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men," but by His own Word and His own wisdom. And having made him and blessed him to increase and fill the earth, He subjected all things to him, under his hand and in bondage, and He also commanded him from the beginning to have his sustenance from the fruits of the earth and the seeds and herbs and fruit-trees, at the same time commanding the animals to share their sustenance with man, so that they too might eat from all the seeds of the earth. Thus having finished the heaven and the earth and the sea and all that is in them on the sixth day, God rested on the seventh day from all His works which He had made. Then holy scripture thus recapitulates, saying: "This is the book of the generation of heaven and of earth, when it was made in the day that God made the heaven and the earth, and every green thing of the field before it came to be, and all the grass of the field before it grew. For God had not rained upon the earth, and there was no man to work the earth." Through this he indicated to us that the whole earth at that time was watered by a divine spring, and there was no need for man to work it, but all things sprang up from the earth spontaneously according to the command of God, so that man would not grow weary from working. But that the formation might also be shown, so that it might not seem to be an unsearchable question among men, since it had been said by God, "Let us make man," and his formation had not yet been revealed, the scripture teaches us, saying, "And a spring went up out of the earth and watered the whole face of the earth, and God formed man from the dust of the earth, and breathed into his face the breath of life, and man became a living soul." whence also the soul is called immortal by most. And after forming man, God chose for him a place in the eastern regions, excellent in light, transparent with a brighter air, with most beautiful plants, in which He placed the man. And the scripture contains the things sought of the sacred history thus: "And God planted the paradise in Eden, in the east; and there He put the man whom He had formed. And God made to grow <still> out of the ground every tree that is pleasant to the sight and good for food, and the tree of life in the midst of paradise, and the tree of the knowledge of good and evil. And a river goes out of Eden to water paradise; from there it is divided into four heads. The name of the first is Pishon; this is the one that encompasses the whole land of Havilah; there is the gold. And the gold of that land is good, and there is the carbuncle and the green stone. And the name of the second river is Gihon; this is the one that encompasses the whole land of Ethiopia. And the third river is Tigris; this is the one that flows before the Assyrians. And the fourth river is Euphrates. And the Lord God took the man whom He had formed, and put him in paradise to work it and to keep it. And God commanded Adam, saying: From every tree that is in paradise you may freely eat; but from the tree

