέγα, ἐκ τοῦ κλῶ, κλᾶς, κλᾶ. 9Εὔρειος Ποταμόσ9: ∆ιὰ τῆς ει διφθόγγου· εὐρεὴς γὰρ καὶ εὐρέες. 9Εἰραφιώτησ9: ∆ιὰ τῆς ει διφθόγγου· ἀπὸ γὰρ τοῦ ἐῤῥά φθαι γέγονεν ἐῤῥαφιώτης καὶ εἰραφιώτης, προσελθόντος τοῦ ι, καὶ ἀποβληθέντος τοῦ ρ· Εἰραφιώτης δὲ λέγεται ὁ ∆ιόνυσος. 212 διὰ τὸ ἐῤῥάφθαι ἐν τῷ μηρῷ τοῦ ∆ιός· ἢ παρὰ τὸ ἐρέφεσθαι, τὸ σημαῖνον τὸ στεφανοῦσθαι, γέγονεν ἐραφιώτης, καὶ κατὰ πλεονασμὸν τοῦ ι Εἰραφιώτης· ἢ παρὰ τὸ ἔριφος γέγονεν ἐρα φιώτης, καὶ κατὰ πλεονασμὸν τοῦ ι Εἰραφιώτης· καὶ γὰρ ὑπὸ ἐρίφων φασὶν ἀνατραφῆναι τὸν ∆ιόνυσον. 9Ἐμίχθη9: ι τὸ μι κατὰ παράδοσιν· μέμιχα γάρ ἐστιν ὁ μέσος παρακείμενος, εἰ δὲ διὰ τῆς ει διφθόγγου ἐγράφετο μέμοιχα εἶχεν εἶναι· ἐὰν γὰρ εὑρέθη τὸ ε ἐν δισυλλάβῳ μέλ λοντι, ἢ μόνον, ἢ μετὰ τοῦ ι, τρέπεται εἰς τὸ ο·