In job (sermones 14) (olim sub auctore joanne chrysostomo)

 In ausitis, whose name was job. and that man was blameless, just, god-fearing, true, abstaining from every evil thing. such was adam also before he wa

 Rooted and founded, and secured up to the very arches of heaven. the first messenger came, and says to job: the yokes of oxen were plowing, and raider

 Your sons, he says, and your daughters were eating and drinking at the house of their eldest brother. see how the blessed job was filled with all unde

 In this job sinned not at all before the lord, but for all these things he offered a whole thanksgiving instead of a sacrifice to god, saying: blessed

 Having blossomed from the root, a judge of righteousness. that one warred against nature, and considered his brother a stranger this one considered e

 Those snatched away from polytheism, those gathered from wickedness, those assembled from fornication and adultery, he did not add the summit of virtu

 The sequence of theorems. and may it be granted to us to celebrate the feast genuinely, and having shared in the sufferings of the saints, to share al

 Rather in temporary wealth, but in that of piety. but some other wise man, taking the saying in a common sense, thinks that great works are vineyards

 Runners, called *cursores* in latin but when they drag some away in dishonor, do they send out other harsh and cruel soldiers? so also god sends mini

 Heaven because all earthly things have been trodden underfoot by him, because he has all men under his feet. having gone about, he said, the earth, an

 To the one who wronged you, why do you worship the one who consumes your possessions? fire fell from heaven. job heard, and again bore it nobly. for h

 A wife was left, not because the devil spared her, but because he kept the weapon for himself. for since he knew that through a woman he had overcome

 To contend peter was able to act bravely without a promise, the apostles were able to contend for virtue without receiving a promise of good things

 Of the one who knows all things. from where do you come? see the wisdom of god see the cunning of the devil. for god knew from where he had come, tha

 Job with a malignant sore from foot to head. he made his whole body one wound, one 56.578 bruise. for it was necessary for him, the combatant, to be c

 The magnitude, he insults inanimate things, and fulfills the full measure of his suffering, not daring against god, but accusing himself and the day

 He suffered also in the case of job. he destroyed martyrs, in order to extinguish the church, not knowing that after the martyrs the church would flou

 This not out of ambition, but out of guilelessness, when he says: i have not disregarded the judgment of my manservant, or of my maidservant, when the

 You were. did you, then, call to judgment the one more ancient than the ages, the creator of the creation? when i stretched a line upon the earth, whe

 Again on the day of the resurrection they will receive him from the tomb into the kingdom, and with one accord they will enjoy those ineffable and ete

you were. Did you, then, call to judgment the one more ancient than the ages, the creator of the creation? When I stretched a line upon the earth, when I made fast its pillars, when I brought it forth from its mother’s womb, when the sea was being born, where were you? when I covered it with a cloud, and wrapped it in mist, where were you? He rebukes him as one who spoke unworthily, 56.582 from guilelessness, indeed, but nevertheless from ignorance. And what does He do? He does not reprove him for everything, but corrects him in private as a friend. When, therefore, He had said these things, and things similar to them (for it is not the time to interpret every word in detail), and Job became aware of himself (for the righteous man corrects his fault at the first reproof), he says: Lord, by the hearing of the ear I had heard of you before, but now my eye has seen you, and I despise myself; and I have considered myself earth and ashes. And, Once I have spoken, but I will not add a second time. See how he who received the rebuke well retracts his error. Once I have spoken, and this from guilelessness, not from wickedness; but I will not add a second time. For who am I to be judged before the Lord? What Job did not foreknow through guilelessness, he learns after the reproof. Then what of God? He does not allow him to refuse the judgment, but says: No, but gird up your loins like a man. Stand, he says, like a man. Do not think that I struck you with power for this reason, fleeing what is just, but I corrected your guilelessness. Nevertheless, I do not refuse judgment; judge me justly, and demand an account of what has happened. You were judged so that you might be crowned, you were judged so that you might be admired throughout all that is under heaven. Before the suffering, one corner knew you; after the suffering, all that is under heaven will know. Your dung heap becomes more splendid than any royal diadem. Those who wear the diadem desire to see both your contest and the pain of your struggles. I made your dung heap a paradise, I cultivated it for piety, I revealed a heavenly plant. You have received heavenly things, receive also earthly things, receive all things twofold. Here learn, every Christian, your hope, the excellence of your promise. For to Job he promises double, and gives double; but the Savior says to his own disciples: Whoever has left father, or mother, or sisters for my sake, will receive a hundredfold, and will inherit eternal life. But pay close attention to this, how He corrects the friend in private, but reproves Job’s friends openly. And God says to them: Why have you not spoken rightly concerning my servant Job? But, O righteous judge, we made our speech on your behalf, we proclaimed your righteousness, we condemned a man, but we showed your righteousness to be blameless. Here then pay attention to the righteous judgment of God. For if He does not accept one who speaks on His behalf against the righteous man, will He accept those who speak against the righteous man unjustly? Therefore He reproves his friends, and says: And now, if it were not for my servant Job, I would have destroyed you. At the same time, therefore, He both reproves and saves. He saves because they said nothing evil against God; but He reproves the righteous man, correcting his integrity; and He honors the friends on his account; and He honors the righteous man because of his struggle, and gives him double, and from his darkness the light shone both then and now. Having said one thing more, let us show the preeminence. He received sheep twofold, oxen, camels, donkeys twofold; but having lost ten children, he did not receive twenty. Here it must be asked, how the beasts were twofold, but the children single. Because beasts and possessions, when they perish, are completely lost, but a man who has died is preserved for life, and is raised to resurrection. He does not give him the children twofold, lest He cut off the hope of those who have departed, but that He might show him that they too, though they were snatched away, are yet alive. And all of those are supplied to him; but He gives him only ten, so that Job might be found not passing from life to death, but moving from house to house. For ten escorted him to the grave when he finished his life; ten