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μεν", ἀλλ' ἢ τῷ ἑαυτοῦ λόγῳ καὶ τῇ ἑαυτοῦ σοφίᾳ. ποιήσας δὲ αὐτὸν καὶ εὐλογήσας εἰς τὸ αὐξάνεσθαι καὶ πληρῶσαι τὴν γῆν ὑπέταξεν αὐτῷ ὑποχείρια καὶ ὑπόδουλα τὰ πάντα, προσέταξεν δὲ καὶ ἔχειν τὴν δίαιταν αὐτὸν ἀρχῆθεν ἀπὸ τῶν καρπῶν τῆς γῆς καὶ τῶν σπερμάτων καὶ χλοῶν καὶ ἀκροδρύων, ἅμα καὶ συνδίαιτα κελεύσας εἶναι τὰ ζῶα τῷ ἀνθρώπῳ εἰς τὸ καὶ αὐτὰ ἐσθίειν ἀπὸ τῶν σπερμάτων ἁπάντων τῆς γῆς. Oὕτως συντελέσας ὁ θεὸς τὸν οὐρανὸν καὶ τὴν γῆν καὶ τὴν θάλασσαν καὶ πάντα ὅσα ἐν αὐτοῖς ἐν τῇ ἕκτῃ ἡμέρᾳ κατέπαυσεν ἐν τῇ ἑβδόμῃ ἡμέρᾳ ἀπὸ πάντων τῶν ἔργων αὐτοῦ ὧν ἐποίησεν. εἶθ' οὕτως ἀνακεφαλαιοῦται λέγουσα ἡ ἁγία γραφή· Ἅὕτη βίβλος γενέσεως οὐρανοῦ καὶ τῆς γῆς, ὅτε ἐγένετο ἡμέρᾳ ᾗ ἐποίησεν ὁ θεὸς τὸν οὐρανὸν καὶ τὴν γῆν, καὶ πᾶν χλωρὸν ἀγροῦ πρὸ τοῦ γενέσθαι, καὶ πάντα χόρτον ἀγροῦ πρὸ τοῦ ἀνατεῖλαι· οὐ γὰρ ἔβρεξεν ὁ θεὸς ἐπὶ τὴν γῆν, καὶ ἄνθρωπος οὐκ ἦν ἐργάζεσθαι τὴν γῆν." διὰ τούτου ἐμήνυσεν ἡμῖν ὅτι καὶ ἡ γῆ πᾶσα κατ' ἐκεῖνο καιροῦ ἐποτίζετο ὑπὸ πηγῆς θείας, καὶ οὐκ εἶχεν χρείαν ἐργάζεσθαι αὐτὴν ἄνθρωπον, ἀλλὰ τὰ πάντα αὐτοματισμῷ ἀνέφυεν ἡ γῆ κατὰ τὴν ἐντολὴν τοῦ θεοῦ, πρὸς τὸ μὴ κοπιᾶν ἐργαζόμενον τὸν ἄνθρωπον. Ὅπως δὲ καὶ ἡ πλάσις δειχθῇ, πρὸς τὸ μὴ δοκεῖν εἶναι ζήτημα ἐν ἀνθρώποις ἀνεύρετον, ἐπειδὴ εἴρητο ὑπὸ τοῦ θεοῦ· "Ποιήσωμεν ἄνθρωπον" καὶ οὔπω ἡ πλάσις αὐτοῦ πεφανέρωται, διδάσκει ἡμᾶς ἡ γραφὴ λέγουσα· "Πηγὴ δὲ ἀνέβαινεν ἐκ τῆς γῆς καὶ ἐπότιζεν πᾶν τὸ πρόσωπον τῆς γῆς, καὶ ἔπλασεν ὁ θεὸς τὸν ἄνθρωπον χοῦν ἀπὸ τῆς γῆς, καὶ ἐνεφύσησεν εἰς τὸ πρόσωπον αὐτοῦ πνοὴν ζωῆς, καὶ ἐγένετο ὁ ἄνθρωπος εἰς ψυχὴν ζῶσαν." ὅθεν καὶ ἀθάνατος ἡ ψυχὴ ὠνόμασται παρὰ τοῖς πλείοσι. μετὰ δὲ τὸ πλάσαι τὸν ἄνθρω- πον ὁ θεὸς ἐξελέξατο αὐτῷ χωρίον ἐν τοῖς τόποις τοῖς ἀνατολικοῖς, διάφορον φωτί, διαυγὲς ἀέρι λαμπροτέρῳ, φυτοῖς παγκάλοις, ἐν ᾧ ἔθετο τὸν ἄνθρωπον. Τὰ δὲ ·ητὰ τῆς ἱστορίας τῆς ἱερᾶς ἡ γραφὴ οὕτως περιέχει· "Καὶ ἐφύτευσεν ὁ θεὸς τὸν παράδεισον ἐν Ἐδὲμ κατὰ ἀνατολὰς καὶ ἔθετο ἐκεῖ τὸν ἄνθρωπον ὃν ἔπλασεν. καὶ ἐξανέτειλεν ὁ θεὸς <ἔτι> ἐκ τῆς γῆς πᾶν ξύλον, ὡραῖον εἰς ὅρασιν καὶ καλὸν εἰς βρῶσιν, καὶ τὸ ξύλον τῆς ζωῆς ἐν μέσῳ τοῦ παραδείσου καὶ τὸ ξύλον τοῦ εἰδέναι γνωστὸν καλοῦ καὶ πονηροῦ. ποταμὸς δὲ ἐκπορεύεται ἐξ Ἐδὲμ ποτίζειν τὸν παράδεισον· ἐκεῖθεν ἀφορίζεται εἰς τέσσαρας ἀρχάς. ὄνομα τῷ ἑνὶ Φεισών· οὗτος ὁ κυκλῶν πᾶσαν τὴν γῆν Eὐιλάτ· ἐκεῖ οὖν ἐστιν τὸ χρυσίον. τὸ δὲ χρυσίον τῆς γῆς ἐκείνης καλὸν κἀκεῖ ἐστιν ὁ ἄνθραξ καὶ ὁ λίθος ὁ πράσινος. καὶ ὄνομα τῷ ποταμῷ τῷ δευτέρῳ Γεών· οὗτος κυκλοῖ πᾶσαν τὴν γῆν Aἰθιοπίας. καὶ ὁ ποταμὸς ὁ τρίτος Τίγρις· οὗτος ὁ πορευόμενος κατέναντι Ἀσσυρίων. ὁ δὲ ποταμὸς ὁ τέταρτος Eὐφράτης. καὶ ἔλαβεν κύριος ὁ θεὸς τὸν ἄνθρωπον ὃν ἔπλασεν, καὶ ἔθετο αὐτὸν ἐν τῷ παραδείσῳ ἐργάζεσθαι αὐτὸν καὶ φυλάσσειν. καὶ ἐνετείλατο ὁ θεὸς τῷ Ἀδάμ, λέγων· Ἀπὸ παντὸς ξύλου τοῦ ἐν τῷ παραδείσῳ βρώσει φαγεῖ· ἀπὸ δὲ τοῦ ξύλου