ἦσθα. Τὸν οὖν ἀρχαιότερον τῶν αἰώνων, τὸν κτίστην τῆς δημιουργίας εἰς κρίσιν ἐκάλεσας; Ὅτε ἔτεινα σπαρτίον ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς, ὅτε τοὺς στύλους αὐτῆς ἥδρασα, ὅτε μετήγαγον ἐκ κοιλίας μητρὸς αὐτῆς, ὅτε ἐτίκτετο ἡ θάλασσα, ποῦ ἦς; ὅτε αὐτὴν ἐσκέπασα νεφέλῃ, ὁμίχλῃ δὲ αὐτὴν περιέβαλον, ποῦ ἦς; Καθάπτεται αὐτοῦ ὡς ἀναξίως φθεγξαμένου, 56.582 ἀπὸ ἀκακίας μὲν, πλὴν ἀπ' ἀγνοίας. Καὶ τί ποιεῖ; Οὐκ ἐπὶ πάντων αὐτὸν ἐλέγχει, ἀλλ' ὡς φίλον ἰδίᾳ διορθοῦται. Ὡς οὖν εἶπε ταῦτα, καὶ τὰ τούτοις παραπλήσια (οὐ γὰρ καιρός ἐστι κατὰ μέρος πᾶσαν λέξιν ἑρμηνεῦσαι), καὶ ὁ Ἰὼβ ἐπιγνώμων ἑαυτοῦ γενόμενος (ὁ γὰρ δίκαιος ἐκ πρώτου ἐλέγχου διορθοῦται τὸ σφάλμα), λέγει· Κύριε, ἀκοῇ μὲν ὠτὸς ἤκουόν σου τὸ πρότερον, νυνὶ δὲ ὁ ὀφθαλμός μου εἶδέ σε, καὶ ἐξουδένησα ἐμαυτόν· ἥγημαι δὲ ἐμαυτὸν γῆν καὶ σποδόν. Καὶ, Ἅπαξ ἐλάλησα, ἐπὶ δὲ τῷ δευτέρῳ οὐ προσθήσω. Βλέπε πῶς ἀνακαλεῖται τὸ σφάλμα ὁ καλῶς τὴν μέμψιν δεξάμενος. Ἅπαξ ἐλάλησα, καὶ τοῦτο ἀπὸ ἀκακίας, οὐκ ἀπὸ πονηρίας· ἐπὶ δὲ τῷ δευτέρῳ οὐ προσθήσω. Τίς γάρ εἰμι ἐγὼ κρινόμενος ἐναντίον Κυρίου; Ἃ μὴ προέγνω ὁ Ἰὼβ δι' ἀκακίαν, μανθάνει μετὰ τὸν ἔλεγχον. Εἶτα τί ὁ Θεός; Οὐ συγχωρεῖ αὐτῷ παραιτήσασθαι τὴν κρίσιν, ἀλλά φησιν· Οὐχὶ, ἀλλὰ ζῶσαι ὥσπερ ἀνὴρ τὴν ὀσφύν σου. Στῆθι, φησὶν, ὡς ἀνήρ. Μὴ νομίσῃς, ὅτι διὰ τοῦτό σε κατέπληξα τῇ δυναστείᾳ, φεύγων τὸ δίκαιον, ἀλλὰ διωρθωσάμην σου τὴν ἀκακίαν. Τὴν μέντοι κρίσιν οὐ παραιτοῦμαι· κρῖνόν με δικαίως, καὶ ἀπαίτει λόγον τῶν γινομένων. Ἐκρίθης ἵνα στεφθῇς, ἐκρίθης ἵνα ἀγασθῇς ἐν πάσῃ τῇ ὑπ' οὐρανόν. Πρὸ τοῦ πάθους μία σε γωνία ἐγνώριζε· μετὰ τὸ πάθος πᾶσα γνωρίσει ἡ ὑπ' οὐρανόν. Ἡ κοπρία σου παντὸς βασιλικοῦ διαδήματος λαμπροτέρα γίνεται. Οἱ τὸ διάδημα φέροντες ἐπιθυμοῦσιν ἰδεῖν σου καὶ τὸν ἀγῶνα καὶ τὸν πόνον τῶν ἀθλημάτων. Παράδεισόν σου ἐποίησα τὴν κοπρίαν, ἐγεώργησα πρὸς εὐσέβειαν, φυτὸν ἐπουράνιον ἀνέδειξα. Ἔλαβες τὰ ἐπουράνια, δέχου καὶ τὰ ἐπίγεια, λάμβανε τὰ πάντα εἰς τὸ διπλάσιον. Ἐνταῦθα μάθε, πᾶς Χριστιανὸς, τὴν σὴν ἐλπίδα, τὴν ὑπεροχὴν τῆς σῆς ἐπαγγελίας. Τῷ Ἰὼβ μὲν γὰρ διπλασίονα ἐπαγγέλλεται, καὶ διπλάσια δίδωσιν· ὁ δὲ Σωτὴρ τοῖς ἑαυτοῦ μαθηταῖς φησιν· Ὃς ἀφῆκε πατέρα, ἢ μητέρα, ἢ ἀδελφὰς ἕνεκεν ἐμοῦ, ἑκατονταπλασίονα λήψεται, καὶ ζωὴν αἰώνιον κληρονομήσει. Ἀλλ' ἐκεῖνο πρόσεχε ἀκριβῶς, ὅπως τὸν μὲν φίλον ἰδίᾳ διορθοῦται, τοὺς δὲ φίλους τοῦ Ἰὼβ ἐλέγχει παῤῥησίᾳ. Καὶ λέγει αὐτοῖς ὁ Θεός· Ἵνα τί οὐκ ἐλαλήσατε ὀρθὰ κατὰ τοῦ θεράποντός μου Ἰώβ; Ἀλλ', ὦ δικαιοκρίτα, ὑπὲρ σοῦ τὸν λόγον ἐθέμεθα, τὴν σὴν δικαιοσύνην ἐκηρύξαμεν, κατεψηφισάμεθα ἀνθρώπου, τὴν δὲ σὴν δικαιοσύνην ἀθώαν ἐδείξαμεν. Ἐνταῦθα οὖν πρόσεχε τῇ δικαιοκρισίᾳ τοῦ Θεοῦ. Εἰ γὰρ τὸν ὑπὲρ αὐτοῦ λέγοντα κατὰ τοῦ δικαίου οὐ δέχεται, τοὺς κατὰ τοῦ δικαίου λέγοντας παρὰ τὸ δίκαιον δέξεται; Ἐλέγχει οὖν τοὺς φίλους αὐτοῦ, καὶ λέγει· Καὶ νῦν, εἰ μὴ διὰ τὸν δοῦλόν μου Ἰὼβ, ἀπώλεσα ἂν ὑμᾶς. Ὁμοῦ οὖν καὶ ἐλέγχει, καὶ διασώζει. Σώζει μὲν διὰ τὸ μηδὲν πονηρὸν κατὰ τοῦ Θεοῦ λέγειν· ἐλέγχει δὲ τὸν δίκαιον, τὴν ἀκεραιότητα ἐπανορθούμενος· καὶ τιμᾷ μὲν τοὺς φίλους δι' ἐκεῖνον· τιμᾷ δὲ τὸν δίκαιον διὰ τὴν ἄθλησιν, καὶ δίδωσιν αὐτῷ διπλάσιον, καὶ ἀπὸ σκότους αὐτοῦ τὸ φῶς ἔλαμψε καὶ τότε καὶ νῦν. Ἓν δ' ἔτι εἰρηκότες, δείξωμεν τὴν ὑπεροχήν. Ἔλαβε τὰ πρόβατα εἰς τὸ διπλάσιον, βόας, καμήλους, ὄνους εἰς τὸ διπλάσιον· τὰ δὲ τέκνα ἀπολέσας δέκα, εἴκοσιν οὐκ ἔλαβεν. Ἐνταῦθα ζητητέον, πῶς τὰ κτήνη μὲν εἰς τὸ διπλάσιον, τὰ δὲ τέκνα εἰς τὸ ἁπλοῦν. Ἐπειδὴ τὰ κτήνη μὲν καὶ τὰ κτήματα ἀπολλύμενα τέλειον ἀπώλοντο, ἄνθρωπος δὲ ἀποθανὼν εἰς ζωὴν διαφυλάττεται, καὶ εἰς ἀνάστασιν ἐγείρεται. Οὐ δίδωσιν αὐτῷ εἰς τὸ διπλάσιον τὰ τέκνα, ἵνα μὴ ἐκκόψῃ τὴν ἐλπίδα τῶν ἀπελθόντων, ἀλλὰ ἵνα δείξῃ αὐτῷ, ὅτι κἀκεῖνοι, εἰ καὶ προηρπάγησαν, ἀλλὰ ζῶσι. Κἀκεῖνοι μὲν πάντες χορηγοῦνται αὐτῷ· οὐ δίδωσι δὲ αὐτῷ πλὴν δέκα, ἵνα εὑρεθῇ Ἰὼβ οὐκ ἀπὸ ζωῆς εἰς θάνατον, ἀλλ' ἀπ' οἴκου εἰς οἶκον μεταβαίνων. ∆έκα γὰρ αὐτὸν τελέσαντα τὸν βίον μέχρι τάφου προέπεμψαν· δέκα